We know that the Big Bang of 13 billion years ago saw the birth of the sun and many other planets. It just took an instant for the birth of the universe and the universe has been growing or expanding at the speed of light ever since. There are 100 billion galaxies within the universe and our galaxy is just one of them with over 100 billion stars. The sun which is 90 million miles away from the earth is our own star. The activity on the sun, with its almost constant eruptions of super heated plasma and vast waves of radiation can at times be directed towards the earth. On 15th February 2013, people on their way to work in Chelyabinsk, Russia were to witness an event that happens every fifty to one hundred years. A meteorite, which looked like a fireball, brighter than any of the planets and brighter than the sun, was recorded on the cameras many have in their cars.

Concern exists among an increasing number of scientists throughout the world regarding the possibility of a catastrophic event caused by an impact of a large earth-crossing object (ECO) on the Earth-Moon System (EMS), be it an asteroid or comet. Such events, although rare for large objects (greater than 1 kilometer diameter), are not unprecedented. Indeed, the great upheaval and resulting ice age that marked the extinction of the dinosaurs is thought to have been caused by the impact of a 10 km diameter asteroid. In 1908 a stony asteroid of approximately 50 meters diameter exploded in the air above the Tunguska River in Siberia, producing an equivalent yield of 15-30 megatons of TNT, and leveling over 2,000 square miles of dense forest. Such an event is thought to occur approximately every century. It is only a matter of time before the world finds itself in a crisis situation-a crisis involving the detection of a large ECO, leaving little time to react and resulting in global panic, chaos, and possible catastrophe. Collectively as a global community, no current viable capability exists to defend the EMS against a large ECO, leaving its inhabitants vulnerable to possible death and destruction of untold proportion and even possible extinction of the human race. In this regard, a planetary defense system (PDS) capability should be resourced, developed, and deployed. At this time Planetary Defense is not an assigned or approved mission of the Department of Defense or the Air Force. Such a system would consist of a detection subsystem, command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence (C4I) subsystem and a mitigation subsystem. There are many potential variations of these subsystems which, with advances in novel technologies, will be available by 2025 to develop a credible PDS. We propose a three-tier system developed sequentially in time and space. Such a system would serve not only as a means to preserve life on earth, but also help to unite the global community in a common effort that would promote peaceful cooperation and economic prosperity as related spin-offs and dual uses of novel technologies evolve.

Titan offers a unique opportunity in solar system exploration. It is the smallest known body with an atmosphere. In terms of spacecraft entry dynamics, it has the most accessible atmosphere in the solar system.

Aimed at engineering students and professionals working in the field of mechanics of space flight, this book examines space tether systems - one of the most forward-thinking directions of modern astronautics. The main advantage of this technology is the simplicity, profitability and ecological compatibility: space tethers allow the execution of various manoeuvers in orbit without costs of jet fuel due to the use of gravitational and electromagnetic fields of the Earth. This book will acquaint the reader with the modern state of the space tether's dynamics, with specific attention on the research projects of the nearest decades. This book presents the most effective mathematical models and the methods used for the analysis and prediction of space tether systems' motion; attention is also given to the influence of the tether on spacecraft's motion, to emergencies and chaotic modes.

A photographic study in Selenography (lunar geology), whereby an attempt is made to determine whether there is evidence for extraterrestrial activity of ET aliens and alien artifacts on the moon and Mars. Illustrated with hundreds of B&W NASA pictures 483 pages.

The chemical elements are all around us, and are part of us. The composition of the Earth, and the chemistry that governs the Earth and its biology are rooted in these elements.

By their challenging nature, NASA programs are particularly demanding of technological input. Meeting the aeronautical and space goals of the past four decades has necessitated leading edge advancements across a diverse spectrum that embraces virtually every scientific and technological discipline.

The report, prepared by Prof. Longwell, summarizes the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the working groups. Specifications for an experimental, referee, broad-specification jet fuel are presented. These specifications were developed by Prof. Longwell from the recommendations of the workshop participants and through later consultations with NASA representatives and others.