This report is a statistical analysis of several crash databases to determine the effectiveness of underride guards at preventing fatalities and injuries in crashes where a passenger vehicle impacts the rear of a tractor-trailer.

This report presents a statistical analysis of crash data in order to determine the effectiveness of antilock brakes in tractor-trailer combination vehicles. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 121, Air Brake Systems, mandates antilock braking systems on virtually all new air-braked vehicles with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or greater. ABS is required on tractors manufactured on or after March 1, 1997, and air-braked semitrailers and single-unit trucks manufactured on or after March 1, 1998..

This book (The AUN/SEED-Net Joint Regional Conference in Transportation, Energy, and Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering) gathers selected papers submitted to the 14th Regional Conference in Energy Engineering and the 13th Regional Conference in Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering in the fields related to intelligent equipment, automotive engineering, mechanical systems and sustainable manufacturing, renewable energy, heat and mass transfer. Under the theme of "Integration and Innovation for Sustainable Development," This book consists of papers in the aforementioned fields presented by researchers and scientists from universities, research institutes, and industry showcasing their latest findings and discussions with an emphasis on innovations and developments in embracing the new norm, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

This book gathers selected papers presented at the KES International Symposium on Smart Transportation Systems (KES STS 2022). Modern transportation systems have undergone a rapid transformation in recent years, producing a range of technological innovations such as connected vehicles, self-driving cars, electric vehicles, Hyperloop, and even flying cars, and with them, fundamental changes in transport systems around the world. The book discusses current challenges, innovations, and breakthroughs in smart transportation systems, as well as transport infrastructure modeling, safety analysis, freeway operations, intersection analysis, and other related cutting-edge topics.

For this exploratory study, focus groups were convened in Northern Virginia and Philadelphia among the general public, business owners and managers, and owners and managers of shipping and transportation logistics firms. The purpose of these focus groups was to obtain feedback on a specific congestion pricing scenario and to better understand the public's concerns regarding congestion pricing. A secondary purpose was to learn more about how to communicate with the public on the topic of congestion pricing.

This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure Development: Innovations and Advances (SIDIA 2020). The book addresses the issues of optimal resource allocation and utilization, construction cost minimization, budget optimization for infrastructure development in hilly terrain as well as plains, to ensure quality and safety with minimal environmental impact. The topics covered include planning, design and construction of sustainable infrastructure projects, policy and practices to be considered for the comprehensive development which is socially inclusive specifically in developing nations, transportation engineering and management which is performance-based and emerging economical models for partnerships, environment engineering and management for ascertaining the best methods for environmental impacts assessment to capture the true indirect costs of a infrastructure project, geotechnical and water resource engineering using new developments, and utilizing the various technological impacts for ensuring disaster preparedness of any region. This book can prove to be useful for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in the latest advances and innovations in sustainable infrastructure development.

GAO reported on (1) the extent to which transportation planners considered ecosystem conservation in planning, (2) the effects of such consideration, and (3) the factors that encourage or discourage such consideration. GAO contacted 36 planning agencies, as well as officials in 22 resource agencies that maintain ecological data and administer environmental laws. Their findings are detailed within this document.

This open access book is interdisciplinary and provides cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration of sustainable development and transportation in South Africa. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book contributes not only to academia but also seeks to inform urban and regional policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of South Africa as espoused in the National Development Plan (NDP), 2030, National Spatial Development Framework (NSDF) Draft (2019), National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (NCASS) Draft (2019), Green Transport Strategy for South Africa (2018-2050), and National Transportation Plan (NATMAP), 2050. Adopting a multi-dimensional assessment, the book provides a background for co-production concerning climate change, sustainable development, and transportation in the Global South. The book contributes in its analysis of the institutional and legislative framework that relates to the climate change, skills and knowledge transfer, sustainable development, and transportation in South Africa, as these are responsible for the evolution of the green economy and transport sector in the country. The connections among different sectors and issues such as environment, transport modes, technology innovation, vehicle management and emission control, skills and knowledge transfer, legislative and policy framework, and the wider objectives of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially goals 11 to 13. The success stories relating to climate change, sustainable development, and transportation in South Africa are identified together with the best possible practices that may inform better environmental, urban and regional planning, policy, practice, and management.

The information contained in this report was collected through interviews with State GIS specialists and project managers who manage GIS4EST work. With consultation from FHWA, eight geographically diverse States were selected for interviews. The GIS applications developed by these States represent the full spectrum of GIS development. The GIS applications that State DOT officials described fall into four general categories of use: * Data management; * Interagency coordination; * Spatial analysis and modeling; and * Re-engineering business processes. While state DOTs vary in the process by which they adopt and apply GIS4EST technologies, these categories suggest a rough sequencing for the development of a GIS4EST application from less to more complex systems. These applications are discussed, grouped by the phase of development that best describes their GIS4EST efforts to date.

The problem that this report tackles is determining how to best utilize Rte 2A and the surrounding roadways to access Minute Man National Historical Park and Battle Road while minimizing the impact of other trips on the visitor experience. This study tries to answer this question in two ways. (1) Identify a maximum daily traffic level on Rte 2A that could provide the best possible traffic movement that benefits the visitor to the park while still allowing the other trips to use this roadway. (2)Propose several options that can be combined or done separately to either help maintain the desired traffic level and minimize the traffic impact on the visitor experience.

In March 2000, FHWA, AASHTO and the Transportation Research Board (TRB) jointly sponsored an international scanning study to observe right-of-way and utility coordination practices in four European countries. The scanning study delegation identified practices used in the selected countries that, if implemented in the U.S., will help ensure timely procurement and clearance of highway right-of-way and adjustment of utilities. Findings and observations in this report are grouped into the following chapters (Appraisal and Acquisition; Compensation and Relocation; Training; Utilities; and Project Development) and includes primary findings the team believes have the most significance and/or implementation value. Other observations that may have potential implementation value in the United States are also included.

This report documents the results of bus accident data analysis using the 2002 National Transit Database (NTD) and discusses the potential of using advanced technology being studied and developed under the U.S. Department of Transportation's (U.S. DOT) Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) program to reduce bus accidents.

This report was prepared by the U.S. Department of Transportation John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. This report summarizes Federal requirements, describes CMS concept, provides examples of various CMS implemented by different states and Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPO) and provides guidance on issues to be considered in the development of a CMS for the National Parks.

This document presents a number of tools to assist U.S. agencies in meeting their growing infrastructure needs. Documentation of knowledge and best practices learned on the scan is provided in an effort to implement these tools and make the U.S. transportation system more efficient and effective for the public.

In March 1998, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Natural Environment, released the FHWA Traffic Noise Model (FHWA TNM) Version 1.0, a state-of-the-art computer program for highway traffic noise prediction and analysis. Since then, the FHWA, with assistance from the Volpe Center Acoustics Facility (Volpe Center) and Foliage Software Systems (FSS), have released updates of TNM (Versions 1.0a, and 1.0b) in March 1999 and August 1999, respectively. In support of the FHWA and the California Department of Transportation, the Volpe Center and FSS released Version 1.1 in September 2000. TNM 2.0 is the latest release of the TNM software. Two companion reports were released with TNM Version 1.0, a Technical Manual that describes the acoustics within TNM and a User's Guide. In addition, prior to TNM release, a data report was published that describes the vehicle noise-emissions data base within TNM. This document is an addendum to the FHWA TNM Version 1.0 User's Guide. It details the enhancements in the program up to and including Version 2.0.

The objective of this scanning tour and document was to gather information from European transportation ministries and lighting professionals regarding cutting-edge research and technologies in highway and roadway lighting systems, including tunnel illumination, sign lighting, and all methods used to design roadway lighting systems.

The objectives of this document are to provide: (1) guidelines on how to design a highway noise barrier that fits with its surroundings and performs its intended acoustical and structural functions at reasonable life-cycle cost; and (2) a state-of-the-art reference of common concepts, designs, materials, and installation techniques for the professional highway engineer, the noise barrier designer, and the non-professional community participant.

World Bank Technical Paper No. 376. Roads are agents of change and can be responsible for both benefits and damage to the existing balance between people and their environment. This handbook examines specific road projects ranging from minor rehabilitation and maintenance activities on existing roads to major works on new alignments. It provides a description of practical methods for designing and executing effective environmental assessments that are useful to those who are involved in various aspects of road projects, from planning to construction to maintenance.

This volume, the first to result from the Diebold Institute Information-Based Infrastructure Project, explores the links between business and government in the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technology. The work focuses on road and vehicular infrastructures, comparing those of the U.S., Europe, and Japan, and the roles that ITS can play in solving major current and anticipated future transportational problems. Special attention is given to environmental and economic concerns.

The world's infrastructure requires refurbishing, but it especially requires rethinking. The computer has transformed business enterprises and now information technology can change our environment. This book explores the benefits and how to achieve them through the use of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The implementation of ITS will potentially lead to individual drivers, fleet operators, and public transit users saving vast amounts of journey time and fuel, to a significant reduction in pollution and to improved road safety. The Japanese are ahead of the U.S. and Europe in the area of intelligent transportation systems, using position location devices, and electronic maps.

Most look at this development as one that helps speed passenger cars, but this book details the economics which point to the technology being equally good for speeding trucks and easing the movement of freight. Traffic avoidance is only part of the problem although route guidance is helpful. Financing of projects in ITS is an important area for innovation and ITS could be a source of revenue to municipalities rather than an expense.

How is it that nearly 90 percent of the Texan population currently lives in metropolitan regions, but many Texans still embrace and promote a vision of their state's nineteenth-century rural identity? This is one of the questions the editors and contributors to Lone Star Suburbs confront. One answer, they contend, may be the long shadow cast by a Texas myth that has served the dominant culture while marginalizing those on the fringes. Another may be the criticism suburbia has endured for undermining the very romantic individuality that the Texas myth celebrates. From the 1950s to the present, cultural critics have derided suburbs as landscapes of sameness and conformity. Only recently have historians begun to document the multidimensional industrial and ethnic aspects of suburban life as well as the development of multifamily housing, services, and leisure facilities. In Lone Star Suburbs, urban historian Paul J. P. Sandul, Texas historian M. Scott Sosebee, and ten contributors move the discussion of suburbia well beyond the stereotype of endless blocks of white middle-class neighborhoods and fill a gap in our knowledge of the Lone Star State. This collection supports the claim that Texas is not only primarily suburban but also the most representative example of this urban form in the United States. Essays consider transportation infrastructure, urban planning, and professional sports as they relate to the suburban ideal; the experiences of African Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos in Texas metropolitan areas; and the environmental consequences of suburbanization in the state. Texas is no longer the bastion of rural life in the United States but now - for better or worse - represents the leading edge of suburban living. This important book offers a first step in coming to grips with that reality.

Advances in Artificial intelligence (AI) have redefined research and development in many areas, particularly in the direction of engineering research, application of machine learning, and the use of deep learning in many aspects of engineering research.This book looks at the impact of AI and how it has transformed transportation in the form of Smart Traffic Management Systems in a world of unmanned systems and autonomous machines. The book explores the problems faced in air, sea and land transport and traffic. It looks into Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), autonomous and remotely-operated ships, intelligent port management systems, and modern urban railway systems.Redefining Traffic is a reference book for researchers, engineers, and technical personnel specializing in intelligent traffic, artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT). It can also be used as a study guide for advanced undergraduates interested in AI, vehicle engineering, automation, and computing.

Federal funding to build and maintain the nation's highways and bridges comes primarily from highway users through federal fuel taxes. These revenues have eroded due to improvements in vehicle fuel efficiency and other factors contributing to shortfalls in the Highway Trust Fund. Experts have proposed alternative means of raising revenues by charging drivers fees based on their miles travelled. Several states have tested systems that gather vehicle mileage and location data, which has raised privacy concerns. This book examines the benefits and challenges of mileage fee initiatives in the United States and other selected nations, and discusses whether mileage fee rates are necessary to replace and supplement current Highway Trust Fund revenues and the effect these fees would have on users' costs.

Road traffic represents a significant burden in the developing world and will continue to become more prominent without an effective response to the myriad problems it presents. This book provides a discussion on effective measures in safety, modelling and the impacts of road traffic on society.

Traffic, highway, and transportation design principles and practical applications This comprehensive textbook clearly explains the many aspects of transportation systems planning, design, operation, and maintenance. Transportation Engineering: A Practical Approach to Highway Design, Traffic Analysis, and Systems Operations explores key topics, including geometric design for roadway alignment; traffic demand, flow, and control; and highway and intersection capacity. Emerging issues such as livable streets, automated vehicles, and smart cities are also discussed. You will get real-world case studies that highlight practical applications as well as valuable diagrams and tables that define transportation engineering terms and acronyms. Coverage includes: *An introduction to transportation engineering*Geometric design*Traffic flow theory*Traffic control*Capacity and level of service*Highway safety*Transportation demand*Transportation systems management and operations*Emerging topics