The book explores "what are the societal interests that may be affected by a takeover, are these protected under the current regulatory frameworks of the U.K., Germany, and China, (and if so) how are they protected and what recommendations can be made for future reforms in the three jurisdictions?" The book adopts three main methods: law and economics analysis, doctrinal legal research, and comparative analysis. The content of this book is intended not only for the academia; it may also benefit the policy makers by providing an evaluation on the strengths and weaknesses of different protection mechanisms and recommendations for future reforms. Besides, companies which are (potentially) interested in conducting takeovers in the three countries may also find this book useful with its overall analysis of the regulatory frameworks and representative takeover cases in the jurisdictions.

This book provides an original account detailing the origins and components of a faith-based accounting system that was founded around 629 CE. By examining the historical development that the accounting systems underwent within the context of faith-based rules and values, the book explains what is meant by the term "faith-based accounting", together with a discussion of its characteristics in relation to various product structures and the underlying Islamic finance principles. It provides important theoretical and practical contributions by explaining accounting as a value-based science rather than a value-free object or abstract. This book explores the way in which religious rules act as a directive for accounting and auditing practices in IFIs. Through which the concept of money and digital currency within the theory of money and how it is enacted in a faith-based context, amid differences of opinions among its actors, is examined. This is an important foundation to explain Islamic accounting and includes how this outcome would shape the faith-based view regarding the new phenomenon of digital currency (DC). Also featured is the concept of paper money within the theory of money and how it is enacted in a faith-based legal framework by identifying two core concepts of today's Fiat money as being a single genus or multi-genera money. This book is not merely an academic work, nor is it a pure practitioner guide; rather, it is a robust work that combines both. It marries rigorous academic research and theories with practical industry experiences. The book provides a clear and concise guide to accounting in Islamic economics and finance and how Islamic financial institutions could meet the applicable faith-based rules in their accounting practices.

This book presents a comprehensive economic plan for Greece to encourage growth and avoid future crises. This book emphasizes structural reforms and the rational financial management and analysis of private and investment infrastructures. This book also looks at the country's production and places an emphasis on revitalizing its technological structure. The analysis in this book includes policy implementation (in the short-, medium- and long-term) across important topics such as sustainability, inclusivity, pro-growth social behavior, and dynamic economic growth. This book takes an evolutionary economics perspective, looking at important structures throughout society like governance, political functioning, cultural attitudes, and growth. With its comprehensive approach, this book is crucial reading for scholars and policymakers interested in the Greek economy.

This book examines the impact of financing on Africa's economic development. By exploring various financial instruments including the role of alternative sources of funding like migrant remittances and illicit flows, it analyses the role of financing for Africa's macroeconomic development and other development indicators such as infrastructure, transport, global trade, industrialisation, social services, external indebtedness and governance. By presenting and examining case studies on various African countries and regions, the respective contributions investigate the capacity of institutions to facilitate and structure the economy's funding activities, and to strengthen the ties between finance and development. Furthermore, they discuss various regional aspects, such as the integration of infrastructure, harmonization of fiscal policy, integration of financial markets, and the facilitation of intra-regional trade and movement of capital. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scholars of economics and development studies with an interest in the economic development of Africa.

Islamic economics, which is a discipline for studying economic behaviour from an Islamic perspective, advocates comprehensive human development defined by advancement and progress in multiple dimensions beyond GDP, income, or standard of living. Not only should socio-economic progress be in all dimensions but it should also have a higher purpose. A society is considered economically and socially developed if adequate protections are provided for faith, life, intellect, progeny, and wealth. This concept of balanced progress itself is an important idea recognized by the sociologists. However, the same has so far not been measured or used in policy making by economists. Similarly, lack of adequate protections in a society along these dimensions indicates poverty which is another way of measuring slack in development. The chapters in this edited volume deal with conceptualization of socio-economic development on these lines, and show how to measure socio-economic development in a comprehensive way. The book will be of interest to academics in the fields of economics, economic development, and Islamic economics. It will also be of interest to policy makers engaged in economic development, social progress, and poverty alleviation.

The international financial crisis of 2007-08 and the ensuing scandals continue to raise important debates about the role of institutions in maintaining trust and fighting corruption, as well as in sustaining economic growth and political stability in a globalized world. This book proposes to historicize these problems by looking at the ways in which early-modern Europe responded to similar challenges brought about by the rising costs of international warfare in a period marked by the development of commercial capitalism and the rise of fiscal states. Building upon the expertise of a group of fiscal historians who are leaders in their respective fields, ten chapters successively examine how Spain, Britain, France, the Southern Low Countries, the Netherlands, Sweden and Prussia dealt with domestic conflicts arising from the business of war, especially issues of financial profit, fraud and corruption. Through a series of case studies, this volume explores how the various European polities engaged with the transformative effects of warfare on the relationship between private and public interests, paving the way for institutional reforms and transformed ethics.

The fully revised and updated version of the leading textbook on real estate investment, emphasising real estate cycles and the availability and flow of global capital Real Estate Investment remains the most influential textbook on the subject, used in top-tier colleges and universities worldwide. Its unique, practical perspective on international real estate investment focusses on real-world techniques which measure, benchmark, forecast and manage property investments as an asset class. The text examines global property markets and real estate cycles, outlines market fundamentals and explains asset pricing and portfolio theory in the context of real estate. In the years since the text's first publication, conditions in global real estate markets have changed considerably following the financial crisis of 2008-2009. Real estate asset prices have increased past pre-crisis levels, signalling a general market recovery. Previously scarce debt and equity capital is now abundant, while many institutions once averse to acquiring property are re-entering the markets. The latest edition - extensively revised and updated to address current market trends and practices as well as reflect feedback from instructors and students - features new content on real estate development, improved practical examples, expanded case studies and more. This seminal textbook: Emphasises practical solutions to real investing problems rather than complex theory Offers substantial new and revised content throughout the text Covers topics such as valuation, leasing, mortgages, real estate funds, underwriting and private and public equity real estate Features up-to-date sections on performance measurement, real estate debt markets and building and managing real estate portfolios Includes access to a re-designed companion website containing numerous problems and solutions, presentation slides and additional instructor and student resources Written by internationally-recognised experts in capital management and institutional property investing strategies, Real Estate Investment, Second Edition: Strategies, Structures, Decisions is an indispensable textbook for instructors and students of real estate fund management, investment management and investment banking, as well as a valuable reference text for analysts, researchers, investment managers, investment bankers and asset managers.

Students in various disciplines-from law and government to business and health policy-need to understand several quantitative aspects of finance (such as the capital asset pricing model or financial options) and policy analysis (e.g., assessing the weight of probabilistic evidence) but often have little quantitative background. This book illustrates those phenomena and explains how to illustrate them using the powerful visuals that computing can produce. Of particular interest to graduate students and scholars in need of sharper quantitative methods, this book introduces the reader to Mathematica, enables readers to use Mathematica to produce their own illustrations, and places specific emphasis on finance and policy as well as the foundations of probability theory.

This book discusses understand cybersecurity management in decentralized finance (DeFi). It commences with introducing fundamentals of DeFi and cybersecurity to readers. It emphasizes on the importance of cybersecurity for decentralized finance by illustrating recent cyber breaches, attacks, and financial losses. The book delves into understanding cyber threats and adversaries who can exploit those threats. It advances with cybersecurity threat, vulnerability, and risk management in DeFi. The book helps readers understand cyber threat landscape comprising different threat categories for that can exploit different types of vulnerabilities identified in DeFi. It puts forward prominent threat modelling strategies by focusing on attackers, assets, and software. The book includes the popular blockchains that support DeFi include Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, Solana, Cardano, Avalanche, Polygon, among others. With so much monetary value associated with all these technologies, the perpetrators are always lured to breach security by exploiting the vulnerabilities that exist in these technologies. For simplicity and clarity, all vulnerabilities are classified into different categories: arithmetic bugs, re-Entrancy attack, race conditions, exception handling, using a weak random generator, timestamp dependency, transaction-ordering dependence and front running, vulnerable libraries, wrong initial assumptions, denial of service, flash loan attacks, and vampire Since decentralized finance infrastructures are the worst affected by cyber-attacks, it is imperative to understand various security issues in different components of DeFi infrastructures and proposes measures to secure all components of DeFi infrastructures. It brings the detailed cybersecurity policies and strategies that can be used to secure financial institutions. Finally, the book provides recommendations to secure DeFi infrastructures from cyber-attacks.

Ray Dalio, the legendary investor and international bestselling author of Principles - whose books have sold more than five million copies worldwide - shares his unique template for how debt crises work and principles for dealing with them well. This template allowed his firm, Bridgewater Associates, to antic ipate 2008's events and navigate them well while others struggled badly. As he explained in his international best seller Principles, Ray Dalio believes that almost everything happens over and over again through time, so that by studying patterns one can understand the cause-effect relationships behind events and develop principles for dealing with them well. In this three-part research series, he does just that for big debt crises and shares his template in the hopes of reducing the chances of big debt crises hap pening and helping them be better managed in the future. The template comes in three parts: 1. The Archetypal Big Debt Cycle (which explains the template) 2. Three Detailed Cases (which examines in depth the 2008 financial crisis, the 1930s Great Depression and the 1920s infla tionary depression of Germany's Weimar Republic) 3. Compendium of 48 Cases (which is a compendium of charts and brief descriptions of the worst debt crises of the last 100 years) Whether you're an investor, a policy maker, or are simply interested in debt, this unconventional perspective from one of the few people who navigated the crisis successfully, Principles for Navigating Big Debt Crises will help you understand the economy and markets in revealing new ways.

Kathleen Touchstone applies the philosophies of Objectivism, rule-utilitarianism, and neo-Aristotelianism to strategies of risk management. She proposes a risk index model which accounts for probability, virtue, and consequences, utilizing philosophical insight into the gauging of success.

This book offers a comparative perspective on 18 countries' legal regulation of crowdfunding. In the wake of the financial crises of 2008, use of this alternative financing method has increased substantially, in various forms. Whereas some states have adopted tailor-made regimes in order to regulate but also encourage this way of financing projects, allowing loans to be made by non-banking institutions, others still haven't specifically addressed the subject. An analysis of these diverse legislative stances offers readers a range of legal solutions for managing crowdfunding activities with regard to e.g. protecting investors, imposing limits on project owners, and finally the role and duties of intermediaries, i.e., companies operating crowdfunding platforms. In addition, the content presented here provides a legal basis for states and supranational organizations interested in regulating this phenomenon to achieve more legal certainty.

"This book provides a systematic account of financial crisis in the developing world by exploring how Minsky's theory may be extended to countries at early stages of financial development, going beyond the parameters of the established "emerging market crisis" literature"--

This Palgrave Pivot investigates the efforts of five aerospace companies-SpaceX, Blue Origin, Virgin Galactic, Orbital Sciences, and the Boeing Company-to launch their entry into the field of commercial space transportation. Can private sector firms raise enough capital to end the usual dependence on government funding? What can historical examples of other large-scale transportation initiatives, such as the first transcontinental railway and the first commercial jetliner, teach us about the prospects of commercial space flight? As Howard E. McCurdy shows, commercializing space is a great experiment, the outcome of which will depend on whether new space entrepreneurs can attract support from a variety of traditional and nontraditional sources.

This book offers a concise introduction to the field of financial economics and presents, for the first time, recent behavioral finance research findings that help us to understand many puzzles in traditional finance. Tailor-made for master's and PhD students, it includes tests and exercises that enable students to keep track of their progress. Parts of the book can also be used at the bachelor level.

Demonstrates the direct relationship between public investments in higher education and a strong regional economy. While the book focuses on New England, the issues raised will necessarily keenly influence all regions of the nation.

This volume documents recent efforts to track the transformation and trajectory of silver during the early modern period, from its origins in ores located on either side of the Atlantic to its use as currency in the financial centres of continental Europe. As a point of comparison, copper mining and its monetary use in the early modern Atlantic World will also be considered. Contributors rely mainly on economic and economic history methodologies, complemented by geographical and cultural history approaches. The use of novel software applications as tools to explain economic-historical episodes is also detailed.

Make a fast, effective impact on the financial success of your business. Setting the optimum price for your products and services that's right for your customers and market, is vital to success. But how do you know what you're charging is doing the best job possible? In this smart, savvy Authority Guide, pricing expert Shaz Nawaz takes you step by step through everything you need to know to build a solid, reliable pricing strategy for your business. Thrive, flourish and open the door to instant increased turnover, the best customers and accelerated growth with the key to profitable pricing.

When we start to perceive that there is a problem in the market (such as monopoly, fraud or speculation), the legislature passes a law to correct it, a bureaucracy is created to interpret and enforce the new law, firms and other market participants comply, and the problem is solved. But is it? Are politicians' promises and textbooks' stories to be believed? This book examines US economic history to demonstrate how the applications of laws are uncertain, affected by changing political and economic conditions as well as by legislators' perceptions and the ability or willingness of bureaucracies to enforce laws. The two cases developed in this book revolve around William McChesney Martin, Jr., who helped apply (i) the 1930s Securities Acts as president of the New York Stock Exchange and (ii) the Federal Reserve Act in the Keynesian era unforeseen by that Act. As chairman of the New York Stock Exchange, Martin served as private regulator of firms listed on the Exchange-itself a publicly regulated entity. As chairman of the Federal Reserve, he then served as a public regulator. This book thus offers an innovative approach to understanding and examining the various issues and incentives facing each of the three parties: regulated, private regulator, and public regulator.

This book develops insights of digitalization and the future of financial services to originate an innovative approach to financial field, in order to underpin research and practice in the wide area of digital finance. The aim of this book is to extend our understandings on how digitalization and the future of financial services can be helpful in different business circumstances in many cross-functional financial areas, such as financial markets, financial risk management, financial technologies, investment finance, etc. Thus, the book aims at addressing the relevance of digital finance for different players, highlighting differences in tools and processes as well as identifying innovative practices in financial digitalization. This can result in some novel theoretical and practical insights that can foster financial players, in order to proactively explore and exploit opportunities in financial digitalization and offset financial risks and increase efficiency.

This book addresses the applications of Fourier transform to smile modeling. Smile effect is used generically by ?nancial engineers and risk managers to refer to the inconsistences of quoted implied volatilities in ?nancial markets, or more mat- matically, to the leptokurtic distributions of ?nancial assets and indices. Therefore, a sound modeling of smile effect is the central challenge in quantitative ?nance. Since more than one decade, Fourier transform has triggered a technical revolution in option pricing theory. Almost all new developed option pricing models, es- cially in connection with stochastic volatility and random jump, have extensively applied Fourier transform and the corresponding inverse transform to express - tion pricing formulas. The large accommodation of the Fourier transform allows for a very convenient modeling with a general class of stochastic processes and d- tributions. This book is then intended to present a comprehensive treatment of the Fourier transform in the option valuation, covering the most stochastic factors such as stochastic volatilities and interest rates, Poisson and Levy jumps, including some asset classes such as equity, FX and interest rates, and providing numerical ex- ples and prototype programming codes. I hope that readers will bene't from this book not only by gaining an overview of the advanced theory and the vast large l- erature on these topics, but also by gaining a ?rst-hand feedback from the practice on the applications and implementations of the theory."

This book uses money as a lens through which to analyze the social and economic impact of colonialism on African societies and institutions. It is the first book to address the monetary history of the colonial period in a comprehensive way, covering several areas of the continent and different periods, with the ultimate aim of understanding the long-term impact of colonial monetary policies on African societies. While grounding an understanding of money in terms of its circulation, acceptance and impact, this book shows first and foremost how the monetary systems that resulted from the imposition of colonial rule on African societies were not a replacement of the old currency systems with entirely new ones, but were rather the result of the convergence of different orders of value and monetary practices. By putting histories of people using money at the heart of the story, and connecting them to larger imperial policies, the volume provides a new and fresh perspective on the history of the establishment of colonial rule in Africa. This book is the result of a collaborative and interdisciplinary research project that has received funding by the Gerda Henkel Foundation. The contributors are both junior and senior scholars, based at universities in Europe, Africa, Asia and the US, who are all specialists on the history of money in Africa. It will appeal to an international audience of scholars and educators interested in African Studies and History, Economic History, Imperial and Colonial History, Development Studies, Monetary Studies.