This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on User Modeling, UM 2001, held in Sonthofen, Germany in July 2001.The 19 revised full papers and 20 poster summaries presented together with summaries of 12 selected student presentations were carefully reviewed and selected from 79 submissions. The book offers topical sections on acquiring user models from multi-modal user input; learning interaction models; user models for natural language interpretation, processing, and generation; adaptive interviewing for acquiring user preferences and product customization; supporting user collaboration through adaptive agents; student modeling; and adaptive information filtering, retrieval, and browsing.

The importance of typed languages for building robust software systems is, by now, an undisputed fact. Years of research have led to languages with richly expressive, yet easy to use, type systems for high-level programming languages. Types provide not only a conceptual framework for language designers, but also a ord positive bene ts to the programmer, principally the ability to express and enforce levels of abstraction within a program. Early compilers for typed languages followed closely the methods used for their untyped counterparts. The role of types was limited to the earliest s- ges of compilation, and they were thereafter ignored during the remainder of the translation process. More recently, however, implementors have come to - cognize the importance of types during compilation and even for object code. Several advantages of types in compilation have been noted to date: { They support self-checking by the compiler. By tracking types during c- pilation it is possible for an internal type checker to detect translation errors at an early stage, greatly facilitating compiler development. { They support certi cation of object code. By extending types to the ge- rated object code, it becomes possible for a code user to ensure the basic integrity of that code by checking its type consistency before execution. { They support optimized data representations and calling conventions, even in the presence of modularity. By passing types at compile-, link-, and even run-time, it is possible to avoid compromises of data representation imposed by untyped compilation techniques.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2001, held in Genova, Italy in April 2001.The 22 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 69 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on program analysis, program transformation, intraprocessor parallelism, parsing, memory hierarchy, profiling, and demos.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing, JSSPP 2001, held in Cambridge, MA, USA, in June 2001.The 11 revised full papers presented were carefully selected and improved during two rounds of reviewing and revision, and present state-of-the-art results in the area.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International COST264 Workshop on Networked Group Communication, NGC 2001, held in London, UK, in November 2001.The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. All current issues in the area are addressed. The papers are organized in topical sections on application-level aspects, group management, performance topics, security, and topology.

This volume contains the papers presented at the International Workshop on Tools for Working with Guidelines, (TFWWG 2000), held in Biarritz, France, in October 2000. It is the final outcome of the International Special Interest Group on Tools for Working with Guidelines.Human-computer interaction guidelines have been recognized as a uniquely relevant source for improving the usability of user interfaces for interactive systems. The range of interactive techniques exploited by these interactive systems is rapidly expanding to include multimodal user interfaces, virtual reality systems, highly interactive web-based applications, and three-dimensional user interfaces. Therefore, the scope of guidelines' sources is rapidly expanding as well, and so are the tools that should support users who employ guidelines to ensure some form of usability.Tools For Working With Guidelines (TFWWG) covers not only software tools that designers, developers, and human factors experts can use to manage multiple types of guidelines, but also looks at techniques addressing organizational, sociological, and technological issues.

This volume contains the papers prepared for the 2nd International Conference on Natural Language Processing, held 2-4 June in Patras, Greece. The conference program features invited talks and submitted papers, c- ering a wide range of NLP areas: text segmentation, morphological analysis, lexical knowledge acquisition and representation, grammar formalism and s- tacticparsing, discourse analysis, languagegeneration, man-machineinteraction, machine translation, word sense disambiguation, and information extraction. The program committee received 71 abstracts, of which unfortunately no more than 50% could be accepted. Every paper was reviewed by at least two reviewers. The fairness of the reviewing process is demonstrated by the broad spread of institutions and countries represented in the accepted papers. So many have contributed to the success of the conference. The primary credit, ofcourse, goes to theauthors andto the invitedspeakers. By theirpapers and their inspired talks they established the quality of the conference. Secondly, thanks should go to the referees and to the program committee members who did a thorough and conscientious job. It was not easy to select the papers to be presented. Last, but not least, my special thanks to the organizing committee for making this conference happ

ETAPS2000 was the third instance of the EuropeanJoint Conferenceson Theory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference that was established in 1998 by combining a number of existing and new conferences. This year it comprised ?ve conferences (FOSSACS, FASE, ESOP, CC, TACAS), ?ve satellite workshops (CBS, CMCS, CoFI, GRATRA, INT), seven invited lectures, a panel discussion, and ten tutorials. The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system - velopment process, including speci?cation, design, implementation, analysis, and improvement. The languages, methodologies, and tools which support these - tivities are all well within its scope. Di?erent blends of theory and practice are represented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation on one hand and soundly-based practice on the other. Many of the issues involved in software design apply to systems in general, including hardware systems, and the emphasis on software is not intended to be exclusive.

ThePKC2000conferencewasheldattheMelbourneExhibitionCentre, Victoria, Australia, January 18-20, 2000. It was the third conference in the international workshop series dedicated to practice and theory in public key cryptography. The program committee of the conference received 70 full submissions from around the world, of which 31 were selected for presentation. All submissions were reviewed by experts in the relevant areas. The program committee consisted of 19 experts in cryptography and data se- rity drawn from the international research community, these being Chin-Chen Chang (National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan), Claude Cr epeau (McGill University, Canada), Ed Dawson (Queensland University of Technology, A- tralia), Yvo Desmedt (Florida State University, USA), Hideki Imai (Co-chair, UniversityofTokyo, Japan), MarkusJakobsson(BellLabs, USA), KwangjoKim (Information and Communications University, Korea), Arjen Lenstra (Citibank, USA), TsutomuMatsumoto(YokohamaNationalUniversity, Japan), DavidN- cache (Gemplus, France), Eiji Okamoto (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA), TatsuakiOkamoto(NTTLabs, Japan), JosefPieprzyk(UniversityofW- longong, Australia), Jean-Jacques Quisquater (Universit e Catholique de L- vain, Belgium), Nigel Smart (HP Labs Bristol, UK), Vijay Varadharajan (U- versity of Western Sydney, Australia), Serge Vaudenay (Ecole Polytechnique F ed erale de Lausanne, Switzerland), Moti Yung (CertCo, USA), and Yuliang Zheng (Co-chair, Monash University, Australia). Members of the committee spent numerous hours in reviewing the submissions and providing advice and comments on the selection of paper

This volume contains the papers presented at the f th workshop on Job SchedulingStrategiesforParallelProcessing, whichwasheldinconjunctionwith the IPPS/SPDP 99conference in San Juan, Puerto Rico, on April 16, 1999.The papers have been through a complete refereeing process, with the full version beingreadandevaluatedbyv etosevenmembersoftheprogramcommittee.We would like to take this opportunity to thank the program committee, Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau, Stephen Booth, Allen Downey, Allan Gottlieb, Atsushi Hori, PhilKrueger, RichardLagerstrom, MironLivny, VirginiaLo, ReaganMoore, Bill Nitzberg, UweSchwiegelshohn, KenSevcik, MarkSquillante, andJohnZahorjan, for an excellent job. Thanks are also due to the authors for their submissions, presentations, and nal revisionsfor this volume. Finally, we wouldlike to thank the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science and the Computer Science Institute at the Hebrew Universityfor the use of their facilities in the preparationof these proceedings. Thiswasthe fth annualworkshopinthis series, whichre?ectsthe continued interest in this eld. The previous four were held in conjunction with IPPS 95 through IPPS/SPDP 98. Their proceedings are available from Springer-Verlag as volumes 949, 1162, 1291, and 1459 of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series. Sinceour rstworkshop, parallelprocessinghas evolvedtothe pointwhereit is no longer synonymous with scienti c computing on massively parallel sup- computers. In fact, enterprise computing on one hand and metasystems on the other hand often overshadow the original uses of parallel processing. This shift has underscored the importance of job scheduling in multi-user parallelsystems. Correspondingly, we had a session in the workshop devoted to job scheduling on standalonesystems, emphasizing gang scheduling, and another on scheduling for meta-systems. A third session continued the trend from previous workshops of discussing evaluation methodology and workloads. Aninnovationthisyearwasapaneldiscussiononthepossiblestandardization ofaworkloadbenchmarkthatwillservefortheevaluationofdi erentsche

This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Scale-Space Theories in Computer Vision, Scale-Space'99, held in Corfu, Greece, in September 1999.
The 36 revised full papers and the 18 revised posters presented in the book were carefully reviewed and selected from 66 high-quality submissions. The book addresses all current aspects of this young and active field, in particular geometric Image flows, nonlinear diffusion, functional minimization, linear scale-space, etc.

The European Commission emphasizes, in its Fifth Research Framework, the . . . emerging generic dependability requirements in the information society, stemming both from the ubiquity and volume of embedded and networked systems and services as well as from the global and complex nature of large scale information and communication infrastructures, from citizens, administrations and business in terms of technologies, tools, systems, applications and services." The series of Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security (Safecomp) contributes to satisfy these requirements by reviewing the state of the art, experiences, and new trends in the relevant scientific and industrial areas. Safecomp is intended to be a platform for technology transfer among academia, industry, and research institutions, providing the opportunity for exchange of ideas, opinions, and visions among experts. This year Safecomp celebrates the 20th anniversary, its first Conference having been organized in Stuttgart by EWICS (European Workshop on Industrial Computer Systems) in 1979, and we hope these Proceedings will contribute to the celebration by supporting Safecomp aims. The Proceedings include the 25 papers that have been presented orally at the Conference and the full version of the 14 papers that have been presented as posters, all of which were selected from 76 submissions. Papers almost uniformly take up Safecomp topics, dealing with the issues of Safety Assessment and Human Factors, Verification and Validation, Design for Safety, Formal Methods, and Security."

Formal methods have been established as the rigorous engineering methodology for the system development. Applying formal methods to a large and complex system development often requires the modelling of different aspects of such a system. For instance, complex systems (such as integrated avionics systems, engine control software) can involve functional and timing requirements that must be eventually implemented as executing code on a communicating distributed topology. This book contains the papers presented at the First International Workshop on Integrated Formal Methods, held at the University of York in June 1999. The conference provided a forum for the discussion of theoretical aspects of combing behavioural and state-based formalisms and practical solutions to the industrial problems of this approach.

PaCT-99 (Parallel Computing Technologies) was a four-day conference held in St. Petersburg on 6-10 September 1999. This represented the ?fth inter- tional conference in PaCT series, which take place in Russia every odd year. The ?rst, PaCT-91, was held in Novosibirsk (Academgorodok), 7-11 September, 1991. The second PaCT-93 was held in Obninsk (near Moscow), 30 August - 4 September, 1993. The third, PaCT-95, was organized in St.Petersburg, 12- 15 September, 1995 and the last fourth PaCT-97 was held in Yaroslavl 9-12 September, 1997. PaCT-99 was jointly organized by the Institute of Computational Mathem- ics and Mathematical Geophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novo- birsk) and by the Electrotechnical University of St.Petersburg. The purpose of the conference was to bring together scientists working with theory, archit- ture, software, hardware and solution of large-scale problems in order to provide integrated discussions on Parallel Computing Technologies. The Conference attracted more than 100 participants from around the world. Authors from over 23 countries submitted 103 papers and there were 2 invited papers. Of those submitted, 47 papers were selected for the conference; in ad- tion there were a number of posters presented. All the papers were internationally reviewed by at least three referees.

Conceptual Modeling for User Interface Development introduces the technique of Entity-Relationship-Modeling and shows how the technique can be applied to interface issues. It explains those aspects of entity-relationship modeling which are relevant to ERMIAs, and it presents the extensions to the notation that are necessary for modeling interfaces. This book is aimed at both interface designers and software developers in an attempt to bridge the gap in the development of interactive systems. Too often, when software is being developed, the software engineers do not sufficiently consider how easy the system will be to learn and use. On the other side, interface specialists tend to express their concerns in ways which are either too detailed to be readily understood or in ways which are difficult for the software developer to implement. ERMIA provides a set of concepts which can be used equally easily by software developers and interface designers alike.

CAiSE*99 is the 11th in the series of International Conferences on Advanced Information Systems Engineering. The aim of the CAiSE series is to give - searchers and professionals from universities, research, industry, and public - ministrationthe opportunityto meetannuallytodiscussevolvingresearchissues and applications in the el d of information systems engineering; also to assist young researchersand doctoralstudents in establishing relationships with senior scientists in their areas of interest. StartingfromaScandinavianorigininthelate1980 s, CAiSEhasevolvedinto atrulyinternationalconferencewithaworldwideauthorandattendancelist.The CAiSE*99 programlisted contributions from 19 countries, from four continents These contributions, 27 full papers, 12 short research papers, six workshops, and four tutorials, were carefully selected from a total of 168 submissions by the international program committee. A special theme of CAiSE*99 was Component-based information systems engineering . Component-based approaches mark the maturity of any engine- ing discipline. However, transferingthis idea to the complex anddiverse worldof information systems has proven more di cult than expected. Despite numerous proposals from object-oriented programming, design patterns and frameworks, customizable reference models and standard software, requirements engine- ing and business re-engineering, web-based systems, data reduction strategies, knowledge management, and modularized education, the question of how to make component-oriented approaches actually work in information systems - mains wide open."

We welcome you to Coordination '99, the third in a series of conferences d- icated to an important perspective on the development of complex software systems. That perspective is shared by a growing community of researchers - terested in models, languages, and implementation techniques for coordination. The last decade has seen the emergence of a class of models and languages variously termed "coordination languages," "con?guration languages," "arc- tectural description languages," and "agent-oriented programming languages." Theseformalismsprovideacleanseparationbetweenindividualsoftwarecom- nents and their interaction within the overall software organization. This se- ration makes complex applications more tractable, supports global analysis, and enhances the reuse of software components. The proceedings of the previous two conferences on this topic were published by Springer as Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1061 and 1282. This issue of LNCS containing the papers presented at Coordination '99 continues the tradition of carefully selected and high quality papers representing the state of the artin coordinationtechnology.In responseto thecallfor papers, wereceived 67 submissions, from which 26 papers were accepted. These proceedings also contain abstracts for posters presented at the conference. This year's program features invited talks by Rocco De Nicola and Danny B. Lange. Reading through the papers, we expect that you may be surprised by the variety of disciplines within computer science that have embraced the notion of coordination. In fact, we expect this trend to continue, and hope that you will contribute to the on-going exploration of its strengths, weaknesses, and applications.

ETAPS 99 is the second instance of the EuropeanJoint Conferences on T- ory and Practice of Software. ETAPS is an annual federated conference that was established in 1998 by combining a number of existing and new conferences. This year it comprises ?ve conferences (FOSSACS, FASE, ESOP, CC, TACAS), four satellite workshops (CMCS, AS, WAGA, CoFI), seven invited lectures, two invited tutorials, and six contributed tutorials. The events that comprise ETAPS address various aspects of the system - velopment process, including speci?cation, design, implementation, analysis and improvement. The languages, methodologies and tools which support these - tivities are all well within its scope. Di?erent blends of theory and practice are represented, with an inclination towards theory with a practical motivation on one hand and soundly-based practice on the other. Many of the issues involved in software design apply to systems in general, including hardware systems, and the emphasis on software is not intended to be exclusive."

Approaches to project scheduling under resource constraints are discussed in this book. After an overview of different models, it deals with exact and heuristic scheduling algorithms. The focus is on the development of new algorithms. Computational experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the new heuristics. Finally, it is shown how the models and methods discussed here can be applied to projects in research and development as well as market research.

LCPC'98 Steering and Program Committes for their time and energy in - viewing the submitted papers. Finally, and most importantly, we thank all the authors and participants of the workshop. It is their signi cant research work and their enthusiastic discussions throughout the workshopthat made LCPC'98 a success. May 1999 Siddhartha Chatterjee Program Chair Preface The year 1998 marked the eleventh anniversary of the annual Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing (LCPC), an international - rum for leading research groups to present their current research activities and latest results. The LCPC community is interested in a broad range of te- nologies, with a common goal of developing software systems that enable real applications. Amongthetopicsofinteresttotheworkshoparelanguagefeatures, communication code generation and optimization, communication libraries, d- tributed shared memory libraries, distributed object systems, resource m- agement systems, integration of compiler and runtime systems, irregular and dynamic applications, performance evaluation, and debuggers. LCPC'98 was hosted by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) on 7 - 9 August 1998, at the William and Ida Friday Center on the UNC-CH campus. Fifty people from the United States, Europe, and Asia attended the workshop. The program committee of LCPC'98, with the help of external reviewers, evaluated the submitted papers. Twenty-four papers were selected for formal presentation at the workshop. Each session was followed by an open panel d- cussion centered on the main topic of the particular session.

It is a great pleasure to present this collection of papers from LCR '98, the Fourth Workshop on Languages, Compilers, and Run-time Systems for Scalable Computers. The LCR workshop is a bi-annual gathering of computer scientists who develop software systems for parallel and distributed computers. LCR is held in alternating years with the ACM Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming (PPoPP) and draws from the same community. This fourth meeting was held in cooperation with ACM SIGPLAN on the c- pus of Carnegie Mellon University, May 28{30, 1998. There were 60 registered attendees from 9 nations. A total of 47 6-page extended abstracts were s- mitted. There were a total of 134 reviews for an average of 2.85 reviews per submission. Submissions were rank ordered by average review score. The top 23 submissions were selected as full papers and the next 9 as short papers. The program committee consisted of David Bakken (BBN), Ian Foster (- gonne), Thomas Gross (CMU and ETH Zurich), Charles Koelbel (Rice), Piyush Mehrotra (ICASE), David O'Hallaron, Chair (CMU), Joel Saltz (Maryland), - spal Subhlok (CMU), Boleslaw Szymanski (RPI), Katherine Yelick (Berkeley), and Hans Zima (Vienna).

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Mul timedia Information Systems (MIS'98) held in Istanbul, Turkey in September 1998. This workshop builds upon the success of the three previous workshops in this series that were held in Arlington, VA, West Point, NY, and Como, Italy. As in the past, this is a small focused workshop, consisting of participants drawn from a wide variety of disciplines (e. g. theory, algorithms, real time systems, networks, operating sys tems, graphics and visualization, databases, artificial intelligence, etc. ), all of which focus on research on one or more aspects of multimedia systems. The workshop program included 19 technical papers, three invited talks, and one panel. Of the technical papers 13 were accepted as regular papers and 6 as short con tributions. These papers cover a number of areas including: Multimedia storage system design Image storage and retrieval systems Quality of service considerations Networking support for multimedia information systems Distributed virtual environments Multimedia system architecture issues The invited talks were given by three experts well known for their work in this area. Satish K. Tripathi's (University of California, Riverside) talk was on "Quality of Service Support for Multimedia Data on Internet," Paul Emmerman (US Army Re search Laboratory) discussed "Visualizing the Digital Battlefield," and Val Tannen (University of Pennsylvania) presented "Heterogeneous Data Integration with Mobile Information Manager." The panel discussion, organized by Chahab Nastar of INRIA, France, addressed "Trends in Visual Information Retrieval.

Client/server and distributed technologies have made great strides since their emergence in the late 1980s to become very popular in the IT industry today. This book illustrates techniques not only for designing GUI client/server applications, but also for managing complex application environments containing both legacy and new applications. Topics covered in this book include - The what, when and how of the three tier client/server model - Coupling and dependency: key design factors in distributed systems - Distributed application design alternatives for the enterprise - The Federated application structure for integrating the applications of the enterprise - A real-life case study of a major financial institution - Systems Architects and senior technical staff Project Managers and Software Engineers involved with or interested in client/server computing, and final year undergraduate and postgraduate students will find this book useful.

ICALP { the International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Progr- ming { is a series of annual conferences of the European Association for Th- retical Computer Science (EATCS). ICALP'99 was organized by the Institute of Computer Science of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in - operation with the Action M Agency. Stimulated by the positive experience from previous meetings, the guiding idea of the ICALP'99 organization was to keep and to enhance the idea of a parallel two{track conference with invited plenary talks. Similarly to the two parts of the journal Theoretical Computer Science, Track A of the meeting is devoted to Algorithms, Automata, Complexity, and Games, and Track B to Logic, Semantics, and Theory of Programming. The Program Committee was structured along these same lines. As a further inno- tion, ICALP'99 was coordinated with the European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA'99) in such a way that both conferences took place in the same location with the former immediately followed by the latter. ICALP'99 was the 26th in the series of ICALP colloquia. Previous colloquia were held in Paris (1972), Saarbruc ] ken (1974), Edinburgh (1976), Turku (1977), Udine (1978), Graz (1979), Amsterdam (1980), Haifa (1981), Aarhus (1982), Barcelona (1983), Antwerp (1984), Nafplion (1985), Rennes (1986), Karlsruhe (1987), Tampere (1988), Stresa (1989), Warwick (1990), Madrid (1991), Vienna (1992), Lund (1993), Jerusalem (1994), Szeged (1995), Paderborn (1996), Bo- gna (1997), and Aalborg (1998). In the year 2000 ICALP will be held in Geneva."

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Mobile Agents, MA'98, held in Stuttgart, Germany, in September 1998.
The 21 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from a total of 45 submissions; also included are three invited contributions. The book is divided in topical sections on mechanisms for mobile agent systems, mobile agent architechtures, applications, mobile agent systems, security, and communication.