Evaluates the risks to human health and the environment posed by exposure to 2-meth-oxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, and their two acetates: 2-methoxyethyl acetate and 2-ethoxyethyl acetate. These glycol ethers have a wide range of uses as solvents with particular application in paints, stains, inks, lacquers, and the production of food-contact plastics.

In exploring the antiwar movement, tax and foreign economic policies, environmental and health care questions, and the space program, these essays demonstrate how domestic issues were critically affected by the Vietnam War and provide a fuller understanding of Johnson's vital but flawed legacy to the nation.

Dieser bewahrte Retter vor Ungeziefer hat schon unzahligen Lesern geholfen, sich von den ungebetenen Gasten wieder zu befreien. Mit dem farbigen, anschaulichen Ratgeber erhalten Sie alle Informationen, um Schadlinge zu erkennen und erfolgreich zu bekampfen und Stich- oder Bisswunden gezielt zu behandeln. Das praktische Glossar zum Nachschlagen ist eine schnelle Orientierungshilfe.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. This new compendium volume examines the significant impact of air quality on human health. Assessing air pollution in complex morphologies has become an important issue in order to implement mitigation measures and limit emissions from the most relevant sources, such as waste incineration, traffic emissions, emissions from fuel and electricity production, and household emissions. These pollutants result in adverse health effects, material damage, damage to ecosystems, and global climate change. The book looks at these issues and is divided into several sections, covering air pollution and where we came from and where we're headed waste incineration and its impact on air quality air pollution vehicle and transportation emissions emissions from fuel and electricity production The chapters in Pollution and the Atmosphere: Designs for Reduced Emissions contain recent research looking at the two major components of air pollution: air pollution control and air-quality engineering. Air pollution control focuses on the fundamentals of air pollutant formation in process technologies and the identification of options for mitigating or preventing air pollutant emissions. Air quality engineering deals with large-scale, multi-source control strategies, with focus on the physics and chemistry of pollutant interactions in the atmosphere.

"Food's Frontier" provides a survey of pioneering agricultural research projects underway in Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Uganda, India, China, Chile, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru by a writer both well-grounded technically and sensitive to social and cultural issues. The book starts from the premise that the 'Green Revolution' which averted mass starvation a generation ago is not a long-term solution to global food needs and has created its own very serious problems. Based on increasing yields by extensive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and monoculture - agribusiness-style production of single crops - this approach has poisoned both land and farm workers, encouraged new strains of pests that are resistant to ever-increasing amounts of pesticides, and killed the fertility of land by growing single crops rather than rotating crops that can replenish nutrients in the soil. Solutions to these problems are coming from a reexamination of ancient methods of agriculture that have allowed small-scale productivity over many generations. Research in the developing world, based on alternative methods and philosophies, indigenous knowledge, and native crops, joined with cutting edge technology, offer hope for a more lasting solution to the world's increasing food needs.

Latin America is one of the most diverse but also vulnerable regions in the world that is under continuous anthropogenic pressure due to increasing urban, industrial and agricultural developments. Although there are many research groups studying the impacts caused by those pressures, the results and conclusions obtained by many of them are largely unknown because their studies are mostly published at the local or regional scale. Ecotoxicology in Latin America represents an effort to collect and share research performed in Latin America in the area of ecotoxicology and environmental risk assessment, presenting a collection of relevant and innovative studies focused on the following topics: (i) Contaminant entrance, transportation, distribution and fate; (ii) Environmental risk in freshwater ecosystems; (iii) Ecological risk in coastal zones; (iv) Biomonitoring programs: water, sediment and air; (v) Physiological effects and biomarkers; (vi) Soil ecotoxicology; (vii) Bioaccumulation and human risk; (viii) Toxicity of emerging contaminants; and (ix) Frontiers in Ecotoxicology. This selection of topics aims at covering the most important subjects and applications of ecotoxicology, including classical and novel subjects. Therefore, this book contains chapters related to different environmental compartments prone to contamination (water, sediment, soil and air), to different contamination sources (agriculture, industry, urban discharges and natural emissions), and to multiple biological responses at different organizational levels (individual to ecosystems, including human beings). It is envisioned to have an international projection within and beyond Latin American countries, as it is a great opportunity to increase the networks not only among Latin American research teams working on similar subjects, but also with teams from other regions. The idea of this book was to favour the connection among groups to quickly improve the development of methods and their application in ecotoxicological and environmental risk studies in Latin America. This book will be useful to important sectors of environmental sciences and related areas, and to specific target demographics such as students and researchers acting in environmental studies, and decision-makers (i.e., politicians and environmental organizations). Ecotoxicology in Latin America presents 34 chapters authored by 111 researchers from 12 Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela) and from 6 non-Latin American countries (Austria, Belgium, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and USA).

Phthalates are ester derivatives that have been used to alter the flexibility of plastics since the 1930s, and are ubiquitous in our daily life. The first chapter of this book discusses how perinatal exposure to phthalates may induce alterations in brain neural growth and differentiation, with neurocognitive and behavioral consequences. Chapter two investigates the advantages and/or disadvantages of some analytical methods used in the past few years for chromatographic detection. The fourth chapter discusses the widespread application of phthalates and the role of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique used in the detection, determination and confirmation of the chemical. The final chapter examines the assessment of phthalate exposure in polymer materials with advanced numerical algorithms.

Lead is a heavy metal used since ancient times and is still employed for several industrial purposes due to its suitable physical and chemical properties. It is non-biodegradable and is very persistent in the environment. Human exposure can lead, however, to a wide range of biological effects. Lead (Pb) exposure is known to induce a wide range of physiological and biochemical dysfunctions in humans and animals. This books reviews works collected in international literature dealing with the effects of lead; the environmental contamination of lead and its associated public health risks; the influence of lead at different doses on the structure of intestinal microbial community in vivo and its relationships to intestinal epithelium in vitro; and finally, the effects of fractions of the edible halophyte, Sarcocornia perennis on human kidney cells after Pb intoxication.

This book, which is an updated new edition in 2012 of an earlier book of 2007, addresses the role of passive smoking in causing the multiple aspects of cardiovascular damage under biochemical, physiological, pathological, clinical, epidemiological and statistic all aspects. In just five years, from 2007 to 2012, enormous progress on the effects of passive smoking has been achieved. This book also uses, under the editorial aspect, a modern and updated system of asterisks that bind, in each chapter, the existing concepts, without changing their content, with those of more recent acquisition that modify or cancel the previously issued. In this way, the reader can actively update on what was effectively the "past" and how current research on the subject suggests.

In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the properties, health effects and environmental issues relating to phosphorus. Topics discussed in this compilation include aminophosphonate synthesis and applications; the effect of phosphorus doping on the electrical properties of diamond and carbon nanotubes; limiting nutrient and eutrophication in aquatic systems and the nitrogen/phosphorus dilemma; the environmental response of sedimentary phosphorus of shallow lakes and the anthropogenic impact; and the phosphorus complex of porphyrin.

The contents of this volume focuses on the relationship between passive smoking and cardiovascular pathology. Findings concerning the harmful effects of passive smoking, namely isolated or public exposure to someone else's smoking, began in the 1970's. This book reflects the current views on the relationship between cardiovascular pathology and passive smoking providing the main achievements obtained with the findings on the subject. The book presents the factors that influence negatively both a normal and diseased heart and blood vessels of non-smokers exposed to environmental smoking by means of different chapters structured with a sequence that begin from normal patterns until reaching the final step: irreversible damage of the heart and blood vessels.

Health care is political. It entails fierce battles over the allocation of resources, arguments over the imposition of regulations, and the mediation of dueling public sentiments-all conflicts that are often narrated from a national, top-down view. In All Health Politics Is Local, Merlin Chowkwanyun shifts our focus, taking us to four very different places-New York City, Los Angeles, Cleveland, and central Appalachia-to experience a national story through a regional lens. He shows how racial uprisings in the 1960s catalyzed the creation of new medical infrastructure for those long denied it, what local authorities did to curb air pollution so toxic that it made residents choke and cry, how community health activists and bureaucrats fought over who'd control facilities long run by insular elites, and what a national coal boom did to community ecology and health. In a country riven by regional differences, All Health Politics Is Local shatters the notion of a shared national health agenda. It shows that health has always been political and shaped not just by formal policy but also by grassroots community battles.

Health care is political. It entails fierce battles over the allocation of resources, arguments over the imposition of regulations, and the mediation of dueling public sentiments-all conflicts that are often narrated from a national, top-down view. In All Health Politics Is Local, Merlin Chowkwanyun shifts our focus, taking us to four very different places-New York City, Los Angeles, Cleveland, and central Appalachia-to experience a national story through a regional lens. He shows how racial uprisings in the 1960s catalyzed the creation of new medical infrastructure for those long denied it, what local authorities did to curb air pollution so toxic that it made residents choke and cry, how community health activists and bureaucrats fought over who'd control facilities long run by insular elites, and what a national coal boom did to community ecology and health. In a country riven by regional differences, All Health Politics Is Local shatters the notion of a shared national health agenda. It shows that health has always been political and shaped not just by formal policy but also by grassroots community battles.

Investing responsibly is one of the most powerful ways that you can fight climate change. No longer a niche sector for rebel fund managers, conscious investing has the potential to raise huge sums of money to the companies and organisations on the front line fighting the climate crisis and make investors positive returns in the process.

In this essential introduction to green investing, Alice Ross shows you how you can turn your savings and pensions, however big or small, into a force for change.

You will learn:

• Which sectors are leading the charge by developing cutting-edge solutions; from smart farming to renewable energy
• How to cut through 'alphabet soup' jargon and identify 'greenwashing'
• The ways you can maximise your economic power and hold those you're investing in to account

Why the news about the global decline of infectious diseases is not all good. Plagues and parasites have played a central role in world affairs, shaping the evolution of the modern state, the growth of cities, and the disparate fortunes of national economies. This book tells that story, but it is not about the resurgence of pestilence. It is the story of its decline. For the first time in recorded history, virus, bacteria, and other infectious diseases are not the leading cause of death or disability in any region of the world. People are living longer, and fewer mothers are giving birth to many children in the hopes that some might survive. And yet, the news is not all good. Recent reductions in infectious disease have not been accompanied by the same improvements in income, job opportunities, and governance that occurred with these changes in wealthier countries decades ago. There have also been unintended consequences. In this book, Thomas Bollyky explores the paradox in our fight against infectious disease: the world is getting healthier in ways that should make us worry. Bollyky interweaves a grand historical narrative about the rise and fall of plagues in human societies with contemporary case studies of the consequences. Bollyky visits Dhaka-one of the most densely populated places on the planet-to show how low-cost health tools helped enable the phenomenon of poor world megacities. He visits China and Kenya to illustrate how dramatic declines in plagues have affected national economies. Bollyky traces the role of infectious disease in the migrations from Ireland before the potato famine and to Europe from Africa and elsewhere today. Historic health achievements are remaking a world that is both worrisome and full of opportunities. Whether the peril or promise of that progress prevails, Bollyky explains, depends on what we do next. A Council on Foreign Relations Book

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for assessing the extent of environmental contamination and human health consequences in the event of a radiological incident such as a terrorist incident involving radioactive materials. Although the EPA will be mainly involved in the intermediate and recovery phases of an incident response, there also may be involvement in some activities in the early phase. This book describes project method validation guidance that a radioanalytical laboratory should comply with in order to validate methods used to process samples submitted during a radiological or nuclear incident, such as that caused by a terrorist attack. These responsibilities include response and recovery actions to detect and identify radioactive substances, and to co-ordinate federal radiological monitoring and assessment activities.

In this volume, the National Research Council examines problems arising throughout government-owned, contractor-operated facilities in the United States engaged in activities to build nuclear weapons. The book draws conclusions about and makes recommendations for the health and safety of the nuclear weapons complex and addresses pressing environmental concerns. In addition, the book examines the future of the complex and offers suggestions for its modernization. Several explanatory appendixes provide useful background information on the functioning of the complex, criticality safety, plutonium chemistry, and weapons physics.

Human Health and the Climate Crisis offers a detailed exploration of the human health aspects of climate change, examining both the direct and indirect human health impacts of climate change while uniquely exploring climate justice -- the equitable protection of all people from climate impacts and the participation of all people in climate-related decision-making regardless of race/ethnicity, class, national origin, indigenous status and gender. This comprehensive, yet accessible text balances appropriate technical content with sufficient contextual information about public health, epidemiology, and climate modeling for students to be able to comprehend the scientific literature on health impacts. Beginning with an overview of the current state of climate science, policy, and activism, Human Health and the Climate Crisis moves on to introducing key concepts in public health and epidemiology, as well as sources of health information critical to understanding and communicating how our health is being affected by climate change. After exploring key concepts in climate justice and stories of numerous climate justice advocates, subsequent chapters cover specific climate-related health topics - extreme heat, extreme weather, air pollution, vector-borne diseases, water, food, mental health, and human displacement. A final chapter covers the ways that health professions are affected by climate change and can play a role as advocates for climate action. Key Features: - Interdisciplinary focus, including an introduction to the fields of public health, global health and epidemiology to climate justice and public policy, encourage students to learn how to ask and analyze relevant questions about climate change and human health. - Specific examples and cases from the U.S. and around the world that illustrate the types of health impacts of climate change. - Based on the latest research and experiences. Most of the references are from the last few years, including many from 2021. - Designed to be accessible to a wide range of students without requiring significant background knowledge beforehand. - Navigate eBook access (included with the print text) provides online or offline access from a computer, tablet, or mobile device.

Malaysia's political stability and economic prosperity have contributed towards its growing population comprising of residents and an influx of laborers from other countries including Indonesia, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Malaysia now hosts a population of 32 million from which an estimated 3 million are migrants that support the agricultural and electronic sectors. This book highlights the current health related issues in Malaysia including those zoonotic diseases and non-communicable diseases that are unique and common to tropical countries. Other environmental factors that have positive and negative impacts on health such as medical constituents from local plants are also discussed.