Sustainable Biofuels: Opportunities and challenges, a volume in the "Applied Biotechnology Reviews" series, explores the state-of-the-art in research and applied technology for the conversion of all types of biofuels. Its chapters span a broad spectrum of knowledge, from fundamentals and technical aspects to optimization, combinations, economics, and environmental aspects. They cover various facets of research, production, and commercialization of bioethanol, biodiesel, biomethane, biohydrogen, biobutanol, and biojet fuel. This book discusses biochemical, thermochemical, and hydrothermal conversion of unconventional feedstocks, including the role of biotechnology applications to achieve efficiency and competitiveness. Through case studies, techno-economic analysis and sustainability assessment, including life cycle assessment, it goes beyond technical aspects to provides actual resources for better decision-making during the development of commercially viable technology by researchers, PhD students, and practitioners in the field of bioenergy. It is also a useful resource for those in adjacent areas, such as biotechnology, industrial microbiology, chemical engineering, environmental engineering, and sustainability science, who are working on solutions for the bioeconomy. The ability to compare different technologies and their outcome that this book provides is also beneficial for energy analysts, consultants, planners, and policy-makers. The "Applied Biotechnology Reviews" series highlights current development and research in biotechnology-related fields, combining in single-volume works the theoretical aspects and real-world applications for better decision-making.

Conducting Polymer-Based Nanocomposites: Fundamentals and Applications delivers an up-to-date overview on cutting-edge advancements in the field of nanocomposites derived from conjugated polymeric matrices. Design of conducting polymers and resultant nanocomposites has instigated significant addition in the field of modern nanoscience and technology. Recently, conducting polymer-based nanocomposites have attracted considerable academic and industrial research interest. The conductivity and physical properties of conjugated polymers have shown dramatic improvement with nanofiller addition. Appropriate fabrication strategies and the choice of a nanoreinforcement, along with a conducting matrix, may lead to enhanced physicochemical features and material performance. Substantial electrical conductivity, optical features, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and other physical properties of the conducting polymer-based nanocomposites have led to high-performance materials and high-tech devices and applications. This book begins with a widespread impression of state-of-the-art knowledge in indispensable features and processing of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites. It then discusses essential categories of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and derived nanomaterials. Subsequent sections of this book are related to the potential impact of conducting polymer-based nanocomposites in various technical fields. Significant application areas have been identified for anti-corrosion, EMI shielding, sensing, and energy device relevance. Finally, the book covers predictable challenges and future opportunities in the field of conjugated nanocomposites.

Processing Technology for Bio-Based Polymers: Advanced Strategies and Practical Aspects brings together the latest advances and novel technologies surrounding the synthesis and manufacture of biopolymers, ranging from bio-based polymers to synthetic polymers from bio-derived monomers. Sections examine bio-based polymer chemistry, discuss polymerization process and emerging design technologies, cover manufacturing and processing approaches, explain cutting-edge approaches and innovative applications, and focus on biomedicals and other key application areas. Final chapters provide detailed discussion and an analysis of economic and environmental concerns, practical considerations, challenges, opportunities and future trends. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists and advanced students in polymer science, bio-based materials, nanomaterials, plastics engineering, biomaterials, chemistry, biotechnology, and materials science and engineering, as well as R&D professionals, engineers and industrialists interested in the development of biopolymers for advanced products and applications.

The Thermodynamics of Phase and Reaction Equilibria, Second Edition, provides a sound foundation for understanding abstract concepts of phase and reaction equilibria (e.g., partial molar Gibbs energy, fugacity, and activity), and shows how to apply these concepts to solve practical problems using numerous clear examples. Available computational software has made it possible for students to tackle realistic and challenging problems from industry. The second edition incorporates phase equilibrium problems dealing with nonideal mixtures containing more than two components and chemical reaction equilibrium problems involving multiple reactions. Computations are carried out with the help of Mathcad (R).

Pharmaceuticals in Marine and Coastal Environments: Occurrence, Effects, and Challenges in a Changing World is divided into three sections that address a) coastal areas as the main entrance of pharmaceuticals into the ocean, b) the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the environmental compartments of the ocean media, and c) the effects that such pollutants may cause to the exposed marine organisms. With its comprehensive discussions, the book provides a wide depiction of the current state-of-the-art on these topics in an effort to open new sources of investigation and find suitable solutions.

Evidence-Based Nutrition and Clinical Evidence of Bioactive Foods in Human Health and Disease explores a wide range of studies from clinical investigations to mechanistic research, covering the actions of bioactives on specific tissues and cells in intestinal, neurological, immunological and cardiovascular health and disease, including cancers. The book also focuses on metabolism, mechanisms of actions, tissue-specific effects, and the structure-function relationships between clinical trial, ex vivo and in vitro data. Written for nutrition researchers, clinical researchers, dieticians, and others working in and studying health-related fields, this book highlights the concepts surrounding the preventive and therapeutic impacts of bioactive foods.

Chemistry, Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber, Second Edition presents the latest advances in the processing, properties and advanced applications of natural rubber (NR), drawing on state-of-the-art research in the field. Chapters cover manufacturing, processing and properties of natural rubber, describing biosynthesis, vulcanization for improved performance, strain-induced crystallization, self-reinforcement, rheology and mechanochemistry for processing, computer simulation of properties, scattering techniques and stabilizing agents. Applications covered include natural rubber, carbon allotropes, eco-friendly soft bio-composites using NR matrices and marine products, the use of NR for high functionality such as shape memory, NR for the tire industry, and natural rubber latex with advanced applications. This is an essential resource for academic researchers, scientists and (post)graduate students in rubber science, polymer science, materials science and engineering, and chemistry. In industry, this book enables professionals, R&D, and producers across the natural rubber, tire, rubber and elastomer industries, as well as across industries looking to use natural rubber products, to understand and utilize natural rubber for cutting-edge applications.

Polymer-Based Advanced Functional Composites for Optoelectronic and Energy Applications explains how polymer-based smart composites and nanocomposites can be prepared and utilized for novel optical, sensor and energy-related applications. The book begins with an introductory section on the fundamentals of smart polymer composites, including structure-property relationships and conjugated polymers. Other sections examine optical applications, including the use of polymer-based smart composites for luminescent solar concentrators, electro-chromic applications, light conversion applications, ultraviolet shielding applications, LED encapsulation applications, sensor applications, including gas-sensing, strain sensing, robotics and tactile sensors, with final sections covering energy-related applications, including energy harvesting, conversion, storage, vibrational energy harvesting, and more. This is an essential guide for researchers, scientists and advanced students in smart polymers and materials, polymer science, composites, nanocomposites, electronics and materials science. It is also a valuable book for scientists, R&D professionals and engineers working with products that could utilize smart polymer composites.

Aquaculture Facilities and Equipment is a practical resource on the technical aspects needed for experts in the field to understand a high-performance aquaculture facility, its design and form, and the materials and systems used within the facility. The book is written at a level suitable for both field experts and students alike. It includes topics such as pond construction machinery, pumps for aquaculture, aeration for aquaculture, fish feeders, filtration systems in aquaculture, hatchery, raceways and tanks, and cage and pen culture. This book is based on 30 years of research that is presented as a useful reference to enhance efficient aquaculture production. It will be very helpful for experts working in related fields of fishery development and for those teaching fishery science and engineering courses.

Engineering Principles of Unit Operations in Food Processing, volume 1 in the Woodhead Publishing Series, In Unit Operations and Processing Equipment in the Food Industry series, presents basic principles of food engineering with an emphasis on unit operations, such as heat transfer, mass transfer and fluid mechanics.

Foodborne Infections and Intoxications, Fifth Edition brings together up-to-date, relevant interdisciplinary expertise of 70 authors presenting foodborne disease pathogens and toxins, microbiology, disease diagnosis and treatment, epidemiology, and disease prevention in the context of public health and food safety regulation. Beginning with the estimation of foodborne disease burden at the international scale, this book dives deep in foodborne disease outbreak investigation, food safety risk assessment, and molecular analysis, together with detailed descriptions of the major bacteria, viruses, parasites, and toxins associated with foodborne illness. This new edition also emphasizes development of risk-based approaches to food safety and safety regulation implementation. This book is a valuable scientific resource for understanding causes and management of foodborne diseases. The new edition offers the latest knowledge and updates on foodborne infections and intoxications and food safety for multiple generations of students, investigators, public health workers, food scientists, and food safety practitioners.

Nanostructured Photocatalysts: From Fundamental to Practical Applications offers a good opportunity for academic, industrial researchers and engineers to gain insights on the fundamental principles and updated knowledge on the engineering aspects and various practical applications of photocatalysis. This book comprehensively and systematically reviews photocatalytic fundamental aspects, ranging from reaction mechanism, kinetic modeling, nanocatalyst synthesis and design, essential material characterization using advanced techniques, and novel reactor design and scale-up. Future perspectives, techno-economical evaluation and lifecycle assessment of photocatalytic processes are also provided. Finally, a wide range of practical, important and emerging photocatalytic applications, namely wastewater treatment, air pollution remediation, renewable and green energy generation, and vital chemical production are thoroughly covered, making this book useful and beneficial for engineers, scientists, academic researchers, undergraduates and postgraduates.

Natural Polyphenols from Wood: Tannin and Lignin - An Industrial Perspective is a detailed guide to the sourcing and processing of tannin and lignin for valuable advanced applications across areas such as fuels, chemicals, drugs, and food. Drawing on the latest academic research and patent literature, this book provides strong practical understanding of the use of these valuable materials in novel industrial applications. This book introduces natural polyphenols from wood and the fundamental aspects of carbon management within the tree. In-depth presentation of extraction and characterization methods is followed by an extensive coverage of practical and industrial applications of wood polyphenols. This is an essential resource for researchers and advanced students working with lignin or tannin, and across biopolymer science, biomass, wood chemistry, paper, wood adhesives, polymer materials, renewable resources, and biotechnology. It also supports industrial R&D and scientists working with wood polyphenols or bio-based polymers.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Process Systems Engineering offers a broad perspective on the issues related to artificial intelligence technologies and their applications in chemical and process engineering. The book comprehensively introduces the methodology and applications of AI technologies in process systems engineering, making it an indispensable reference for researchers and students. As chemical processes and systems are usually non-linear and complex, thus making it challenging to apply AI methods and technologies, this book is an ideal resource on emerging areas such as cloud computing, big data, the industrial Internet of Things and deep learning. With process systems engineering's potential to become one of the driving forces for the development of AI technologies, this book covers all the right bases.

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Chemistry, Production, Products, and Utilization assesses the Hibiscus sabdariffa plant for food and nonfood uses, as well as for its use as fixed or essential oils. The chapters explore Hibiscus sabdariffa breeding, production, composition, storage, and quality related to the chemistry, nutrition, antioxidant activity, and traditional uses of its bioactive components. This book also includes coverage of medicinal, pharmacological, therapeutic, and cosmetic uses of Hibiscus sabdariffa. This book will be of interest to nutritionists, food scientists, chemists, ethnobotanists, pharmacists, academics, undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals working with medicinal plants.

ASM Handbook, Volume 2A is intended for users of aluminum alloys seeking information on the processes, capabilities, and variables in producing and fabricating aluminum products. Beginning with the classification and underlying physical metallurgy of aluminum alloys, this new handbook is a significant update and expansion of coverage on the technologies of aluminum casting, metalworking, composite processing, heat treating, surface treatment and joining. Updates address ongoing advances in high-integrity die castings, expanded coverage on surface treatment technologies, and contributions from experts in a wide variety of technological areas. New articles address aluminum recycling, melt processing, solidification and castability of aluminum alloys, extrusion, forging design, aluminum foams, semisolid casting, powder and additive technologies, quenching, laser machining, anodizing, organic coating, conversion coating, and laser welding. Significant updates are included on brazing, extrusion, anodizing, welding, and shape casting. Volume 2A provides a detailed and broad-based reference that can give readers insights and solutions on the factors that influence process selection, product quality, performance, and serviceability of aluminum products.

Photocatalysis: Fundamental Processes and Applications, Volume 32 in the Interface Science and Technology Series, discusses the fundamental aspects of photocatalysis and its process and applications to the decontamination of wastewater, hydrogen production via water splitting, and photo reduction of carbon dioxide to hydrocarbon. The book discusses the fundamental aspects of all applications together with their proper mechanisms, thus providing essential information for deep research in the area of clean environment and green energy production.

Handbook of Nano-biomaterials for Therapeutics and Diagnostic Applications covers in-depth topics on nano-biomaterials and nano drug delivery systems (biosensors and bioimaging) involving polymer nanocomposites, metal nanocomposites, and other carbon family fibers and proteins. The book covers the current application of tiny machines or nanodevices and their use as early detection systems for life threatening diseases, giving detailed literature on the development of nanodevices, their use as diagnostic tools, and their present trend in the industry and market. In addition, their synthesis, potential applications and future of smart nanodevices in diagnosis of diseases and their use as smart clinical devices is covered. Users will find sections on recent advances in interdisciplinary research on the processing, morphology, structure and properties of nanostructured materials and their applications in drug delivery for various diseases such as cancer, tuberculosis, Alzheimer disease, ophthalmic diseases, and more.

Adsorption: Fundamental Processes and Applications, Volume 33 in the Interface Science and Technology Series, discusses the great technological importance of adsorption and describes how adsorbents are used on a large scale as desiccants, catalysts, catalyst supports, in the separation of gases, the purification of liquids, pollution control, and in respiratory protection. Finally, it explores how adsorption phenomena play a vital role in many solid-state reactions and biological mechanisms, as well as stressing the importance of the widespread use of adsorption techniques in the characterization of surface properties and the texture of fine powders.

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, Volume 95 provides information on nutrients in foods and how to avoid their deficiency in the diet. Topics covered include nutrigenomic modulation of inflammation and its related diseases through food and dietary bioactive compounds, preparation, structural characteristics and physiological property of resistant starch, emerging prebiotics, utilization of smart dry aging as a tool to improve meat quality, impact of nitrite reduction on the aroma of fermented meat product, strategies to limit meat wastage, DNA-based authentication of seafood, quality aspects of European virgin olive oils registered as PDOs/PGIs with emphasis on nutrient and non-nutrient bioactives, and much more. The series provides the latest advances on the identification and characterization of emerging bioactive compounds with putative health benefits, as well as up-to-date information on food science, including raw materials, production, processing, distribution and consumption.