World-historical questions such as these, the subjects of major works by Jared Diamond, David Landes, and others, are now of great moment as global frictions increase. In a spirited and original contribution to this quickening discussion, two renowned historians, father and son, explore the webs that have drawn humans together in patterns of interaction and exchange, cooperation and competition, since earliest times. Whether small or large, loose or dense, these webs have provided the medium for the movement of ideas, goods, power, and money within and across cultures, societies, and nations. From the thin, localized webs that characterized agricultural communities twelve thousand years ago, through the denser, more interactive metropolitan webs that surrounded ancient Sumer, Athens, and Timbuktu, to the electrified global web that today envelops virtually the entire world in a maelstrom of cooperation and competition, J. R. McNeill and William H. McNeill show human webs to be a key component of world history and a revealing framework of analysis. Avoiding any determinism, environmental or cultural, the McNeills give us a synthesizing picture of the big patterns of world history in a rich, open-ended, concise account.

This book contributes to the scholarly debate on the forms and patterns of interaction and discourse in modern digital communication by probing some of the social functions that online communication has for its users. An array of experts and scholars in the field address a range of forms of social interaction and discourses expressed by users on social networks and in public media. Social functions are reflected through linguistic and discursive practices that are either those of 'convergence' or 'controversy' in terms of how the discourse participants handle interpersonal relations or how they construct meanings in discourses. In this sense, the book elaborates on some very central concerns in the area of digital discourse analysis that have been reported within the last decade from various methodological perspectives ranging from sociolinguistics and pragmatics to corpus linguistics. This edited collection will be of particular interest to scholars and students in the fields of digital discourse analysis, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, social media and communication, and media and cultural studies.

This edited book presents point of view and the work being undertaken by active researchers in the domain of IOT and its applications with societal impact. The book is useful to other researchers for the understanding of the research domain and different points of views expressed by the experts in their contributed chapters. The contributions are from both industry and academia; hence, it provides a rich source of both theoretical and practical work going on in the research domain of IOT.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th Russian Supercomputing Days, RuSCDays 2021, held in Moscow, Russia, in September 2021.The 37 revised full papers and 3 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: supercomputer simulation; HPC, BigData, AI: architectures, technologies, tools; and distributed and cloud computing.

This book provides the state-of-the-art development on security and privacy for fog/edge computing, together with their system architectural support and applications. This book is organized into five parts with a total of 15 chapters. Each area corresponds to an important snapshot. The first part of this book presents an overview of fog/edge computing, focusing on its relationship with cloud technology and the future with the use of 5G communication. Several applications of edge computing are discussed. The second part of this book considers several security issues in fog/edge computing, including the secure storage and search services, collaborative intrusion detection method on IoT-fog computing, and the feasibility of deploying Byzantine agreement protocols in untrusted environments. The third part of this book studies the privacy issues in fog/edge computing. It first investigates the unique privacy challenges in fog/edge computing, and then discusses a privacy-preserving framework for the edge-based video analysis, a popular machine learning application on fog/edge. This book also covers the security architectural design of fog/edge computing, including a comprehensive overview of vulnerabilities in fog/edge computing within multiple architectural levels, the security and intelligent management, the implementation of network-function-virtualization-enabled multicasting in part four. It explains how to use the blockchain to realize security services. The last part of this book surveys applications of fog/edge computing, including the fog/edge computing in Industrial IoT, edge-based augmented reality, data streaming in fog/edge computing, and the blockchain-based application for edge-IoT. This book is designed for academics, researchers and government officials, working in the field of fog/edge computing and cloud computing. Practitioners, and business organizations (e.g., executives, system designers, and marketing professionals), who conduct teaching, research, decision making, and designing fog/edge technology will also benefit from this book The content of this book will be particularly useful for advanced-level students studying computer science, computer technology, and information systems, but also applies to students in business, education, and economics, who would benefit from the information, models, and case studies therein.

Quality. We all make judgments about it every day. Yet articulating a clear definition of quality in an investing context is challenging. This book addresses the challenge, and distills years of practical investing experience into a definitive account of this under-explored investment philosophy. Finance theory has it that abnormal outcomes do not persist, that exceptional performance will soon enough become average performance. Quality investing involves seeking companies with the right attributes to overcome these forces of mean reversion and, crucially, owning these outstanding companies for the long term. This book pinpoints and explains the characteristics that increase the probability of a company prospering over time - as well as those that hinder such chances. Throughout, a series of fascinating real-life case studies illustrate the traits that signify quality, as well as some that flatter to deceive. The authors' firm, AKO Capital, has a strong track record of finding and investing in quality companies - helping it deliver a compound annual growth rate more than double that of the market since inception.Quality Investing sheds light on the investment philosophy, processes and tough lessons that have contributed to this consistent outperformance.

Have big dreams? Kick start them with JavaScript! If we've learned one thing from the Millennial generation, it's that no one is too young to make history online. JavaScript For Kids For Dummies introduces pre-teens and early teens alike to the world of JavaScript, which is an integral programming language that drives the functionality of websites and apps. This informative, yet engaging text guides you through the basics of coding with JavaScript, and is an essential resource if you want to expand your technology skills while following easy, step-by-step instructions. Through small, goal-oriented projects, you learn key coding concepts, while actually creating apps, games, and more. This hands-on experience, coupled with the presentation of ideas in a simple style, allows you to both learn and retain JavaScript fundamentals. JavaScript has been heralded as 'the programming language of the web,' and many kids are interested in learning how to use it; however, most schools don't offer coding classes at this level, and most families can't afford the high cost of coding classes through a summer camp. But this can't stop you from developing your JavaScript coding skills! This fun text is all you need to get started on your JavaScript journey. * Explore the basics of JavaScript through the creation of a calculator app * Deepen your understanding of HTML, arrays, and variables by building a grocery shopping app * Learn conditional logic through the development of a choose your own adventure game * Discover loops and strings by creating a lemonade stand app and MadLibs-style game JavaScript For Kids For Dummies brings pre-teens and early teens into the world of coding by teaching them one of the key Web design languages.

This two-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications, and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2021, held in October 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually.The 62 full papers and 7 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 206 submissions. The papers reflect the conference sessions as follows: Optimization for Collaborate System; Optimization based on Collaborative Computing; UVA and Traffic system; Recommendation System; Recommendation System & Network and Security; Network and Security; Network and Security & IoT and Social Networks; IoT and Social Networks & Images handling and human recognition; Images handling and human recognition & Edge Computing; Edge Computing; Edge Computing & Collaborative working; Collaborative working & Deep Learning and application; Deep Learning and application; Deep Learning and application; Deep Learning and application & UVA.

In the wake of Edward Snowden's revelations, and concern that the internet has heightened rather than combatted various forms of political and social inequality, it is time we ask: What comes after a broken internet? Ramesh Srinivasan and Adam Fish reimagine the internet from the perspective of grassroots activists and citizens on the margins of political and economic power. They explore how the fragments of the existing internet are being utilised alongside a range of peoples, places, and laws to make change possible. From indigenous and non-western communities and activists in Tahrir Square, to imprisoned hackers and whistleblowers, this book illustrates how post-digital cultures are changing the internet as we know it - from a system which is increasingly centralized, commodified, and "personalized", into something more in line with its original spirit: autonomous, creative, subversive. Written by two highly respected scholars in the field, this compelling book is essential reading for anyone concerned with the quality and future of the internet.

Software engineering and computer science students need a resource that explains how to apply design patterns at the enterprise level, allowing them to design and implement systems of high stability and quality. Software Architecture Design Patterns in Java is a detailed explanation of how to apply design patterns and develop software architectures. It provides in-depth examples in Java, and guides students by detailing when, why, and how to use specific patterns. This textbook presents 42 design patterns, including 23 GoF patterns. Categories include: Basic, Creational, Collectional, Structural, Behavioral, and Concurrency, with multiple examples for each. The discussion of each pattern includes an example implemented in Java. The source code for all examples is found on a companion Web site. The author explains the content so that it is easy to understand, and each pattern discussion includes Practice Questions to aid instructors. The textbook concludes with a case study that pulls several patterns together to demonstrate how patterns are not applied in isolation, but collaborate within domains to solve complicated problems.

This two volume set (CCIS 1451 and 1452) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference of Pioneering Computer Scientists, Engineers and Educators, ICPCSEE 2021 held in Taiyuan, China, in September 2021.The 81 papers presented in these two volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 256 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on big data management and applications; social media and recommendation systems; infrastructure for data science; basic theory and techniques for data science; machine learning for data science; multimedia data management and analysis; social media and recommendation systems; data security and privacy; applications of data science; education research, methods and materials for data science and engineering; research demo.

This is the dramatic story of how a noted tech venture capitalist, an early mentor to Mark Zuckerberg and investor in his company, woke up to the serious damage Facebook was doing to our society and set out to try to stop it. If you had told Roger McNamee three years ago that he would soon be devoting himself to stopping Facebook from destroying democracy, he would have howled with laughter. He had mentored many tech leaders in his illustrious career as an investor, but few things had made him prouder, or been better for his fund's bottom line, than his early service to Mark Zuckerberg. Still a large shareholder in Facebook, he had every good reason to stay on the bright side. Until he simply couldn't. Zucked is McNamee's intimate reckoning with the catastrophic failure of the head of one of the world's most powerful companies to face up to the damage he is doing. It's a story that begins with a series of rude awakenings. First there is the author's dawning realization that the platform is being manipulated by some very bad actors. Then there is the even more unsettling realization that Zuckerberg and Sheryl Sandberg are unable or unwilling to share his concerns, polite as they may be to his face. And then comes Brexit and the election of Donald Trump, and the emergence of one horrific piece of news after another about the malign ends to which the Facebook platform has been put. To McNamee's shock, Facebook's leaders still duck and dissemble, viewing the matter as a public relations problem. Now thoroughly alienated, McNamee digs into the issue, and fortuitously meets up with some fellow travellers who share his concerns, and help him sharpen its focus. Soon he and a dream team of Silicon Valley technologists are charging into the fray, to raise consciousness about the existential threat of Facebook, and the persuasion architecture of the attention economy more broadly - to our public health and to our political order. Zucked is both an enthralling personal narrative and a masterful explication of the forces that have conspired to place us all on the horns of this dilemma. This is the story of a company and its leadership, but it's also a larger tale of a business sector unmoored from normal constraints, at a moment of political and cultural crisis, the worst possible time to be given new tools for summoning the darker angels of our nature and whipping them into a frenzy. This is a wise, hard-hitting, and urgently necessary account that crystallizes the issue definitively for the rest of us.

Most programming languages contain good and bad parts, but JavaScript has more than its share of the bad, having been developed and released in a hurry before it could be refined. This authoritative book scrapes away these bad features to reveal a subset of JavaScript that's more reliable, readable, and maintainable than the language as a whole-a subset you can use to create truly extensible and efficient code. Considered the JavaScript expert by many people in the development community, author Douglas Crockford identifies the abundance of good ideas that make JavaScript an outstanding object-oriented programming language-ideas such as functions, loose typing, dynamic objects, and an expressive object literal notation. Unfortunately, these good ideas are mixed in with bad and downright awful ideas, like a programming model based on global variables. When Java applets failed, JavaScript became the language of the Web by default, making its popularity almost completely independent of its qualities as a programming language. In JavaScript: The Good Parts, Crockford finally digs through the steaming pile of good intentions and blunders to give you a detailed look at all the genuinely elegant parts of JavaScript, including: * Syntax * Objects * Functions * Inheritance * Arrays * Regular expressions * Methods * Style * Beautiful features The real beauty? As you move ahead with the subset of JavaScript that this book presents, you'll also sidestep the need to unlearn all the bad parts. Of course, if you want to find out more about the bad parts and how to use them badly, simply consult any other JavaScript book. With JavaScript: The Good Parts, you'll discover a beautiful, elegant, lightweight and highly expressive language that lets you create effective code, whether you're managing object libraries or just trying to get Ajax to run fast. If you develop sites or applications for the Web, this book is an absolute must.

This book proposes new technologies and discusses future solutions for ICT design infrastructures, as reflected in high-quality papers presented at the 5th International Conference on ICT for Sustainable Development (ICT4SD 2020), held in Goa, India, on 23-24 July 2020. The conference provided a valuable forum for cutting-edge research discussions among pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers, and students from all around the world. Bringing together experts from different countries, the book explores a range of central issues from an international perspective.

The information infrastructure - comprising computers, embedded devices, networks and software systems - is vital to operations in every sector: chemicals, commercial facilities, communications, critical manufacturing, dams, defense industrial base, emergency services, energy, financial services, food and agriculture, government facilities, healthcare and public health, information technology, nuclear reactors, materials and waste, transportation systems, and water and wastewater systems. Global business and industry, governments, indeed society itself, cannot function if major components of the critical information infrastructure are degraded, disabled or destroyed.Critical Infrastructure Protection XIV describes original research results and innovative applications in the interdisciplinary field of critical infrastructure protection. Also, it highlights the importance of weaving science, technology and policy in crafting sophisticated, yet practical, solutions that will help secure information, computer and network assets in the various critical infrastructure sectors. Areas of coverage include: Aviation Infrastructure Security; Vehicle Infrastructure Security; Telecommunications Systems Security; Industrial Control Systems Security; Cyber-Physical Systems Security; and Infrastructure Modeling and Simulation. This book is the fourteenth volume in the annual series produced by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group 11.10 on Critical Infrastructure Protection, an international community of scientists, engineers, practitioners and policy makers dedicated to advancing research, development and implementation efforts focused on infrastructure protection. The book contains a selection of sixteen edited papers from the Fourteenth Annual IFIP WG 11.10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, held at SRI International, Arlington, Virginia, USA in the spring of 2020. Critical Infrastructure Protection XIV is an important resource for researchers, faculty members and graduate students, as well as for policy makers, practitioners and other individuals with interests in homeland security.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the Fourth IFIP TC 12 International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Data Science, ICCIDS 2021, held in Chennai, India, in March 2021. The 20 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 75 submissions. The papers cover topics such as computational intelligence for text analysis; computational intelligence for image and video analysis; blockchain and data science.

At last researchers have an inexpensive library of Java-based numeric procedures for use in scientific computation. The first and only book of its kind, A Numeric Library in Java for Scientists and Engineers is a translation into Java of the library NUMAL (NUMerical procedures in Algol 60).

This groundbreaking text presents procedural descriptions for linear algebra, ordinary and partial differential equations, optimization, parameter estimation, mathematical physics, and other tools that are indispensable to any dynamic research group.

The book offers test programs that allow researchers to execute the examples provided; users are free to construct their own tests and apply the numeric procedures to them in order to observe a successful computation or simulate failure. The entry for each procedure is logically presented, with name, usage parameters, and Java code included.

This handbook serves as a powerful research tool, enabling the performance of critical computations in Java. It stands as a cost-efficient alternative to expensive commercial software package of procedural components.

The Government's e-envoy promised in a recent FT article that 'public services will be on-line by 2005 target'. By the end of 2002 taking these services online will have cost AGBP3 billion. The task involved is huge, both in terms of human and IT resources. Implementing e-Government is a 'must-have' guide to consultants and civil servants charged with the process. Gloria Evans provides advice and background for addressing the issues at hand and provides the key building blocks for planning, designing and implementing a workable strategy. The book includes: c A comparison of the where we were, where we are now and where we need to get to; c An explanation of each of the key drivers behind the process; c A detailed model of the building blocks needed; c Guidance on how to work across departments and agencies; c An overview of the various sources of advice and influence; c An explanation of the main e-Government technologies; c A step-by-step blueprint for planning and implementing the process from scratch. The main text uses a working medical services case study to illustrate how the outcomes of the various stages might be seen and measured and there is a set of 11 scenarios which put the e-Government process into a range of contexts.

Concurrency is a powerful technique for developing efficient and lightning- fast software. For instance, concurrency can be used in common applications such as online order processing to speed processing and ensure transaction reliability. However, mastering concurrency is one of the greatest challenges for both new and veteran programmers. Software developers with all levels of experience can refer to Creating Components: Object Oriented, Concurrent, and Distributed Computing in Java to better understand how concurrency works, more effectively deploy it in program components, and reuse these components to improve program design, quality, and performance.

This text introduces concurrent and component programming to students, engineers, and programmers who are familiar with Java and procedural and GUI programming. It helps them to understand and apply concurrency in Java component programming, while exploring distributed program implementation, Java threads, objects, interfaces, exceptions, component reuse, and system design and management.

By providing the fundamental concepts of object-oriented components and offering templates for distributed program components, this valuable resource reveals how programmers can apply concurrency and components to solve complex problems.

Get the most from your electronic marketing resources
Internets, Intranets, and Extranets: New Waves in Channel Surfing examines cutting-edge research on the strategies and practices for managing electronic channels of information distribution. The leading experts working in Web-enabled marketing technologies address the most pressing topics of channel management, presenting descriptive--and prescriptive--insights into the complex network of virtual links between people and places. This unique book looks at the "death of distance" from a global perspective, offering critical commentary on how to strengthen the connection between Web-linked buyers and sellers.
Internets, Intranets, and Extranets presents a framework for working with e-business technologies that will help you develop electronic distribution strategies to maximize channel efficiency. The book addresses the signaling cues in marketing channels, examining the issues that affect the systemic flow of information, products, and services, including: the mediating role of channel structure on channel performance the transaction costs of cybermediaries the Internet's impact on independent sales agents the effects of brand familiarity and Web site vividness the analysis of electronic intermediaries in conventional distribution channels and the organizational and environmental factors involved in Internet-based marketing channels Internets, Intranets, and Extranets: New Waves in Channel Surfing is an essential resource for distribution managers, logisticians, and researchers interested in cutting-edge principles and practices in electronic distribution channels. The book is also an ideal supplement for academics working in electronic commerce study.

Get the most from your electronic marketing resources Internets, Intranets, and Extranets: New Waves in Channel Surfing examines cutting-edge research on the strategies and practices for managing electronic channels of information distribution. The leading experts working in Web-enabled marketing technologies address the most pressing topics of channel management, presenting descriptive and prescriptive insights into the complex network of virtual links between people and places. This unique book looks at the death of distance from a global perspective, offering critical commentary on how to strengthen the connection between Web-linked buyers and sellers. Internets, Intranets, and Extranets presents a framework for working with e-business technologies that will help you develop electronic distribution strategies to maximize channel efficiency.The book addresses the signaling cues in marketing channels, examining the issues that affect the systemic flow of information, products, and services, including: the mediating role of channel structure on channel performance the transaction costs of cybermediaries the Internet's impact on independent sales agents the effects of brand familiarity and Web site vividness the analysis of electronic intermediaries in conventional distribution channels and the organizational and environmental factors involved in Internet-based marketing channels Internets, Intranets, and Extranets: New Waves in Channel Surfing is an essential resource for distribution managers, logisticians, and researchers interested in cutting-edge principles and practices in electronic distribution channels. The book is also an ideal supplement for academics working in electronic commerce study.

Recently machine learning schemes have attained significant attention as key enablers for next-generation wireless systems. Currently, wireless systems are mostly using machine learning schemes that are based on centralizing the training and inference processes by migrating the end-devices data to a third party centralized location. However, these schemes lead to end-devices privacy leakage. To address these issues, one can use a distributed machine learning at network edge. In this context, federated learning (FL) is one of most important distributed learning algorithm, allowing devices to train a shared machine learning model while keeping data locally. However, applying FL in wireless networks and optimizing the performance involves a range of research topics. For example, in FL, training machine learning models require communication between wireless devices and edge servers via wireless links. Therefore, wireless impairments such as uncertainties among wireless channel states, interference, and noise significantly affect the performance of FL. On the other hand, federated-reinforcement learning leverages distributed computation power and data to solve complex optimization problems that arise in various use cases, such as interference alignment, resource management, clustering, and network control. Traditionally, FL makes the assumption that edge devices will unconditionally participate in the tasks when invited, which is not practical in reality due to the cost of model training. As such, building incentive mechanisms is indispensable for FL networks. This book provides a comprehensive overview of FL for wireless networks. It is divided into three main parts: The first part briefly discusses the fundamentals of FL for wireless networks, while the second part comprehensively examines the design and analysis of wireless FL, covering resource optimization, incentive mechanism, security and privacy. It also presents several solutions based on optimization theory, graph theory, and game theory to optimize the performance of federated learning in wireless networks. Lastly, the third part describes several applications of FL in wireless networks.

This book covers the topics on cyber security in IoT systems used in different verticals such as agriculture, health, homes, transportation within the context of smart cities. The authors provide an analysis of the importance of developing smart cities by incorporating technologies such as IoT to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) within the agenda 2030. Furthermore, it includes an analysis of the cyber security challenges generated by IoT systems due to factors such as heterogeneity, lack of security in design and few hardware resources in these systems, and how they should be addressed from a risk analysis approach, evaluating the risk analysis methodologies widely used in traditional IT systems.

This book introduces the state-of-the-art algorithms for data and computation privacy. It mainly focuses on searchable symmetric encryption algorithms and privacy preserving multi-party computation algorithms. This book also introduces algorithms for breaking privacy, and gives intuition on how to design algorithm to counter privacy attacks. Some well-designed differential privacy algorithms are also included in this book. Driven by lower cost, higher reliability, better performance, and faster deployment, data and computing services are increasingly outsourced to clouds. In this computing paradigm, one often has to store privacy sensitive data at parties, that cannot fully trust and perform privacy sensitive computation with parties that again cannot fully trust. For both scenarios, preserving data privacy and computation privacy is extremely important. After the Facebook-Cambridge Analytical data scandal and the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation by European Union, users are becoming more privacy aware and more concerned with their privacy in this digital world. This book targets database engineers, cloud computing engineers and researchers working in this field. Advanced-level students studying computer science and electrical engineering will also find this book useful as a reference or secondary text.

This book provides a timely and comprehensive study of developing efficient network slicing frameworks in both 5G wireless and core networks. It also presents protocol stack layer perspectives, which includes virtual network topology design, end-to-end delay modeling, dynamic resource slicing, and link-layer and transport-layer protocol customization. This book provides basic principles, concepts and technologies for communication, computing and networking. Optimization and queueing analysis techniques are applied to solving different problems for network slicing illustrated in this book as well. Researchers working in the area of network slicing in 5G networks and beyond, and advanced-level students majoring in electrical engineering, computer engineering and computer science will find this book useful as a reference or secondary textbook. Professionals in industry seeking solutions to resource management for 5G networks and beyond will also want to purchase this book.