Foreword by Sir Charles Huxtable KCB CBE, Commander in Chief, UK Land Forces, 1988-1990. In Great Britain today there are thousands of individuals who, having served their country, have been unable to return themselves to health in mind and body, and who require specialist help and care. This book tells the story of the horrors and fears veterans could not leave behind on the battlefield, and which continue to haunt them and disrupt their lives, and those close to them. It is an essential guide to a wide range of battle stress, war-experience and mental conditions. The case histories and types of patient will be of interest to the Caring Professions, the Social Services, the Armed Forces, and to all Families with members serving, or who have served, in the Armed Forces.

The My Lai Massacre was the most publicized incident subjected to military law during the Vietnam War, but military lawyers in all the service branches had their hands full with less-publicized desertions, drug use, rapes, fraggings, black marketeering, and even small claims. William Allison reveals how the military justice system responded to crimes and infractions both inside and outside the combat zone and how it adapted to an unconventional political, military, and social climate as American involvement escalated. In taking readers to war-torn Vietnam, Allison's study depicts a transitional period in the history of the Uniform Code of Military Justice, which was revised in 1968. Reflecting American beliefs in discipline and efficiency in military operations, the Code and its implementation were viewed as an integral facet of pacification and counterinsurgency programs. As Allison makes clear, military law and justice in Vietnam were not intended merely as behavioral controls but were also promoted to the Vietnamese as American ideals: respect for the rule of law and an example of the best that democracy had to offer. American military law and lawyers made near - daily contact with the Vietnamese people, and those interactions open an unusual window on the war and also shed light on contemporary military operations and nation-building missions. Based on deep research into wartime archives and interviews with participants in that conflict (including his own father, a Marine Corps lawyer who served in Vietnam), Allison offers a reflective and well-rounded picture of daily life for military lawyers in Vietnam. That portrait also illuminates the complexities of trying to impose military law and justice on a foreign culture not accustomed to Western-style democracy. As Allison shows, while the difficulties were great and military justice may have fallen short of its goals, as in the My Lai case, military lawyers conducted themselves with honor in Vietnam. And as military crimes in Iraq dominate today's news and military justice in a combat zone continues to challenge our democratic ideals, his book provides critical insight into the historical process that underlies American military law today.

A historic opportunity without precedent is gradually becoming reality in the 21st Century with the chance taken to pave the way in the period 1990-2000 towards the organisation of defence in Europe. The corresponding conditions have been brought about by concrete steps taken at the Masstricht, Amsterdam, Cologne, Helsinki, and Nice European Council meetings. In the end, the EU/WEU is developing into an 'equal' partner to the US by assuming greater responsibility in the security and defence sphere. The French and German bilateral relationship - which is the driving force behind every European integration process - is the historical force behind this development of the ultimate desire to reach a robust European 'Pillar of Defence' through reconfiguration of the transatlantic relationship. This book provides the first comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of German and French approaches to the European 'Pillar of Defence' from the view of 'Europeanisation' emanating from the process of integration.

""Fever of War" adds an important dimension to knowled of the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919."
--David Killingray, Goldsmiths College, University of London

aIt is a must read for anyone interested in military or health care history.a--"Nursing History Review"

Fever of War is well written, meticulously researched, and poses much food for thought.a
&$151;"On Point"

"Prof. Byerly's superb research and writing bring to life an event that held the world in its terrible grasp for more than a year. Compelling and enlightening, "Fever of War" is well worth the reading."
--"Armchair General Magazine"

"This is a well-written, well-researched book that generally statys tightly on topic"--H-War

"Byerly's book provides a wealth of fascinating detail. Everyone with an interest in the 1918-19 pandemic will profit from reading it"--Journal of the History of Medicine

"A significant contribution to both military, social, and medical history. . . . Fills a void and provides a valuable corrective to a literature that ignored the role of the army in creating conditions that maximized mortality, glorified the role of the military, and provided explanations that shifted responsibility to individual and racial susceptibilities."
--"American Historical Review"

"In this lucid, well-focused book, Byerly (Univ. of Colorado) examines the 1918 influenza pandemic as experienced by the American Expeditionary Force. In writing this important analysis, Byerly joins scholars such as Alfred Crosby, whose classic study America's Forgotten Pandemic: The Influenza of 1918 remains the benchmark, and John Barry, whose The Great Influenza: The Epic Story of the Deadliest Plague inHistory focuses on the role of public health. Byerly's prose is exceptionally clear and elegant. Highly recommended."
--"Choice"

a" Fever of War" is handsome, readable, and extensively researched.a
--JAMA

"In this era of threats of anthrax, smallpox, SARS, and bird flue, are we any less assured of our ability to conquer disease than the generation of 1918? Perhaps Byerly's account of the great influenza epidemic is a clarion call to wake us from our own hubris."
--"Military Review"

aByerlyas book provides a wealth of fascinating detail. Everyone with an interest in the 1918a19 pandemic will profit from reading it.a
--"Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences"

aa]a significant contribution to both military, social, and medical historya].fills a void and provides a valuable corrective to a literature that ignored the role of the army in creating conditions that maximized mortality, glorified the role of the military, and provided explanations that shifted responsibility to individual and racial susceptibilities.a--"American Historical Review"

""Fever of War" is an outstanding addition to the literature on U.S. participation in World War I . . . based on exhaustive research and thorough engagement with the published scholarship in medical, military, and social history. An important book whose fluently written exposition is well balanced between rigorous analysis and sensitive attention to the human beings--doctors and victims alike--who worked and suffered through the pandemic."
--Robert H. Zieger, author of "America's Great War: The American Experience in World War I"

""Fever of War" is handsome, readable, and extensively researched...It is awell-priced and wonderful addition to the historical literature and highly recommended to anyone with an interest in the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919."
--Burke A. Cunha, MD, "The Journal of the American Medical Association"

""Fever of War" makes a powerful argument. One cannot walk away from the book without grasping the significant, tragic impact of influenza on U.S. troops in WWI, and how difficult that impact was for the nation's citizens to bear." --"Boulder Daily Camera"

The influenza epidemic of 1918 killed more people in one year than the Great War killed in four, sickening at least one quarter of the world's population. In "Fever of War," Carol R. Byerly uncovers the startling impact of the 1918 influenza epidemic on the American army, its medical officers, and their profession, a story which has long been silenced. Through medical officers' memoirs and diaries, official reports, scientific articles, and other original sources, Byerly tells a grave tale about the limits of modern medicine and warfare.

The tragedy begins with overly confident medical officers who, armed with new knowledge and technologies of modern medicine, had an inflated sense of their ability to control disease. The conditions of trench warfare on the Western Front soon outflanked medical knowledge by creating an environment where the influenza virus could mutate to a lethal strain. This new flu virus soon left medical officers' confidence in tatters as thousands of soldiers and trainees died under their care. They also were unable to convince the War Department to reduce the crowding of troops aboard ships and in barracks which were providing ideal environments for the epidemic to thrive.After the war, and given their helplessness to control influenza, many medical officers and military leaders began to downplay the epidemic as a significant event for the U. S. army, in effect erasing this dramatic story from the American historical memory.

Shedding light on an understudied form of opposition to the Vietnam War, Michael Foley tells the story of draft resistance, the cutting edge of the antiwar movement at the height of the war's escalation. Unlike so-called draft dodgers, who evaded the draft by leaving the country or by securing a draft deferment by fraudulent means, draft resisters openly defied draft laws by burning or turning in their draft cards. Like civil rights activists before them, draft resisters invited prosecution and imprisonment.

Focusing on Boston, one of the movement's most prominent centers, Foley reveals the crucial role of draft resisters in shifting antiwar sentiment from the margins of society to the center of American politics. Their actions inspired other draft-age men opposed to the war--especially college students--to reconsider their place of privilege in a draft system that offered them protections and sent disproportionate numbers of working-class and minority men to Vietnam. This recognition sparked the change of tactics from legal protest to mass civil disobedience, drawing the Johnson administration into a confrontation with activists who were largely suburban, liberal, young, and middle class--the core of Johnson's Democratic constituency.

Examining the day-to-day struggle of antiwar organizing carried out by ordinary Americans at the local level, Foley argues for a more complex view of citizenship and patriotism during a time of war.

Presents case studies of defense reform initiatives in more than twenty countries Written by the top experts in the field, including government officials, think tank analysts, academics, and military officers Beginning with the landslide political changes in Europe in the early 1990s, politicians and military planners started to contemplate the possible effects on military postures. Most countries, however, did not enforce plans for post-Cold War reform because they lacked political will and money, their conservative militaries resisted, and they felt no real pressure from any clear and present threat. September 11 was seen in many cases as a loud wake-up call, but nonetheless it did not elicit a clear response. Even in the United States, where calls for defense reform were the strongest, real defense reform seems to be another casualty of the terrorist attacks. Fortunately, debates have begun about the future of military forces, the "revolution in military affairs, " and the plans for NATO and European security and defense cooperation. Whether these initial discussions will lead to real strategic thinking, to threat analysis, and finally to a meaningful strategic review is uncertain. This publication serves as a timely contribution to the debate on determining which lessons have, and have not, been learned--while suggesting possible courses for the way ahead.

Sixty years after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor and FDR's Executive Order 9066 making possible the incarceration of over 110,000 Americans of Japanese descent (two thirds of them American citizens) one question remains unresolved: "Could it happen again?" To the writers in this book--novelists, memoirists, poets, activists, scholars, students, professionals--the WWII internment of Japanese Americans in the detention camps of the west is an unfinished chapter of American history. Former internees and their children join with others in challenging readers to construct a better future by confronting the past. This is a fresh look at a compelling story, that continues to tarnish the American dream.

While Jewish-Americans have been in the forefront of history since the inception of the Republic, little is known about Jews in the military. This book contains dozens of stories of Jewish GI's.

This volume contains revelations of the U.S. Army's history of anti-Semitism throughout the 20th century that exposes pervasive suspicion and hatred of the Jews among the highest levels of the American military. Although pervasive anti-Semitism of ordinary Germans in the first half of the 20th-century has received much attention, little has been written about America's own history of anti-Semitism. In this book, Joseph Bendersky argues that such racism permeated the highest ranks of the U.S. military throughout the past century, having a very real effect on policy decisions. Through 10 years of research in more than 35 archives, the author has uncovered irrefutable evidence of an endemic and virulent anti-Semitism throughout the Army Corps from the turn of the century right up to the 1970s. These sources reveal how the Secret Americans (a group of officers who described themselves as true patriots and who felt silenced by Roosevelt) were convinced of the physical, intellectual, and moral inferiority of Jews and feared that their superior Anglo-Saxon/Nordic culture was threatened by a radical and destabilizing Jewish conspiracy.

What will the post-Taliban government of Afghanistan look like? How will the war in Afghanistan affect the already unstable politics of Central Asia? In "War at the Top of the World," veteran foreign correspondent Eric Margolis presents a revelatory history of the complicated and volatile conflicts that have entangled Afghanistan, Pakistan, the United States, the Soviet Union, and many others.
By 1999, Pakistan had proven they have medium-range nuclear weapons, and now the threat that their government could be taken over by a radical Islamic fundamentalist faction is stronger than ever. In fact, Osama bin Laden has already claimed to have a nuclear weapon. How could this have happened? Margolis plays witness to the escalating conflicts of the past decade, tracing disputes over Afghanistan, as well as those ever neighboring Kashmir and Tibet, back to their Cold War roots, exploring clashes that continue to threaten to destabilize the region today.
Combining vivid first-hand accounts of a war correspondent with a historical and strategic overview of the region, Margolis guides the reader through the geopolitical complexities of the area and its key players. He offers a clear, concise analysis of a complicated and little-understood part of the world that is home to a quarter of the world's population. Fascinating and now more timely than ever, "War at the Top of the World" is an extraordinary read for anyone interested in the current global balance of power.

This fascinating and powerful collection of first-hand accounts--prepared with the assistance of the Pearl Harbor Survivors Association--brings to vivid life one of the most fateful days in American history.
Here, in their own words, survivors of the attack--from all branches of the service--recall what it was like to witness this momentous event as it happened. Dramatic and compelling, these living memories offer a rare look inside the hearts and minds of American heroes--and an invaluable record of American history.

This book is an examination of American war and military operations casualty lists and statistics. It provides tables, compiled by sources at the Department of Defense (DOD), indicating the number of fatalities and numbers of wounded among American military personnel serving in principal wars and combat actions from the Revolutionary War to the current Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, as well as operations in Afghanistan and related conflicts.

KC-X is the first of three planned programs intended to recapitalise the Air Force's air refuelling fleet. Eventually, the KC-X program is expected to acquire 179 new, commercial off-the-shelf airliners modified to accomplish air refuelling. The program is expected to cost $35 billion. Both Boeing and a consortium consisting of Northrop Grumman and European Aeronautic Deference and Space Company (EADS) competed for KC-X. Boeing offered a variant of the 767-200, while Northrop Grumman submitted a version of the Airbus 330-200. On February 29, 2008, the Air Force awards the KC-X contract to Northrop Grumman. The initial $12.1 billion KC-X contract covers purchase the first 68 KC-45s of the anticipated 179 aircraft. Boeing protested the Air Force's decision to the Government Accountability Office (GAO). GAO upheld the Boeing protest, and in July, Defense Secretary Robert Gates announced that he would reopen the tanker competition. This book explains the protests and issues surrounding the Air Force refuelling tanker competition. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

In today's volunteer military many recruits enlist for the educational benefits, yet a significant number of veterans struggle in the classroom, and many drop out. The difficulties faced by student veterans have been attributed to various factors: poor academic preparation, PTSD and other postwar ailments, and allegedly antimilitary sentiments on college campuses. In Grateful Nation Ellen Moore challenges these narratives by tracing the experiences of Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans at two California college campuses. Drawing on interviews with dozens of veterans, classroom observations, and assessments of the work of veteran support organizations, Moore finds that veterans' academic struggles result from their military training and combat experience, which complicate their ability to function in civilian schools. While there is little evidence of antimilitary bias on college campuses, Moore demonstrates the ways in which college programs that conflate support for veterans with support for the institutional military lead to suppression of campus debate about the wars, discourage antiwar activism, and encourage a growing militarization.

What did you do in the war, daddy?' It's a classic question - and maybe one that expected the answer to be stories of brave attacks on enemy lines, pressing forward against overwhelming odds. But to Gethin Russell-Jones, the question was not one to ask - he knew what his father had done and, growing up, would have summed his father's contribution to the war effort under one word: 'Nothing.' As a conscientious objector, and despite the fact that his fiancA (c)e was cracking German codes at Bletchley during the Second World War, John Russell-Jones exhibited a different kind of courage to that shown by most of his peers. Convinced that Christ's teaching forbade him to take the life of another, he faced ignominy, insults, and opposition, from the state, his friends, and even his own family. As an adult, Gethin decided it was time to look for the man his father had been, and to see if he could regain respect for him. And as he finds out what led his father to the decision he made, he discovers a man he never really knew - one who was prepared to suffer for an unpopular and unfashionable belief, and who exhibited a different kind of courage in doing so.

Military Sexual Trauma: Current Knowledge and Future Directions showcases the work of several prominent military sexual trauma (MST) researchers, scholars, and clinicians from across the United States. A review of existing research and original empirical findings converge to indicate that MST contributes to a range of physical health problems, complex posttraumatic responses, and other mental health consequences above and beyond the effects of other types of traumatic experiences. This collection also presents evidence suggesting that MST is often difficult to identify both within the individual military member and within the military population as a whole. Recommendations are offered for addressing this problem. In addition to the research review and empirical findings, an evolutionary framework for understanding sexual assault of women in the military is presented. Taken together, this collection of works may inform MST intervention and prevention efforts. This book was originally published as a special issue of Journal of Trauma & Dissociation.

The sixth in a series of congressionally mandated reports on Gulf War veterans' health, this volume evaluates the health effects associated with stress. Since the launch of Operation Desert Storm in 1991, there has been growing concern about the physical and psychological health of Gulf War and other veterans. In the late 1990s, Congress responded by asking the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to review and evaluate the scientific and medical literature regarding associations between illness and exposure to toxic agents, environmental or wartime hazards, and preventive medicines or vaccines in members of the armed forces who were exposed to such agents. Deployment to a war zone has a profound impact on the lives of troops and on their family members. There are a plethora of stressors associated with deployment, including constant vigilance against unexpected attack, difficulty distinguishing enemy combatants from civilians, concerns about survival, caring for the badly injured, and witnessing the death of a person. Less traumatic but more pervasive stressors include anxiety about home life, such as loss of a job and income, impacts on relationships, and absence from family. The focus of this report, by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee on Gulf War and Health: Physiologic, and Psychosocial Effects of Deployment-Related Stress, is the long-term effects of deployment-related stress. Gulf War and Health: Volume 6. Physiologic, and Psychosocial Effects of Development Related Stress evaluates the scientific literature regarding association between deployment-related stressors and health effects, and provides meaningful recommendations to remedy this problem. Table of Contents Front Matter SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 2 CONSIDERATIONS IN IDENTIFYING AND EVALUATING THE LITERATURE 3 DEPLOYMENT-RELATED STRESSORS 4 THE STRESS RESPONSE 5 POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 6 HEALTH EFFECTS 7 PSYCHOSOCIAL EFFECTS 8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS INDEX

Submarines had a vital, if often unheralded, role in the superpower navies during the Cold War. Their crews carried out intelligence-collection operations, sought out and stood ready to destroy opposing submarines, and, from the early 1960s, threatened missile attacks on their adversary s homeland, providing in many respects the most survivable nuclear deterrent of the Cold War. For both East and West, the modern submarine originated in German U-boat designs obtained at the end of World War II. Although enjoying a similar technology base, by the 1990s the superpowers had created submarine fleets of radically different designs and capabilities. Written in collaboration with the former Soviet submarine design bureaus, Norman Polmar and K. J. Moore authoritatively demonstrate in this landmark study how differing submarine missions, antisubmarine priorities, levels of technical competence, and approaches to submarine design organizations and management caused the divergence.

In 1960, the Imperial War Museum began a momentous and important task. A team of academics, archivists and volunteers set about tracing WWI veterans and interviewing them at length in order to record the experiences of ordinary individuals in war. The IWM aural archive has become the most important archive of its kind in the world. Authors have occasionally been granted access to the vaults, but digesting the thousands of hours of footage is a monumental task. (There are over 2,500 interviews, some as long as 20 hours long). As a result, those seeking first-person quotations for their works have only used a tiny fraction of the available pre-transcribed material Now, 40 years on, the Imperial War Museum has at last given author Max Arthur and his team of researchers unlimited access to the complete WWI tapes. These are the forgotten voices of an entire generation of survivors of the Great War. Their stories have rested unheard for almost half a century, and nearly all of those interviewed have since passed away. The resulting book is an important, unique and compelling story of WWI in the words of those who experienced it.

Why are those devastated by war or other military experiences called mentally ill? The standard treatment of therapy and drugs can actually be harmful, and huge numbers of suffering veterans from earlier eras demonstrate its inadequacy.   Most of us are both war-illiterate and military-illiterate. Caplan proposes that we welcome veterans back into our communities and listen to their experiences, one-on-one. Beginning a long overdue national discussion about the realities of war and the military will help us bridge the dangerous chasms between veterans and nonveterans.  

CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title, 2022 A cultural history of how white men exploited the image of the Vietnam veteran to roll back civil rights and restake their claim on the nation. “If war among the whites brought peace and liberty to the blacks,� Frederick Douglass asked in 1875, peering into the nation’s future, “what will peace among the whites bring?� The answer then and now, after civil war and civil rights: a white reunion disguised as a veterans’ reunion.   How White Men Won the Culture Wars shows how a broad contingent of white men––conservative and liberal, hawk and dove, vet and nonvet––transformed the Vietnam War into a staging ground for a post–civil rights white racial reconciliation. Conservatives could celebrate white vets as raceless embodiments of the nation. Liberals could treat them as minoritized heroes whose voices must be heard. Erasing Americans of color, Southeast Asians, and women from the war, white men with stories of vets on their mind could agree, after civil rights and feminism, that they had suffered and deserved more. From the POW/MIA and veterans’ mental health movements to Rambo and “Born in the U.S.A.,� they remade their racial identities for an age of color blindness and multiculturalism in the image of the Vietnam vet. No one wins in a culture war—except, Joseph Darda argues, white men dressed in army green.

Terrorism motivated by Islamist religious ideology has been on the rise for the last forty years and has been called the "fourth wave" of terrorism. Generally speaking, the previous Anarchist, Nationalist, and Marxist waves arose out of some combination of geo-political events and local grievances. The current wave, however, did not seem to arise out of any analogous conditions. While there were certainly events that helped catalyze Islamist movements, these events did not seem to create the specific grievances that would lead us to expect the wave of terrorism that followed. In other words, our commonly held notions - of how changes in structural conditions lead to grievances that, in turn, give rise to terrorism - fail to explain the current Islamist wave of terrorism. Absent a better explanation of this current wave of terrorism, our understanding of it is flawed, as are the policies and actions taken to mitigate and defeat it. In The Global Spread of Islamism and the Consequences for Terrorism, Michael Freeman examines the causes of terrorism, and how potential causal factors have changed over time by looking at several key events of 1979, how these events created incentives for different actors to spread the supply of Islamism, the institutions that they created in various countries, and the terrorists coming out of these institutions. 1979 marked the emergence of revolutionary Islam as a global political force, the beginning of market revolutions in China and Britain that would radically alter the international economy, and the first stirrings of the resistance movements in Eastern Europe and Afghanistan that ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union. By tracing the conflict in Syria, terrorism and sectarianism in Iraq, the war in Yemen, the nuclear and missile programs, the security apparatus in Iran, and fundamentalist operations around the world, Michael Freeman looks at the broader, and more accepted (and not necessarily violent) ideology from which many Islamic terrorists eventually arise.