Arthur J. Elsley was the most popular 'chocolate box' artist of the late Victorian and Edwardian period; over 150 of his works were reproduced as prints. Long dismissed by art historians, this genre now demands reappraisal as an important aspect of Victorian art. Its appealing qualities are extremely accessible, presenting a comfortable, idealized world of clean, smiling children that has brought pleasure to millions.

Terry Parker has interviewed Elsley's only child and principal model, whose reminiscences and anecdotes bring his work to life. Her archive of photographs of Elsley's studio and models, together with his address book, provide rare insight into the workings of this artist.

Auction houses have witnessed an astronomical rise in the popularity of Elsley's oil paintings in the last ten years: one piece sold for $220,000.00 in 1996. Modern greeting card, calendar and print companies remain eager to reproduce his images, which are still found on a wide variety of products.

Walter Crane (1845 1915) is best remembered today as the illustrator of whimsical stories for children, but in fact he worked in many styles and genres throughout his life. The son of a painter, he was apprenticed to a wood engraver at the age of thirteen, and his father died shortly afterwards. By the time his apprenticeship was completed, Crane was painting as well as engraving, and joined the circle of the Pre-Raphaelites, being especially influenced by the politics of William Morris and the aesthetics of the Arts and Crafts movement. This highly illustrated 1907 autobiography traces his life from his childhood in Torquay through the difficult period following his father's death to his success as an illustrator and decorative artist, describing work, politics and travel. Crane may have felt that he was not given recognition as a serious painter, but this engaging account of a happy life does not show it."

How did Victorians, as creators and viewers of images, visualize the politics of franchise reform? This study of Victorian art and parliamentary politics, specifically in the 1840s and 1860s, answers that question by viewing the First and Second Reform Acts from the perspectives offered by Ruskin's political theories of art and Bagehot's visual theory of politics. Combining subjects and approaches characteristic of art history, political history, literary criticism and cultural critique, Picturing Reform in Victorian Britain treats both paintings and wood engravings, particularly those published in Punch and the Illustrated London News. Carlisle analyzes unlikely pairings - a novel by Trollope and a painting by Hayter, an engraving after Leech and a high-society portrait by Landseer - to argue that such conjunctions marked both everyday life in Victorian Britain and the nature of its visual politics as it was manifested in the myriad heterogeneous and often incongruous images of illustrated journalism.

In 1967, sex between consenting men in England and Wales was finally decriminalised - an entire century after the death penalty was abolished for sodomy in Britain in 1861. Between these legal landmarks lies a century of seismic shifts in gender and sexuality which found expression across the arts as artists, collectors and consumers explored transgressive identities, experiences and perspectives. Some of the resulting artworks were intensely personal, celebrating lovers or expressing private desires. Others addressed a wider public, helping to forge a sense of community at a time when the modern categories of gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender were largely unrecognised. Ranging from the playful to the political, the explicit to the domestic, these works reveal the rich diversity of queer British art. This beautiful book explores coded desires in aestheticism; the impact of the new science of sexology; queer domesticities; eroticism in the artist's studio; intersections of gender and sexuality; seedy dives and visions of Arcadia; and love and lust in sixties Soho. Featuring works by major artists such as Simeon Solomon, Clare Atwood, Ethel Sands, Duncan Grant, Francis Bacon and David Hockney among others, Queer British Art pays homage to the wealth of queer creativity in Britain between the 1860s and the 1960s.

Originally published in 1940, this book charts the origins and evolution of academies of art from the sixteenth century to the first half of the twentieth century. Pevsner expertly explains the political, religious and mercantile forces affecting the education of artists in various countries in Western Europe, and the growing 'academisation' of artistic training that he saw is his own day. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the various historical schools of art instruction and the history of art more generally.

Throughout the silent-feature era, American artists and intellectuals routinely described cinema as a force of global communion, a universal language promoting mutual understanding and harmonious coexistence amongst disparate groups of people. In the early 1920s, film-industry leaders began to espouse this utopian view, in order to claim for motion pictures an essentially uplifting social function. The Movies as a World Force examines the body of writing in which this understanding of cinema emerged and explores how it shaped particular silent films and their marketing campaigns. The utopian and universalist view of cinema, the book shows, represents a synthesis of New Age spirituality and the new liberalism. It provided a framework for the first official, written histories of American cinema and persisted as an advertising trope, even after the transition to sound made movies reliant on specific national languages.

Synonymous with finely crafted wood engravings of the natural world, Thomas Bewick (1753-1828) perfected an instantly recognisable style which was to influence book illustration well into the nineteenth century. Begun in November 1822, at the behest of his daughter Jane, and completed in 1828, Bewick's autobiography was first published in 1862. The opening chapters recall vividly his early life on Tyneside, his interest in the natural world, his passion for drawing, and his apprenticeship with engraver Ralph Beilby in Newcastle, where he would learn his trade and then work in fruitful partnership for twenty years. Later passages in the work reveal Bewick's strongly held views on religion, politics and nature. The work also features illustrations for a proposed work on British fish. Bewick's General History of Quadrupeds (1790) and History of British Birds (1797-1804), the works which secured his high reputation, are also reissued in this series.

Originally published in 1903, and delivered as a lecture the previous year, this book by Charles Waldstein, former director of the Fitzwilliam Museum, suggests that the nineteenth century was an age of artistic expansion, both in terms of subject matter and of method. Waldstein addresses painting, literature, architecture, music and decorative art in his comprehensive study. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in continuity and change in artistic expression in the nineteenth century.

The novelist and mystic William Sharp (1855 1905) wrote or edited around fifty books, both in his own name and under the pseudonym of Fiona MacLeod. An introduction to Dante Gabriel Rossetti in 1881 led to his publishing a study of the poet and artist in the following year. Appointed as London art critic of the Glasgow Herald in 1883, he went on to make many more distinguished acquaintances. Originally published in 1892, this work concerns another keeper of illustrious contacts: Joseph Severn (1793 1879), painter and British consul at Rome, who is best remembered for his close friendship with John Keats. As biographer, Sharp utilises Severn's vast though occasionally inconsistent correspondence, tracing his life from his youth, through his years of intimacy with Keats, to his death and eventual burial at the great poet's side.

Laugh Lines: Caricaturing Painting in Nineteenth-Century France is the first major study of Salon caricature, a kind of graphic art criticism in which press artists drew comic versions of contemporary painting and sculpture for publication in widely consumed journals and albums. Salon caricature began with a few tentative lithographs in the 1840s and within a few decades, no Parisian exhibition could open without appearing in warped, incisive, and hilarious miniature in the pages of the illustrated press. This broad survey of Salon caricature examines little-known graphic artists and unpublished amateurs alongside major figures like Edouard Manet, puts anonymous jokesters in dialogue with the essays of Baudelaire, and holds up the material qualities of a 10-centime album to the most ambitious painting of the 19th century. This archival study unearths colorful caricatures that have not been reproduced until now, drawing back the curtain on a robust culture of comedy around fine art and its reception in nineteenth-century France.

Art historian Henry M. Sayre traces the origins of the term "value" in art criticism, revealing the politics that define Manet's art. How did art critics come to speak of light and dark as, respectively, "high in value" and "low in value"? Henry M. Sayre traces the origin of this usage to one of art history's most famous and racially charged paintings, Edouard Manet's Olympia. Art critics once described light and dark in painting in terms of musical metaphor-higher and lower tones, notes, and scales. Sayre shows that it was Emile Zola who introduced the new "law of values" in an 1867 essay on Manet. Unpacking the intricate contexts of Zola's essay and of several related paintings by Manet, Sayre argues that Zola's usage of value was intentionally double coded-an economic metaphor for the political economy of slavery. In Manet's painting, Olympia and her maid represent objects of exchange, a commentary on the French Empire's complicity in the ongoing slave trade in the Americas. Expertly researched and argued, this bold study reveals the extraordinary weight of history and politics that Manet's painting bears. Locating the presence of slavery at modernism's roots, Value in Art is a surprising and necessary intervention in our understanding of art history.

Published in conjunction with the second major exhibition The Museum of Modern Art is organizing for the Art Gallery of Western Australia, Perth, Van Gogh to Richter: People, Places and Things is an exploration of the myriad innovative ways modern artists have reinvented the traditional genres of portrait, still life and landscape from the 1880s to today. By looking closely at works in a range of media, the catalogue shows how these long-established categories have expanded and transformed from Post-Impressionism to Photorealism, reflecting changes in our conceptions of individuals, objects and spaces. The selection of works range from Frida Kahlo's confident selfrepresentation to Gerhard Richter's blurred likeness; from Paul Cezanne's iconic tabletop arrangements to Jeff Koons's commodified objects; from Vincent van Gogh's roiling olive trees to Richard Long's land art, each demonstrating how modernism's radical new forms have continuously revitalized art history's conventional subjects. An introductory text reflects on how these artists both inherit and reject the traditions of their adopted genres, and three essays provide close readings of a key portrait (Henri de Toulouse Lautrec's La Goulue at the Moulin Rouge), still-life (Paul Cezanne's Still Life with Ginger Jar, Sugar Bowl and Oranges), and landscape (Van Gogh's The Olive Trees) from the dawn of modernism, and expand to consider subsequent works.

Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones (1833 98) emerged from a solitary, motherless childhood to form close friendships with William Morris and such other luminaries of the Victorian art world as Dante Gabriel Rossetti and John Ruskin. A second generation Pre-Raphaelite and founder member of the Morris firm, he was influential in many areas, from painting, stained glass and tapestry design to book illustration. His later work, including such iconic paintings as The Wheel of Fortune, The Golden Stairs (which caused a sensation when exhibited at the Grosvenor Gallery) and The Sleep of Arthur in Avalon, influenced and exemplified the Aesthetic Movement, and inspired the European Symbolists. His wife, Georgiana Burne-Jones (1840 1920), published this engaging two-volume biography in 1904. Volume 1 describes his formative years, important early relationships, projects such as the murals for the Oxford Union debating chamber, and his arrival at full maturity with the St George series of 1865 7.

Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones (1833 98) emerged from a solitary, motherless childhood to form close friendships with William Morris and such other luminaries of the Victorian art world as Dante Gabriel Rossetti and John Ruskin. A second generation Pre-Raphaelite and founder member of the Morris firm, he was influential in many areas, from painting, stained glass and tapestry design to book illustration. His later work, including such iconic paintings as The Wheel of Fortune, The Golden Stairs (which caused a sensation when exhibited at the Grosvenor Gallery) and The Sleep of Arthur in Avalon, influenced and exemplified the Aesthetic Movement, and inspired the European Symbolists. His wife, Georgiana Burne-Jones (1840 1920), published this engaging two-volume biography in 1904. Volume 2 hints at the emotional turmoil behind paintings like Love Among the Ruins, reveals the impact of his visits to Italy, and usefully contextualises the haunting masterpieces of his later years.

Photography, both in the form of contemporary practice and that of historical material, now occupies a significant place in the citadels of Western art culture. It has an institutional network of its own, embedded within the broader art world, with its own specialists including critics, curators, collectors, dealers and conservators. All of this cultural activity consolidates an artistic practice and critical discourse of photography that distinguishes what is increasingly termed 'art photography' from its commercial, scientific and amateur guises. But this long-awaited recognition of photography as high art brings new challenges. How will photography's newly privileged place in the art world affect how the history of creative photography is written? Modernist claims for the medium as having an aesthetic often turned on precedents from painting. Postmodernism challenged a cultural hierarchy organized around painting. Nineteenth-century photographs move between the symbolic spaces of the gallery wall and the archive: de-contextualized for art and re-contextualized for history. But what of the contemporary writings, images, and practices that negotiated an aesthetic status for 'the photographic'? Photography and the Arts revisits practices both celebrated and elided by the modernist and postmodernist grand narratives of art and photographic history in order to open up new critical spaces. Written by leading scholars in the fields of photography, art and literature, the book examines the metaphorical as well as the material exchanges between photography and the fine, graphic, reproductive and sculptural arts.

En 1901, deprimido por el suicidio de su intimo amigo, Carles Casagemas, Picasso se sumerge en los lienzos austeros y melancolicos del Periodo Azul. Con solo veintidos anos de edad y desesperadamente pobre, decide restringir su paleta a colores predominantemente frios, sugerentes de la nocturnidad, el misterio y la muerte. Su creciente obsesion con estos temas alcanza su punto culminante con La vie, un lienzo emblematico de la relacion del pintor con la muerte, considerada una fuerza malefica con la que uno debe enfrentarse mediante el poder del exorcismo que le ha sido otorgado como artista/chaman. Esta pintura se ha interpretado como una referencia al ciclo de la vida, existiendo en ella referencias autobiograficas inequivocas. Los bosquejos preliminares muestran sin la menor duda que la figura masculina es un autorretrato del artista. Picasso posteriormente reemplazaria su imagen con la de Casagemas. El critico John Richardson ha sugerido que al sustituir la imagen del suicida por la de un autorretrato, Picasso se conmemora a si mismo, disfrazado como el amigo muerto. Al igual que todas las mascaras, la que Picasso coloca sobre el propio rostro en La vie tiene una funcion metamorfica, revelando al mismo tiempo que oculta. En la carrera artistica picassiana, la mascara se constituye en un objeto que de forma intencionada desestabiliza la identidad del sujeto: llevar una puesta, literal o simbolicamente, significa dejar de ser uno mismo; despojarse de ella supone mostrar una verdad potencialmente mas profunda. El libro analiza el concepto de la mascara desde una perspectiva lacaniana y describe diferentes periodos en la carrera artistica de Picasso con el fin de definir, en lo posible, la compleja personalidad del artista.

This volume explores the characteristics of the art and literature of the Second Empire in France; it examines the attitudes and positioning of artists and writers of the period in relation to a regime of dubious legitimacy, and the ways in which that regime exploited to its advantage the artistic capital available to it. -- .

Latin Blackness in Parisian Visual Culture, 1852-1932 examines an understudied visual language used to portray Latin Americans in mid-19th to early 20th-century Parisian popular visual media. It charts how the term "Latinize" was introduced to connect France’s early 19th-century endeavors to create Latin America—an expansion of the French empire into the Latin-language speaking Spanish and Portuguese Americas—to its perception of the people who lived there. Elites who traveled to Paris from their newly independent nations in the 1840s were denigrated in visual media, rather than depicted as equals in a developing global economy. Darkened skin, brushed onto images of Latin Americans of European descent, mitigated their ability to claim the privileges of their ancestral heritage; whitened skin, among other codes, imposed on depictions of Black Latin Americans denied their Blackness and rendered them relatively assimilatable compared to colonial Africans, Black people from the Caribbean, and African Americans. In addition to identifying 19th-century Latinizing codes, this book focuses on shifts in latinizing visuality between 1890 and 1933 through three case studies: the depictions of popular Cuban circus entertainer Chocolat; representations of Panamanian World Bantamweight Champion boxer Alfonso Teofilo Brown; and paintings of Black Uruguayans created by Pedro Figari, a Uruguayan artist, during his residence in Paris between 1925 and 1933.

The Victorian Artist, first published in 2003, examines the origins, development, and explosion of biographical literature on artists in Britain between 1870 and 1910. Analyzing a variety of narrative modes, including gossip, anecdotes, and serialization, as well as the differences among genres - autobiographies, family biographies, biographical histories, and dictionaries - Julie Codell discerns and articulates the multiple, often conflicting identities that were ascribed to artists collectively and as individuals. Her study demonstrates how this body of literature, combined with images of artists' bodies, their works and their studios, reflected anxiety over economic exchanges in the art world, aestheticism, and the desire to tame artists in order to fit them into an emerging national identity as a way of socializing new audiences of readers and spectators. Her book provides a sociological and cultural overview of the art world in Britain in the decades before World War I.

The celebrated Victorian narrative painter William Powell Frith (1819-1909) was a born raconteur. His two-volume autobiography of 1887 ran to three editions in the same year. The third edition is reissued here, together with its supplementary volume of 1888. Frith was an ideal commentator on his age. He never lost his early interest in literary and historical subjects, and moved in the highest artistic and literary circles. Yet he also saw himself as a man of the people. His most famous works were his 'modern-life' panoramas, Ramsgate Sands (1854), Derby Day (1858) and The Railway Station (1862). Discussing such projects, he reflects on everything from costume to portraiture, art dealers to female artists, and even picture frames. In particular, Volume 3 records the breakdown of the talented Richard Dadd, Frith's admiration for Daniel Maclise, John Tenniel and George du Maurier, and reflections on the vagaries of fashions in art.

The celebrated Victorian narrative painter William Powell Frith (1819-1909) was a born raconteur. His two-volume autobiography of 1887 ran to three editions in the same year. The third edition is reissued here, together with its supplementary volume of 1888. Frith was an ideal commentator on his age. He never lost his early interest in literary and historical subjects, and moved in the highest artistic and literary circles. Yet he also saw himself as a man of the people. His most famous works were his 'modern-life' panoramas, Ramsgate Sands (1854), Derby Day (1858) and The Railway Station (1862). Discussing such projects, he reflects on everything from costume to portraiture, art dealers to female artists, and even picture frames. In Volume, 2 Frith discusses his Hogarthian subjects, 'Dickens and his Beard' (the story behind the famous portrait), and his last great crowd scene, A Private View at the Royal Academy (1883).

The celebrated Victorian narrative painter William Powell Frith (1819-1909) was a born raconteur. His two-volume autobiography of 1887 ran to three editions in the same year. The third edition is reissued here, together with its supplementary volume of 1888. Frith was an ideal commentator on his age. He never lost his early interest in literary and historical subjects, and moved in the highest artistic and literary circles. Yet he also saw himself as a man of the people. His most famous works were his 'modern-life' panoramas, Ramsgate Sands (1854), Derby Day (1858) and The Railway Station (1862). Discussing such projects, he reflects on everything from costume to portraiture, art dealers to female artists, and even picture frames. Volume 1 covers his childhood, training, friendships with Dickens and others, and the phenomenal success of his first crowd scenes, up to and including The Marriage of the Prince of Wales (1865).

How did Victorians, as creators and viewers of images, visualize the politics of franchise reform? This study of Victorian art and parliamentary politics, specifically in the 1840s and 1860s, answers that question by viewing the First and Second Reform Acts from the perspectives offered by Ruskin's political theories of art and Bagehot's visual theory of politics. Combining subjects and approaches characteristic of art history, political history, literary criticism and cultural critique, Picturing Reform in Victorian Britain treats both paintings and wood engravings, particularly those published in Punch and the Illustrated London News. Carlisle analyzes unlikely pairings - a novel by Trollope and a painting by Hayter, an engraving after Leech and a high-society portrait by Landseer - to argue that such conjunctions marked both everyday life in Victorian Britain and the nature of its visual politics as it was manifested in the myriad heterogeneous and often incongruous images of illustrated journalism.

This 1990 volume represented the first fully developed study of the eminent American artist and inventor Samuel F. B. Morse (1791-1872). It reveals his prodigious achievements in painting and technology, his passionate ambitions, and his key role in the development of American art. While covering the artist's entire career, Professor Staiti gives particular attention to three of his most extraordinary artistic achievements: the House of Representatives, the Gallery of the Louvre and the National Academy of Design. In a final chapter, on the electromagnetic telegraph, an invention that imprinted Morse's name on our language, there is a discussion of the conceptual relationship between artistic and mechanical invention. Also contained in the book is the first comprehensive listing of the three hundred works of art, both extant and lost, that Morse is known to have produced. This landmark book offers an arresting profile of an enormously complex figure.

Time and the visual sense were two essential preoccupations of the Victorians, and both were central to their presentations of Shakespeare's plays. In this extensive new study, Stuart Sillars examines multiple facets of this complex relationship. The desire for authenticity in production, in the work of Charles Kean and his followers, leads to elaborate sets that define and direct the performances' movement through time. Visual artists of all kinds fracture and extend the plays' movements, the Pre-Raphaelites through new techniques and approaches, illustrators through new forms of engraving and printing, and photographers through the emerging forms of the medium. The book also considers the multiple forms in which performances were recorded and re-created visually, and absorbed into the memories of their viewers. With many previously unpublished images, it draws together multiple fields to offer a new perspective on one of the most productive and various periods of Shakespeare activity.