In 1992, Australia's Commonwealth and State governments announced the introduction of a National Drought Policy adopting an innovative risk management approach, which received broad support from Australia's major political parties and the policy community.

This trail-blazing attempt and the experiences with the development and implementation of this policy over the past decade have intrigued the international scientific and policy communities. The present book comprises an academically focused collection of papers, which the Editors hope will provide others moving in a similar direction with the benefit of experience. The work highlights the successes and challenges of a move from disaster to risk management in responding to drought.

As such it will be a valuable and useful addition to the international literature on drought preparedness and response.

As occupational health and safety professionals require increased awareness of the whole field-and not just its specialized areas-they've started to need an all-encompassing reference work of necessary mathematical relationships.
Concise Guide to Environmental Definitions, Conversions, and Formulae is the quick and proficient source for that information. Professionals will find it's ideal for immediate reference; students and interns can benefit from it as a comprehensive study guide for certification exam preparation purposes.
Based on information presented in another essential reference (Definitions, Conversions, and Calculations for Occupational Safety and Health Professionals, Second Edition), the Concise Guide brings its most-cited details to an easily carried, portable size (41/2 x 6 3/4). Essential conversions, formulae, and definitions all await within those pages.
Virtually all of the mathematical relationships, formulas, definitions, and conversion factors any health and safety expert or trainee will ever need are all contained in the Concise Guide to Environmental Definitions, Conversions, and Formulae.

Schrumpfen oder wachsen? Ein zeitgenoessisches Marchen - Einleitung. ZEITEN (RHYTHMEN): Gegenwartsschrumpfung und zivilisatorische Selbsthistorisierung - Geschwindigkeit als kritischer Faktor in der OEkologie - Zeit des Rhythmus, Temporalitat der Operation - Zeit, Kunst, Musik. RAEUME (BEWEGUNGEN): UEber die Alterung von Kontinenten oder die Geschichte von der Landschaft her denken - Neue Entwicklungstypen von Grossstadten - Wer spart, braucht Ziele-eine ungehaltene Rede - Zukunftschance Schrumpfung-Stadtentwicklung in Ostdeutschland-eine Skizze. KOERPER (GESCHLECHT): Der alternde Mann - Anschwellen, Abschwellen, Schrumpfen. Zur Kulturgeschichte der Austrocknung. DENKEN (VERANTWORTUNG): Wachstum und Schrumpfung in Biologie, Medizin und Biophysik - Schrumpfen heisst Ausatmen. Analogien zum Wandel in Welt und Wirtschaft - Paradiesische Grenzerinnerungen jenseits von Eden. HANDELN (ORIENTIERUNG): Energie bleibt Energie? Es gibt mehr als ein Gesetz - Von schrumpfenden Mullmengen zu reduzierten Stoffstroemen - MacDonaldisierung, Schrumpfung, Aussterben. ZUKUNFT (ENTSCHEIDUNG): Strukturwandel der Wirtschaft, Entlastung der Umwelt? - Regionalisierung der Markte - Macht-Ohnmacht-Vermachtnis. Eine neue Perspektive - Paradiese. Von einem zu vielen.

In aquatic ecosystems, the oligochaetes are often a major component of the community. Their relevance in sediment quality assessment is largely related to their benthic and detritivorous life habit. In this book, we aim to present the state of the art of Pollution Biology using oligochaete worms in laboratory and field studies. Future research will require the combination of a variety of methodological approaches and the integration of the resulting information, avoiding fragmented and often conflicting visions of the relationships of the species with their environment. Current approaches to ecotoxicology and bioaccumulation using ecological risk assessment provide the opportunity to relate community studies with probability of effects. This book addresses three main themes: Ecological and Field Studies using the composition and structure of oligochaete communities, Toxicology and Laboratory Studies, and Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer Studies. Two appendices list values of toxicological parameters (LC50, EC50) and several bioaccumulation variables (bioaccumulation factors, biological half-life, toxicokinetic coefficients, and critical body residues) for different oligochaete species. Additional information is provided on Methodological Issues and on the Taxonomy of several oligochaete families, with information on the most recent taxonomic debates. Each chapter includes a critical view, based on the authors experience, of a number of current issues which have been raised in the literature.

The most comprehensive survey of sport and sustainability ever published Addresses a topic of growing importance - every sport organisation needs to understand its environmental and social responsibilities Structured around the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals, the gold standard blueprint for sustainable development Each section contains chapters on theory, measurement, and real-world application, making this an indispensable tool for students, researchers and practitioners International team of authors

This book combines the results of current research with essential background material to provide complete, in-depth coverage of every aspect of in situ and ex situ bioremediation, as well as an extensive overview of the physical and chemical processes currently available for treating petroleum-contaminated soils. Critical information has been collected and assembled under one cover to provide a convenient reference for anyone who must contend with this worldwide problem.
Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soils: Biological, Physical, and Chemical Processes describes how to optimize the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil-water systems. It reports on the susceptibility of various petroleum components to biodegradation by microorganisms, and considers all groups of microorganisms for their potential contributions. The book also deals with problem areas such as the transport of organisms, oxygen, or nutrients throughout the subsurface, as well as biodegradation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). In addition, the book presents a variety of methods for monitoring bioremediation.
This reference discusses current soil remediation processes and includes many innovative approaches. It also investigates means of controlling volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and leachate, and addresses methods for collecting and treating these secondary waste streams. The expansive coverage of this book will furnish readers with a wide range of options for developing treatment strategies and for customizing procedures for specific requirements.

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.

This major new text provides an introduction to the interaction of culture and society with the landscape and environment. It offers a broad-based view of this theme by drawing upon the varied traditions of landscape interpretation, from the traditional cultural geography of scholars such as Carl Sauer to the 'new' cultural geography which has emerged in the 1990s. The book comprises three major, interwoven strands. First, fundamental factors such as environmental change and population pressure are addressed in order to sketch the contextual variables of landscapes production. Second, the evolution of the humanised landscape is discussed in terms of processes such as clearing wood, the impact of agriculture, the creation of urban-industrial complexes, and is also treated in historical periods such as the pre-industrial, the modern and the post-modern. From this we can see the cultural and economic signatures of human societies at different times and places. Finally, examples of landscape types are selected in order to illustrate the ways in which landscape both represents and participates in social change. The authors use a wide range of source material, ranging from place-names and pollen diagrams to literature and heritage monuments. Superbly illustrated throughout, it is essential reading for first-year undergraduates studying historical geography, human geography, cultural geography or landscape history.

- the book provides a short and accessible introduction to AI for learners - it examines seven different educational roles and settings, from AI as a peer to AI as a tutor and AI as textbook, among others - it considers both opportunities and risks: technological developments as well as ethical considerations

Discusses the concepts of mechanical, thermal, and thermodynamic equilibrium and their applications. Covers the molecular basis for internal energy, entropy, thermodynamic equilibrium, and reversibility. Enables the reader to model irreversibility and determine the net loss in performance of a thermal system compared to an idealized system and approach an ideal one. Demonstrates entropy as a path independent property by use of reversible heat engines and reversible heat pumps interacting with a process between two states, the environment and the reservoir. Covers the role of reversibility from a thermodynamics standpoint and relates it to other areas, such as gas dynamics, combustion, propulsion, power plant engineering, and engines.

This book tells the story of the polution-related activities of companies from the pulp and paper and electric utility industries. The authors trace the development of air and water pollution regulations, analyze pollution data obtained from the EPA offices filed by the companies, and examine the impact of companies' pollution performance on their economic performance. Specifically, the book conducts a comparative analysis of pollution performance of the companies over an eight-year period to evaluate whether the companies have been successful in reducing pollution emissions over this period and how far the pollution emission requirements of the environmental laws are being met, and whether the industries' fear that pollution abatement expenditures would negatively impact their economic performance has any validity.

After discussing the provisions and accomplishments of U.S. federal air and water pollution laws, the authors present a plant by plant analysis of air pollution performance for 1979 and 1987 for 109 plants from fifteen electric utility companies, and plant by plant water pollution analysis of fifteen pulp and paper companies. In addition, comparative analyses are presented for the electric utility companies by each air pollutant and by the total air pollution, and for pulp and paper companies for each water pollutant and for the total water pollution. On the basis of an overall pollution index, the authors rank the electric utilities and pulp and paper companies for air and water pollution respectively. The comparative analyses of different time periods demonstrate which companies improved their pollution-abatement performance. The impact of pollution performance on economic performance is addressed by the authors over the short as well as long term. On the basis of earlier research findings and economic theory, the authors hypothesize that there would be a negative economic impact in the short run, but in the long run, this negative impact would disappear. The real life data from companies support this general hypothesis. Finally, the authors relate their research findings to public policy issues and make recommendations for public policy on environmental pollution.

The contributions to this volume examine: geotechnical hazard acknowledging the deversity of local ground conditions and environmental factors which play a decisive role in designing engineering structures in Danubian countries.

This text covers topics such as: hydrodynamic and water quality modeling; jets and plumes; turbulent sheer flows; air-water interaction; water quality models; environmental impact studies/Three Gorges project; water quality mangement; and eco hydraulics and river hydraulics.

Concrete folded plate roofs used to cover large open expanses of space can pose complex design problems soluble only through detailed mathematical analysis. This book introduces the engineer to practical schemes and practicalities, and goes on to provide multitudes of useful design tables, which allow linear interpolation, for a large range of various schemes of folded plate roofs to help the engineer with his designs. Design examples using both SI and USA (British Imperial) units are provided using these tables.

- Written by world-leading subject specialist in both sport management and artificial intelligence - Includes interviews with elite sports managers and coaches - Examines the competitive advantages offered by AI to a wide-range of areas including Recruitment, Performance & Tactics, Health & Fitness, Pedagogy, Broadcasting, eSports, Gambling, and Stadium Design

The most recent advances in research on coastal saline soil rehabilitation and utilization based on forestry approach are discussed. The forestry approach is emphasized rather than physical or engineering measures to ameliorate saline soils, which is significant for coastal environmental improvement and land resources expansion. The monograph is a useful reference for researchers using techniques of ecology, forestry and agronomy. Prof. Jianfeng Zhang works at the Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry. He has been working on afforestation in saline soils for over 20 years.

Reflecting current techniques and practical experience of continued deterioration of reinforced concrete structures, this revised and updated edition brings together the fundamental aspects of this worldwide problem, and offers advice on how investigations, diagnosis and consequent remedial work should be carried out. It covers reinforced concrete buildings, water-retaining and water-excluding structures, marine structures and bridges. The nine chapters also cover deterioration and renovation of concrete floors, repair and waterproofing of concrete roofs. The deterioration of concrete liquid retaining structures, including sewers, caused by chemical attack is also discussed and suggestions made for remedial work. The author discusses the newer methods of cathodic protection, realkalization and desalination to inhibit corrosion of reinforcement in existing structures.

Environmental Change presents an introductory exploration of past, present and future change in the environment. Combining the ecological and evolutionary approaches suggested in his related title, Geoecology, Huggett introduces the interdependent parts of the natural environment - ecological, geological and cosmic - and the dynamic nature of the environmental system. The book examines human-environment interaction, and biological and physical evidence and causes of environmental change over a range of timescales. Exploring rates and directions of change, Huggett postulates an unending adaption of the ecosphere and its parts to ever-changing circumstances, including those triggered by human actions, and looks towards the likely environmental changes in the future.

Modern society too often views water as a convenient vehicle for disposing of waste and the results are becoming increasingly apparent. Analysis of freshwater supplies frequently reveals disturbing levels of pollution, including human waste, heavy metals and synthetic chemicals, to the detriment of our health, and the health of entire ecosystems. The Water Crisis examines the roots of freshwater pollution urbanization, industrialization and intensive farming supported by case studies from the Rhine and the Great Lakes. It explores the impact of major pollutants and discusses methods of prevention. The final section provides a detailed overview of possible solutions, including soil-based treatment systems and constructed wetlands. A separate chapter is devoted to the important issue of groundwater pollution. Practical concise and accessible, this is ideal for students in environmental studies and environmental science, biology and geography, and general readers. Originally published in 1998

This updated and expanded Second Edition of Dr. Erickson's Analytical Chemistry of PCBs appears a decade after the first and is completely revised and updated. The changes from the First Edition reflect the significant growth in the area and a growing appreciation of the importance of PCB analysis to our culture. This book is a comprehensive review of the analytical chemistry of PCBs. It is part history, part annotated bibliography, part comparison, and part guidance. Featuring a new chapter on analyst/customer interactions and several new appendices, the Second Edition is an invaluable resource for both chemists with no experience in PCB analysis and seasoned PCB researchers.
All topics have been more thoroughly treated and updated in this new edition to reflect advances made in the last decade, especially:

Here is a dialog among worldwide experts across disciplines concerning theoretical frameworks and practical experiences to guide research and policy "towards environmental innovation systems." The contributors explore new directions of research at the border of two research traditions: systems of innovation and environmental innovations. The text examines the four main components of environmental innovation systems: conceptual foundations, empirical experiences, strategic approaches, and experiences with policy instruments.

Borehole geophysics is frequently applied in hydrogeological environmental investigations where, for example, sites must be evaluated to determine the distribution of contaminants. It is a cost-effective method for obtaining information during several phases of such investigations.
Written by one of world's leading experts in the field, A Practical Guide to Borehole Geophysics in Environmental Investigations explains the basic principles of the many tools and techniques used in borehole logging projects. Applications are presented in terms of broad project objectives, providing a hands-on guide to geophysical logging programs, including specific examples of how to obtain and interpret data that meet particular hydrogeologic objectives.

Biomaterials are advanced materials that garner interdisciplinary research. Wastewater pollution causes many adverse effects on human health and the environment. In order to rectify this, biomaterials and other nanomaterials have been utilized as photocatalysts against environmental waste. In this book, biomaterials are highlighted as a promising material for waste management, as biomaterials are cost-effective, eco-friendly and closer to nature.

'An important and timely book' from the Foreword by Stanley Johnson 'A complete and absorbing history of a decade of intense international politics offers many insights for future negotiators of sustainable solutions' Stephen Bass, International Institute for Environment and Development 'Skillfully navigates the jungle of forest politics, leaving us in no doubt that the verbal commitment to save the world's forests has yet to be translated into action on the ground. The way forward must clearly lie in political commitments and international cooperation if forests are to continue to preserve life on Earth' Francis Sullivan, World Wide Fund for Nature Global deforestation and its attendant processes - including soil degradation, climate change and the loss of biological diversity - emerged as international political issues during the 1980s, prompting politicians to seek consensus on programmes and policies for the conservation and sustainable management of forests. Yet global initiatives have been bedevilled by tensions between the North and South and between governments, industry, local communities and indigenous peoples. Meanwhile, rates of deforestation in the tropics are increasing, and international political efforts are demonstrably failing. Forest Politics carefully traces the evolution of international cooperation on forests, from the inception of the controversial International Tropical Timber Organization and the failed Tropical Forestry Action Programme in the mid-1980s, to the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Forests in the mid-1990s. The book also provides a detailed analysis of the negotiating stances of the parties involved in the divisive negotiations that rook place prior to the 1992 'Earth Summit' in Rio de Janeiro and the equally factious negotiations for the International Tropical Timber Agreement of 1994. It provides a fascinating insight into the nature of such processes, illustrating the difficulties that arise when concepts such as 'global commons' come into conflict with national sovereignty. Complete with annexes of important political documents, and making extensive use of primary source material and interviews with participants. Forest Politics presents case studies of all the major forest negotiations over the last 13 years. It is an essential reference point for policy makers, environmental campaigners and students, and required reading for all those who care about the future of the world's forests. David Humphreys is Research Fellow in Global Environmental Change at the Open University. Originally published in 1996