WelcometotheproceedingsofPervasive2005, The3rdInternationalConference on Pervasive Computing. We were honored to serve as chairs in this conference series, which was founded in 2002 and is now emerging as one of the most respected venues for publication of research on pervasive and ubiquitous c- puting. The conference is attracting research submissions of very high quality from all over the world, and from researchers representing a variety of disciplines and perspectives. We thank everybody who submitted their papers to Pervasive, demonstrating the extensive work going on in this area; and the Program C- mittee and our external reviewers who spent countless hours providing feedback and guidance in order to create the ?nal program. This year we received 130 submissions. By the end of the review process, we had 566 reviews on ?le, as well as long email discussion threads for each paper. In an initial phase we had each paper reviewed by two members of the Program Committee and two external reviewers. In a second phase, each paper wasdiscussedbyitsfourreviewerstoreachconsensusastoitstechnicalmerit. At the end of this phase, the top-rated papers as well as those that were found to be most controversial were selected for discussion at the PC meeting and reviewed by an additional PC member. The result being that each paper discussed in the PC meeting had 5 reviews and was read by three people who participated in the meeting, leading to a very informed and lively discussion

Welcome to the 3rd International Conference on Wired/Wireless Internet C- munications (WWIC). After a successful start in Las Vegas and a selective c- ference in Germany, this year s WWIC demonstrated the event s maturity. The conference was supported by several sponsors, both international and local, and became the o?cial venue for COST Action 290. That said, WWIC has now been established as a top-quality conference to promote research on the convergence of wired and wireless networks. This year we received 117 submissions, which allowed us to organize an - citing program with excellent research results, but required more e?ort from the 54 members of the international Program Committee and the 51 additional reviewers. For each of the 117 submitted papers we asked three independent - viewers to provide their evaluation. Based on an online ballot phase and a TPC meeting organized in Colmar (France), we selected 34 high-quality papers for presentation at the conference. Thus, the acceptance rate for this year was 29%."

Embedded systems now include a very large proportion of the advanced products designed in the world, spanning transport (avionics, space, automotive, trains), electrical and electronic appliances (cameras, toys, televisions, home appliances, audio systems, and cellular phones), process control (energy production and distribution, factory automation and optimization), telecommunications (satellites, mobile phones and telecom networks), and security (e-commerce, smart cards), etc. The extensive and increasing use of embedded systems and their integration in everyday products marks a significant evolution in information science and technology. We expect that within a short timeframe embedded systems will be a part of nearly all equipment designed or manufactured in Europe, the USA, and Asia. There is now a strategic shift in emphasis for embedded systems designers: from simply achieving feasibility, to achieving optimality. Optimal design of embedded systems means targeting a given market segment at the lowest cost and delivery time possible. Optimality implies seamless integration with the physical and electronic environment while respecting real-world constraints such as hard deadlines, reliability, availability, robustness, power consumption, and cost. In our view, optimality can only be achieved through the emergence of embedded systems as a discipline in its own right.

This volume contains the papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on Se- rityinPervasiveComputing(SPC2005)heldApril6-8,2005inBoppard, Germany.The objective of this second conference was to develop new security concepts for complex application scenarios based on systems like handhelds, phones, smartcards, RFID-chips andsmartlabelshandinhandwiththeemergingtechnologyofubiquitousandpervasive computing. In particular the conference focused on methods and technologies conce- ing the identi?cation of risks, the de?nition of security policies, and the development of security and privacy measures, especially cryptographic protocols that are related to speci?c aspects of ubiquitous and pervasive computing like mobility, location-based services, adhocnetworking, resourceallocation/restriction, invisibility, andsecureha- ware/software platforms. We received 48 submissions. Each submission was reviewed by three independent reviewers and an electronic Program Committee meeting was held via the Internet. We are very grateful to the Program Committee members for their ef?ciency in processing the work and also for the quality of their reviews and discussions. Finally the Program Committee decided to accept 14 long papers and 3 short papers. Apart from the Program Committee, we would like to thank also the other persons who contributed to the success of this conference: the additional referees for revi- ing the papers, the authors for submitting the papers, and the local organizers, and in particular Hans-Peter Wagner, for the local organization of the conference in Boppard. SPC 2005 was hosted by the Bundesakademie fur ] of ] fentlicheVerwaltung of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, and was sponsored by the DFKI and BS

This book constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Construction and Analysis of Safe, Secure, and Interoperable Smart Devices, CASSIS 2005. The 9 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from about 30 workshop talks. The papers are organized in topical sections on research trends in smart devices, Web services, virtual machine technology, security, validation and formal methods, proof-carrying code, and embedded devices.

The keychallengeforfuture computersystemis dealingwithcomplexity.Onone hand this involves internal system complexity which has increased exponentially over recent years. Here the main objectives are to maintain system reliability and to keep the design and maintenance e?ort manageable, while at the same timecontinuingtoprovidenewfunctionalityandincreasingsystemperformance. This hasbeenthe focus ofso-calledautonomouscomputing, whichaimsto bring self-con?guration and repair to a wide range of computing systems. On the other hand future computer systems are more and more becoming integrated into the fabric of everyday life and thus have to deal with the c- plexities of the real world. They will become smaller, more appropriate for their use, integrated into everyday objects, and often virtually or physically invisible to the users.They will alsobe deployedin a muchhigher quantity andpenetrate many moreapplicationareasthan traditional notionsof computer systems.This requirescomputersystemstobeadaptablewithinamuchwiderrangeofpossible tasks, subjected to much harsher conditions. To provide such features and functionality, computer devices will become tinieryetstillincreaseinsystemcomplexity;theymustconsumelesspower, while still supporting advanced computation and communications, such that they are highlyconnectedyetstilloperateasautonomousunits.Pervasiveandubiquitous computing researchaddressessuchissues by developingconcepts and technology for interweaving computers into our everyday life. The principal approach is to enhance system functionality and adaptability by recognizing context and situations in the environment

We are happy to present to you the proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Digital Watermarking, IWDW 2004. Since its modern reappearance in the academic community in the early 1990s, great progress has been made in understanding both the capabilities and the weaknesses of digital watermarking. On the theoretical side, we all are now well aware of the fact that digital watermarking is best viewed as a form of communication using side information. In the case of digital watermarking the side information in question is the document to be watermarked. This insight has led to a better understanding of the limits of the capacity and robustness of digital watermarking algorithms. It has also led to new and improved watermarking algorithms, both in terms of capacity and imperceptibility. Similarly, the role of human perception, and models thereof, has been greatly enhanced in the study and design of digital watermarking algorithms and systems. On the practical side, applications of watermarking are not yet abundant. The original euphoria on the role of digital watermarking in copy protection and copyright protection has not resulted in widespread use in practical systems. With hindsight, a number of reasons can be given for this lack of practical applications.

This book constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Engineering Self-Organising Applications, ESOA 2005, held in July 2005 as an associated event of AAMAS 2005. The 12 revised full papers and 6 revised short papers presented are organized in topical sections on novel self-organising mechanisms, methodologies, models and tools for self-organising applications, and specific applications of self-organising mechanisms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2006, held in March 2006 as part of ETAPS. The 17 revised full papers presented together with three tool demonstration papers and one invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Cryptographers' Track at the RSA Conference 2006, CT-RSA 2006, held in San Jose, CA, USA in February 2006. The book presents 24 papers organized in topical sections on attacks on AES, identification, algebra, integrity, public key encryption, signatures, side-channel attacks, CCA encryption, message authentication, block ciphers, and multi-party computation.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Information Security Practice and Experience Conference, ISPEC 2006, held in Hangzhou, China, in April 2006. The 35 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 307 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Formal Aspects in Security and Trust, FAST 2005, held in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK in July 2005.

The 17 revised papers presented together with the extended abstract of 1 invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. The papers focus on formal aspects in security and trust policy models, security protocol design and analysis, formal models of trust and reputation, logics for security and trust, distributed trust management systems, trust-based reasoning, digital assets protection, data protection, privacy and ID issues, information flow analysis, language-based security, security and trust aspects in ubiquitous computing, validation/analysis tools, web service security/trust/privacy, GRID security, security risk assessment, and case studies.

As software systems become ubiquitous, the issues of dependability become more and more critical. Given that solutions to these issues must be taken into account from the very beginning of the design process, it is appropriate that dependability is addressed at the architectural level.

This book results from an effort to bring together the research communities of software architectures and dependability. Inspired by the ICSE 2003 Workshop on Software Architectures for Dependable Systems, the book focuses on topics relevant to improving the state of the art in architecting dependable systems. The 15 thoroughly reviewed papers originate partly from the workshop; others were solicited in order to achieve complete coverage of all relevant aspects. The papers are organized into topical sections on architectures for dependability, fault-tolerance in software architectures, dependability analysis in software architectures, and industrial experience.

The 9th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC 2005) was held in the Commonwealth of Dominica from February 28 to March 3, 2005. This conference, organized by the International Financial Cryptography Association (IFCA), continues to be the premier international forum for research, exploration, and debate regarding security in the context of finance and commerce. The conference title and scope was expanded this year to cover all aspects of securing transactions and systems. The goal is to build an interdisciplinary meeting, bringing together cryptographers, data-security specialists, business and economy researchers, as well as economists, IT professionals, implementers, and policy makers. We think that this goal was met this year. The conference received 90 submissions and 24 papers were accepted, 22 in the Research track and 2 in the Systems and Applications track. In addition, the conference featured two distinguished invited speakers, Bezalel Gavish and Lynne Coventry, and two interesting panel sessions, one on phishing and the other on economics and information security. Also, for the first time, some of the papers that were judged to be very strong but did not make the final program were selected for special invitation to our Works in Progress (Rump) Session that took place on Wednesday evening. Three papers were highlighted in this forum this year, and short versions of the papers are included here. As always, other conference attendees were also invited to make presentations during the rump session, and the evening lived up to its colorful reputation.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Software and Compilers for Embedded Systems (SCOPES 2004) held in A- terdam, The Netherlands, on September 2 and 3, 2004. Initially, the workshop was referred to as the International Workshop on Code Generation for Emb- ded Systems. The ?rst took place in 1994 in Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. From its beginnings, the intention of the organizers has been to create an interactive atmosphere in which the participants can discuss and pro't from the assembly of international experts in the ?eld. The name SCOPES has been used since the fourth edition in St. Goar, G- many, in1999whenthescopeoftheworkshopwasextendedtoalsocovergeneral issues in embedded software design. Since then SCOPES has been held again in St. Goar in 2001; Berlin, Germany in 2002; Vienna, Austria in 2003; and now in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. In response to the call for papers, almost 50 very strong papers were s- mitted from all over the world. All submitted papers were reviewed by at least three experts to ensure the quality of the workshop. In the end, the program committee selected 17 papers for presentation at the workshop. These papers are divided into the following categories: application-speci?c (co)design, system and application synthesis, data ?ow analysis, data partitioning, task scheduling and code generation. In addition to the selected contributions, the keynote address was delivered by Mike Uhler from MIPS Technologies. An abstract of his talk is also included in this volume.

The inaugural Information Security Practice and Experience Conference (ISPEC) was held on April 11-14, 2005, in Singapore. As applications of information security technologies become pervasive, - sues pertaining to their deployment and operation are becoming increasingly important. ISPEC is intended to be an annual conference that brings together researchers and practitioners to provide a con?uence of new information se- rity technologies, their applications and their integration with IT systems in various vertical sectors. The Program Committee consisted of leading experts in the areas of information security, information systems, and domain experts in applications of IT in vertical business segments. The topics of the conference covered security applications and case studies, access control, network security, data security, secure architectures, and cryp- graphic techniques. Emphasis was placed on the application of security research to meet practical user requirements, both in the paper selection process and in the invited speeches. Acceptance into the conference proceedings was very competitive. The Call for Papers attracted more than 120 submissions, out of which the Program Committee selected only 35 papers for inclusion in the proceedings. Thisconferencewasmadepossibleonlythroughthecontributionsfrommany individuals and organizations. We would like to thank all the authors who s- mitted papers. We also gratefully acknowledge the members of the Program Committee and the external reviewers, for the time and e?ort they put into reviewing the submissions. Special thanks are due to Ying Qiu for managing the website for paper s- mission, reviewandnoti?cation.PatriciaLohwaskindenoughtoarrangeforthe conference venue, and took care of the administration in running the conference

Concepts like ubiquitous computing and ambient intelligence that exploit - creasingly interconnected networks and mobility put new requirements on data management. An important element in the connected world is that data will be accessible anytime anywhere. This also has its downside in that it becomes easier to get unauthorized data access. Furthermore, it will become easier to collect, store, and search personal information and endanger people's privacy. As a result security and privacy of data becomes more and more of an issue. Therefore, secure data management, which is also privacy-enhanced, turns out to be a challenging goal that will also seriously in?uence the acceptance of ub- uitous computing and ambient intelligence concepts by society. With the above in mind, we organized the SDM 2004 workshop to initiate and promote secure data management as one of the important interdisciplinary - search ?elds that brings together people from the security research community and the data management research community. The call for papers attracted 28 submissions both from universities and industry. The program committee selected 15 researchpapers for presentation at the workshop.The technical c- tributions presented at the SDM workshop are collected in this volume, which, wehope, willserveasavaluableresearchandreferencebookinyourprofessional life.

* In-depth, unique coverage of ZSH, one of most modern and powerful of all shells. Also covers Bash, the preferred shell for most serious Linux and Unix users. * Very strong author and tech review team: Co-author Peter Stephenson has been involved in the development of Zsh since the 1990s when he started to write the FAQ. For the last few years, he has served as coordinator of the shell's development. Tech Reviewers: Ed Schaefer is the "Shell Corner" columnist for SysAdmin Magazine and Bart Schaefer is one of the lead developers of Zsh development. * Book is immediately useful, packed with short example and suggestions that the reader can put to use in their shell environment. * Extensive coverage of interactive and advanced shell features, including shell extensions, completion functions, and shortcuts. * Great book for users of all expertise; perennial seller.

The 7th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satis?ab- ity Testing (SAT 2004) was held 10-13 May 2004 in Vancouver, BC, Canada. The conference featured 9 technical paper sessions, 2 poster sessions, as well as the 2004 SAT Solver Competition and the 2004 QBF Solver Evaluation. It also included invited talks by Stephen A. Cook (University of Toronto) and Kenneth McMillan (Cadence Berkeley Labs). The 89 participants represented no less than 17 countries and four continents. SAT 2004 continued the series of meetings which started with the Workshops on Satis?ability held in Siena, Italy (1996), Paderborn, Germany (1998) and Renesse, The Netherlands (2000); the Workshop on Theory and Applications of Satis?ability Testing held in Boston, USA(2001);theSymposiumonTheoryandApplicationsofSatis?abilityTesting held in Cincinnati, USA (2002); and the 6th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satis?ability Testing held in Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy (2003). The International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satis?ability Testing is the primary annual meeting for researchers studying the propo- tional satis?ability problem (SAT), a prominent problem in both theoretical and applied computer science. SAT lies at the heart of the most important open problem in complexity theory (P vsNP) and underlies many applications in, among other examples, arti?cial intelligence, operations research and electronic design engineering. The primary objective of the conferences is to bring together researchersfromvariousareasandcommunities, includingtheoreticalandexp- imental computer science as well as many relevant application areas, to promote collaboration and the communication of new theoretical and practical results in SAT-related research and its industrial applications

To many readers, Mozart/Oz represents a new addition to the pantheon of p- gramming systems. One way of evaluating a newcomer is through the eyes of the classics, for example Kernighan and Pike's "The Practice of Programming," a bookthatconcludeswithsix"lastingconcepts" simplicityandclarity, generality, evolution, interfaces, automation, andnotation.KernighanandPikeconcentrate on using standard languages such as C and Java to implement these concepts, but it is instructive to see how a multiparadigm language such as Oz changes the outlook. Oz's concurrency model yields simplicity and clarity (because Oz makes it easier to express complex programs with many interacting components), g- erality, and better interfaces (because the data?ow model automatically makes interfaces more lightweight). Constraint programming in Oz again yields simplicity and clarity (because theprogrammercanexpresswhatneedstobetrueratherthanthemorecomplex issue of how to make it true), and o?ers a powerful mathematical notation that is di?cult to implement on top of languages that do not support it natively. Mozart's distributed computing model makes for improved interfaces and eases the evolution of systems. In my own work, one of the most important concernsistobeabletoquicklyscaleupaprototypeimplementationintoalar- scale service that can run reliably on thousands of computers, serving millions of users. The ?eld of computer science needs more research to discover the best ways of facilitating this, but Mozart provides one powerful approach. Altogether, Mozart/Ozhelpswithallthelastingconceptsexceptautomation, and it plays a particularly strong role in notation, which Kernighan and Pike pointoutisanunderappreciatedarea.Ibelievethatprovidingtherightnotation isthemostimportantofthesixconcepts, onethatsupportsalltheothers.Mul- paradigm systems such as Oz provide more choices for notation than sing- paradigm languages.

E-commerce services are su?ering abuse by programs (bots, spiders, etc.) m- querading as legitimate human users. E?orts to defend against such attacks have, over the past several years, stimulated investigations into a new family of security protocols - "Human Interactive Proofs" (HIPs) - which allow a person to authenticate herself as a member of a given group: e.g., as a human (vs. a machine), as herself (vs. anyoneelse), as an adult (vs. a child). Most commercial usesofHIPstodayareCAPTCHAs,"CompletelyAutomaticPublicTuringtests to tell Computers and Humans Apart," which exploit the gap in ability between humans and machine vision systems in reading images of text. HIP challenges can also be non-graphical, e.g., requiring recognition of speech, solving puzzles, etc. Wearepleasedtopresentthe?rstrefereedandarchivallypublishedcollection of state-of-the-art papers on HIPs and CAPTCHAs. Each paper was reviewed by three members of the Program Committee, judged by the Co-chairs to be of su?cient relevance and quality, and revised by the authors in response to the referees' suggestions. The papers investigate performance analysis of novel CAPTCHAs, HIP - chitectures, and the role of HIPs within security systems. Kumar Chellapilla, Kevin Larson, Patrice Simard, and Mary Czerwinski describe user trials of a CAPTCHA designed to resist segmentation attacks, including a systematic evaluation of its tolerance by human users. Henry Baird, Michael Moll, and Sui- Yu Wang analyze data from a human legibility trial of another segmentati- resistantCAPTCHAandlocateahighlylegibleengineeringregime.AmaliaRusu and Venu Govindaraju describe research towards CAPTCHAs based on reading synthetically damaged images of real images of unconstrained handwritten text.

Code generation has the potential to revolutionize application development. Rather than handcrafting each piece of code, enterprises will increasingly turn to code generation, based on templates and application of business logic, to automatically generate code to perform a variety of tasks. Code Generation in Microsoft . NET presents the fundamentals of code generation. Code generation is already used extensively in Visual Studio . NET - every form-based application contains potentially hundreds of lines of wizard created code, which is modified as the developer sets various properties. Strongly typed datasets, XML schemas and web service proxies are also generated automatically by Visual Studio. This results in a huge cost savings and improvement in software reliability. Developers need both the technical details of how to accomplish code generation in . NET as well as a coherent series of steps to follow to incorporate code generation into their development. Code Generation in Microsoft . NET teaches developers how to adopt these techniques in their own development efforts. code generation both within and between projects in the organization. The mechanics of code generation introduced in the book are organized around these steps, and provide the tools to leverage code generation for significant payback on the very first application where it is used.

Most programming books are about as exciting as Bill Gates' left ear. But with this latest eye-opening release, technology author--> Karl Moore--> shows it doesn't have to be quite so dull and uninspiring. Split into eight dynamic parts, Karl Moore's Visual Basic .NET covers every key area of real-life computer developmentand promises to turn even newbie programmers into VB .NET wizards, quicker than anyone else. It's a perfect tutorial guide for those learning VB .NET from scratch or moving from VB6.

"Karl Moore's Visual Basic .NET: The Tutorials" consists of a number of key tutorials, each dealing with a specific, "real-life" area of programming. The tutorials are broken down into easily digestible 10-page installments, with an accompanying FAQ and review sheet at the close. Numerous "top tips" are also distributed throughout the texts to aid understanding.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency (ICATPN 2005). The Petri net conferences serve to discuss yearly progress in the ?eld of Petri nets and related models of concurrency, and to foster new - vancesintheapplicationandtheoryofPetrinets.Theconferencestypicallyhave 100-150 participants, one third from industry and the others from universities and research institutions, and they always take place in the last week of June. SuccessiveeditionsoftheconferencearecoordinatedbytheSteeringCommittee, whose members are listed on the next page, which also supervises several other activities-see the Petri Nets World at the URLwww.daimi.au.dk/PetriNets. The 2005 conference was organized in Miami by the School of Computer Science at Florida International University (USA). We would like to express our deep thanks to the Organizing Committee, chaired by Xudong He, for the time and e?ort invested to the bene't of the community in making the event successful. Several tutorials and workshops were organized within the conf- ence, covering introductory and advanced aspects related to Petri nets. Detailed information can be found at the conference URLwww.cs.fiu.edu/atpn2005. We received altogether 71 submissions from authors in 22 countries. Two submissions were not in the scope of the conference. The Program Comm- tee selected 23 contributions from the remaining 69 submissions, classi?ed into three categories: application papers (6 accepted, 25 submitted), theory papers (14 accepted, 40 submitted), and tool presentations (3 accepted, 4 submitted).

Researchers in the ?eld of life sciences rely increasingly on information te- nology to extract and manage relevant knowledge. The complex computational and data management needs of life science research make Grid technologies an attractive support solution. However, many important issues must be addressed before the Life Science Grid becomes commonplace. The 1st International Life Science Grid Workshop (LSGRID 2004) was held in Kanazawa Japan, May 31-June 1, 2004. This workshop focused on life s- ence applications of grid systems especially for bionetwork research and systems biology which require heterogeneous data integration from genome to phenome, mathematical modeling and simulation from molecular to population levels, and high-performance computing including parallel processing, special hardware and grid computing. Fruitful discussions took place through 18 oral presentations, including a keynote address and ?ve invited talks, and 16 poster and demonstration p- sentations in the ?elds of grid infrastructure for life sciences, systems biology, massive data processing, databases and data grids, grid portals and pipelines for functional annotation, parallel and distributed applications, and life science grid projects. The workshop emphasized the practical aspects of grid techno- gies in terms of improving grid-enabled data/information/knowledge sharing, high-performance computing, and collaborative projects. There was agreement among the participants that the advancement of grid technologies for life science research requires further concerted actions and promotion of grid applications. We therefore concluded the workshop with the announcement of LSGRID 2005.