Water, sanitary and waste services represent a substantial proportion of the cost of construction, averaging 10% of the capital costs of building and with continuing costs in operation and maintenance. Nevertheless, they are often regarded as a 'Cinderella' within the building process. Parts of many different codes and regulations impact on these services, making an overall viewpoint more difficult to get.This new edition of this classic text draws together material from a variety of sources to provide the comprehensive coverage not available elsewhere. It is a resource for the sound design, operation and maintenance of these services and should be on the bookshelf of every building services engineer and architect.

Modeling Tools for Environmental Engineers and Scientists enables environmental professionals, faculty, and students with minimal computer programming skills to develop computer-based mathematical models for natural and engineered environmental systems. The author illustrates how commercially available syntax-free authoring software can be adapted to create customized, high-level models of environmental phenomena in groundwater, soil, aquatic, and atmospheric systems, and in engineered reactors.

This book includes a review of mathematical modeling and fundamental concepts such as material balance, reactor configurations, and fate and transport of environmental contaminants. It illustrates, using numerous examples, how mathematical and dynamic modeling software can be applied in analyzing and simulating natural and engineered environmental systems. The tools and examples included are applicable to a wide range of problems, both in the classroom and in the field.

During the 19th century, the engineering of ports and harbours became a large and specialised branch of the profession. This development began in ports in physically difficult locations and may be particularly identified with the growth of the Port of Liverpool. Stimulated by the arrival of ever-larger steamships and the heavy investment in port facilities that they demanded, it spread around much of the world. The opening papers give examples of what could be achieved in antiquity; the following ones set out the advances in design and technology from 1700 to the start of this century - and note some of the failures and recurrent problems. They also illustrate the critical importance of political and economic factors in determining what the engineers achieved.

This monograph provides an overview of the principles required for a service orientation in the management of irrigation and drainage systems. The material covered is designed to emphasize an area largely neglected in the irrigation and drainage management literature. The dominating philosophy underlying this book is that irrigation and drainage systems must be managed as a service business responsive to the needs and changing requirements of its customers. It is postulated that this service approach to the management of irrigation and drainage systems consitutes a key element of the startegy that is needed to improve the current level of performance of many irrigation and drainage systems worldwide. Enhanced performance of irrigation is a prerequisite if we are to face the enormous challenge of producing greater quantities of food to meet the demand of a growing population. This is particularly the case in an environment with increasing competition for water from industry and urban water users, set against mounting concerns about environmental sustainability.

Dams have been used to control water for thousands of years, with the oldest known dam being a small earthen structure in present-day Jordan dating to c.4000 BCE. Since then, cultures throughout the world have practised the art of dam-building and the technology has evolved in myriad ways. The papers selected here examine the key technical issues influencing dam construction from ancient times to the early 20th century. In addition they illustrate why various human societies have built dams and how 'social' (or seemingly 'non-technical') factors have influenced the process of dam design. Though hydraulic engineering is the primary focus of the book, it also reveals a keen interest in questions of water resources and environmental history.

This text contains 40 papers selected from the 21st WEDC conference, held in Kampala in 1995, on the theme of sustainability of water and sanitation systems.;Developing countries experience special difficulties in maintaining systems in full working order, so maintenance is a recurring topic. Other topics include the sustainable development of underground and surface water resources, and sustainable hygiene education to enable communities to derive long-term benefits from new or improved facilities.;The majority of the papers in this book are based on practical experience in trying to ensure that the systems in which the authors were involved were planned for, and implemented, with long term sustainability in mind. Most of the experience presented is from across Africa.

This text methodically demonstrates the basic rules for the design criteria of earthfill and rockfill dams. It expertly guides the reader from preliminary work through the design of various embankment dams and on to the construction and finally the control of safety in completed structures.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) publishes several series of documents that provide up-to-date information about environmental site assessment and remediation. The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook includes papers and bulletins that focus on remediation of soil and groundwater, making them available in a convenient form. This book compiles thirty-five documents- written by recognized leaders - on major methods and promising new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediation. Each chapter evaluates the type of contaminant and site characteristics needed to select a technology for use at hazardous waste sites. The EPA Environmental Engineering Sourcebook presents EPA documents in an easy-to-use, concise format. It contains numerous graphs, charts and figures that make it an important resource for those involved in environmental protection, site remediation, and site assessment. Features -Contains chapters written by recognized leaders -Examines major methods as well as assesses new techniques for hazardous waste treatment and site remediation -Presents information in an easy-to-use, concise format -Evaluates each type of contaminant and site characteristics for selecting technology at hazardous waste sites

Concise Dictionary of Environmental Engineering contains more than 5,200 technical and commerical definitions of terms used in the field of environmental engineering. Topics covered include water treatment and distribution; wastewater treatment and collection; air pollution and treatment; solid waste disposal; and hazardous waste remediation, and more. Commercial terms include the name of the company affiliated with the product, and an appendix lists the names and addresses of all of the 700 companies referenced in the text. As the only technical reference that contains both standard environmental engineering terms and commercial products and processes, this dictionary has the field covered, so you won't need other specialized dictionaries on your shelf.

Environmental challenges have never been greater than today. There is the need for the utmost accuracy in the efforts to track the use, manufacture, processing, treatment, and disposal of toxic and hazardous materials. Legislation passed over the last twenty years has not only resulted in improved environmental quality, but has also created new levels of accountability for today's environmental professional.
This book helps companies meet the ever-growing number of recordkeeping, reporting, and information-management demands. It assists the practicing professional who must keep facility records relating to the generation and managemnet of solid and hazardous waste. Specific guidance is given on the principles of waste material tracking by point of generation and fully loaded waste management cost accounting. Some benefits to tracking by point of generation are:

Water resources engineering entails the assessment, development and management of water resources - such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, groundwater, estuaries and coastal waters - for the benefit of mankind. Design of water resources systems presents a comprehensive coverage of the the design fundamentals of key elements of water resources engineering infrastructure. Through coverage of the basic principles and by using fully-worked examples illustration the application of the basic theory, design of water resources systems follows a typical engineered water cycle for the provision of wholesome drinking water to an urban environment and the collection, treatment and disposal of the municipal wastewater generated. This book will be invaluable to civil and environmental engineers, students in related disciplines, and as a reference work for design engineers and water industry technical personnel.

This text presents up-to-date knowledge regarding lowlands, which are lands affected by fluctuating water levels. By collating and examining relevant information concerning lowlands in one volume, this text should be of use to engineers, planners, managers, administrators and scientists.

Throughout the world, and even in the United States, engineers are tackling the challenges of sustainable development and public health - challenges that engineers are uniquely qualified to address. Yet engineers working abroad on development projects often lack the knowledge and information to design, plan, construct, operate, and maintain technology that is culturally, economically, and geographically appropriate - technology that takes into account gender, does not use significant amounts of fossil fuels, accounts for environmental conditions like water scarcity, and uses local construction materials. This readable and fully illustrated guide is a complete handbook for international engineering service projects that involve water supply and treatment, watersheds, sanitation systems, and indoor air quality. It provides the tools necessary to implement the right technology in developing regions around the world. The authors introduce sustainable engineering and explain how environmental engineering fosters public health, with an emphasis on the relationship between community participation and the success of an engineering project. In addition, this book covers topographical surveying, project planning, watershed management, and construction materials and techniques. Specific technical guidance is offered for the design and construction of multiple systems for water supply, water and wastewater treatment, and flood storage and drainage, as well as solid waste management and indoor air quality improvement. This book is a valuable resource for engineering students, faculty, and practitioners involved with programs like Engineers without Borders, Water for People, and Engineers for a Sustainable World, as well as those affiliated with government groups, international agencies, and charitable organizations.

This volume is an outcome of the conference on physical modelling in coastal engineering in 1981. It consists of a number of papers which cover the following: the generation of waves in the laboratory, the modelling of sediment transport and the application to various engineering problems.

Assessment and Control of VOC Emissions from Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities Thomas T. Shen, Ph.D., Charles Schmidt, Ph.D., and Thomas Card The complications surrounding Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emissions have emerged as a matter of increasing environmental attention and concern, due largely to the huge quantities involved, their known toxicity, and their suspected carcinogenicity. Assessment and Control of VOC Emissions from Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities is the first book to both thoroughly explore the topic and present the entire range of environmentally and economically viable solutions. The authors address the most recent developments, the newest applications, and the latest methodological advances in the field. The book includes sections on:

• waste characterizations, such as vapor pressure, solubility, molecular weights, and more
• emission mechanisms including volatilization, hydrolysis, photodecomposition, biodegradation, and incineration
• various types of VOC emission sources
• the latest regulatory information on The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), and the Clean Air Act (CAA)
• the entire range of measuring and monitoring approaches for assessing VOC emission rates
• VOC pathway analyses
• toxicity, exposure, and basic information about conducting health risk assessments
• all available control technologies and their costs
• elaborate, mathematical models and real-life case studies

This book explains over 3,000 terms (over 200,000 words) and contains over 200 professionally drawn line illustrations. This practical handbook is intended for day to day use as a reference or as a source of enlightenment for anyone associated with the building and construction industry. It also provides comprehensive practical explanations of the many terms listed, giving guidance, examples of use and, in certain cases, cautionary remarks concerning aspects of the applications.

Understanding how to properly manage urban stormwater is a critical concern to civil and environmental engineers the world over. Mismanagement of stormwater and urban runoff results in flooding, erosion, and water quality problems. In an effort to develop better management techniques, engineers have come to rely on computer simulation and advanced mathematical modeling techniques to help plan and predict water system performance. This important book outlines a new method that uses probability tools to model how stormwater behaves and interacts in a combined- or single-system municipal water system. Complete with sample problems and case studies illustrating how concepts really work, the book presents a cost-effective, easy-to-master approach to analytical modeling of stormwater management systems.

Praise for Aquifer Hydraulics . . .

"Very easy to understand and follow, even for complicated applications . . . this book will be a significant addition to the library of individuals who are practicing in the field of geohydrology." —Professor M. M. Aral, Georgia Institute of Technology

"A valuable source of information for every student and practitioner of quantitative hydrogeology. I commend Dr. Batu for the thorough research and dedicated effort that went into the preparation of this book." —Stavros S. Papadopulos, Chairman, S. S. Papadopulos & Associates, Inc.

This book offers the most detailed and comprehensive coverage available of aquifer hydraulics, testing, and analysis for a wide range of aquifer and well types under differing conditions. It presents the theoretical foundations and limitations of existing analytical models for each ground water system, along with an in-depth examination of hydrogeologic data analysis methods. Translating theory into practice, detailed examples illustrate the real-world application of well test techniques—an invaluable aid to readers in the design, execution, and analysis of their own field tests.

With an accompanying computer disk packed with data analysis programs, Aquifer Hydraulics is an essential tool for practicing and aspiring hydrogeologists, environmental engineers, and others involved in aquifer evaluation and protection.

In recent years there has been a revival of interest in the hydraulic ram pump, a renewable energy water-lifting device. "Hydraulic Ram Pumps" aims to introduce the reader to all aspects of ram pumps. It should be useful to technicians and engineers involved in rural water supply, whether they are assessing the suitability of ram pumps, installing a system or contemplating local manufacture. It gives practical guidelines for the installation and operation of water supply systems based on such pumps, as well as describing the operation of the pump and the factors affecting its performance.;The reader is taken through the steps involved in designing and installing a complete system, steps that should be applicable to any model of ram pump available. Details of one pump, designed for local manufacture in developing countries, are given along with some notes on ram pump design for those wishing to develop their own models.;A number of illustrations are used alongside text in order to make the information useful to a wide range of non-specialist readers. Readers are welcome to photocopy the diagrams and add labels in other languages in order for training purposes.

"Well-written and informative." --Richard Lewis, Lewis Information Systems "This [book] combines information which could possibly have required as many as four reference sources in the past." --Steven C. Messer In its first edition, John De Zuane's popular reference drew wide praise for being an insightful theoretical resource. Now, in the second edition of Handbook of Drinking Water Quality, De Zuane builds on that legacy with the same practical and conceptual emphases, adding a wealth of new information that provides immediate access to the data and guidelines needed to

• understand the impact of drinking water parameters on public health
• help build and operate water supply facilities
• conduct reliable drinking water sampling, monitoring, and analytical evaluation
• implement potability standards from the source to the treatment facility, to storage, to the tap
• write new standards and expand/modify existing standards as quickly as needed

• Data and guidelines from the World Health Organization and the European Community used to develop drinking water standards
• U.S. drinking water standards--their physical, chemical, microbiological, and radionuclide parameters and monitoring requirements
• EPA-approved analytical methods and the most effective treatment technologies for each contaminant
• Critical concepts of water qualitycontrol as applied in water treatment in conventional or chemical treatment plants
• Disinfection and fluoridation requirements
• Common problems with water distribution systems, including dead ends, sediments, bacterial growth, insufficient pressure, and main breaks

• All drinking water regulations issued since the previous edition in 1990
• Current drinking water standards adopted by the European Community
• Lead poisoning, radon, and Cryptosporidium
• Compulsory water treatment for lead and copper
• Coliform Rule compliance (disinfection and filtration)
• Trihalomethane reduction with ozonation

This book covers the public health, technical, socioeconomic, sociocultural and institutional aspects of sanitation in towns and cities of developing countries. The text features excreta-related diseases and the use of sanitation to reduce their transmission. The sanitation technologies covered in detail are VIP latrines, pour-flush toilets, septic tanks, settled sewerage and simplified sewerage, with additional chapters on sullage disposal, pit emptying, and sewage treatment and reuse. Sociocultural constraints on sanitation systems and their socioeconomic costing are described, together with hygiene education, which is essential in order to achieve maximum benefits to health. The text also explains how to choose the most appropriate sanitation option for a given low-income community. Finally, institutional aspects are reviewed, including effective sanitation programme planning, monitoring and evaluation.

Written as a reference on effective engineering practice for construction activities in Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions. It is based on many sources around the world including the Soviet Union and China where people live and work in very low temperatures. Provides a broad look at overall problems found by engineers, contractors and builders, including case histories that illustrate actual projects throughout the cold regions of the world.

The book includes a section on cavitation in hydraulic structures and a concise introduction to the physics of cavitation and application to hydraulic structures. It applies the laws of similitude to the use of physical models to improve hydraulic design and computer programs for the numerical solution of unsteady flow in closed and open channels.

The need for improved sanitation around the world is becoming a crisis, and the situation is particularly critical in urban and peri-urban areas in developing countries. Here the population is growing rapidly, and where sanitation is provided, the means to treat and dispose of waste safely is neglected, with huge environmental and public health consequences. Sanitation solutions are needed that are safe for the user and interlinked with other urban services which can treat waste as a resource. This book describes an attempt to create modern, multi-storey urban dwellings that incorporate ecological sanitation into their design, resulting in a clean living space, and deriving safe agricultural inputs from human organic waste. The book highlights the experience of implementing the Erdos Eco-Town Project in Inner Mongolia, China. This remains the largest urban project of urine-diversion dry toilets in the world, serving a population of approximately 3000 people in 4 5 story apartment buildings. The multi-story collection system also links to on-site grey water treatment, a composting center, underground urine tanks, and the agricultural reuse of nutrients. "The Challenges of Urban Ecological Sanitation" describes the technical design, daily operation and maintenance, costs and benefits compared to conventional systems, as well as the challenges in achieving acceptability with users. It includes technical information and illustrations, but also stresses the institutional structure needed to support this system and discusses its long-term sustainability."The Challenges of Urban Ecological Sanitation" should be read by engineers, policy makers, researchers and NGO staff working in the field of water supply and sanitation."

One important precondition for modeling multiphase flow and transport processes in the hydrosystem "subsurface" is the general formulation of a model. The objective of this book is to present a consistent, easily accessible formulation of the fundamental phenomena and concepts, to give a uniform description of mathematical and numerical modeling, and to show the latest developments in the field of simulation of multiphase processes, especially in porous and heterogeneous media. Some general aspects which affect the selection of the relevant processes and the corresponding parameters as well as the mathematical and numerical model concepts are discussed in detail.