Contents:
Chapter 1. Introduction. The Nature of Development Control. Forms of Control. Actors in the Process. The Themes of the Book. Chapter 2: The Origins of Development Control. Medieval Controls. The Development of Markets in Land and the Necessity of Landlord Control. The Extension of Public Controls. Leasehold Agreements and their Efforts. The Privatization of Public Control. The Administration of Control in the 17th and 18th Centuries. Chapter 3: The Failure of Leasehold Control and the Rise of Public Intervention. The Failure of the Leasehold System. Leasehold Reform. By-Law Control and the Extension of Public Control. The Weakness of By-Law Regulation. Chapter 4: Development Control in the Early Planning System. The 1909 Act: Control in the First Planning Schemes. Compensation and Betterment. The Maturing of the System in the 1920s. Circular 1305. Control Over Land-Use. The 1932 Act and Interim Development Control. Discretionary Power. Chapter 5: The 1947 Act: Universal Control of Development. The Purpose of Development Control in the 1947 act. The Nationalization of Development Rights. Compensation and Betterment. Development Control in the 1950s and 1960s. The Reform of the Development Plans System. The 1967 Management Study of Development Control. Chapter 6: The Call for Reforms: Development Control in the 1970s. Property Speculation 1970-73 and its Impact on Development Control. The Dobry Report. The 8th Report of the Expenditure Committee. Chapter 7: Development Control Under the Conservatives. Planning Control and Deregulation. Limiting Local Authority Power. Development Control in the Service of Economic Development. Local and National Policy: Plans v. Government Circulars. Planning Gain. Design Control. Development in the Green Belt. Chapter 8: Development Control in the 1990s: a Plan-Led System? The Planning and Compensation Acts and its Effects. Planning Obligations. The Role of Plans in Development Control. Chapter 9: Conclusion: The Future of Development Control. The Strengths and Weaknesses of British Development Control. Future Directions.

This is a unique text providing both design guidance and policy direction for the provision and design of public toilets covering city-wide, district-level and site-specific principles. It highlights the role of urban design in reversing the trend of inadequate toilet provision, and sets out guidelines for design which meets both user need and provider requirements.

Greed presents the fundamental principle that toilets should not be dealt with in isolation from mainstream urban policy, but that they should be seen as a serious core component in both strategic urban policy and local area design. She argues toilets are valuable townscape features in their own right as manifestation civic pride and good urban design - essential architectural components which add to the quality and viability of an area.
Although a range of design guidance on toilets exists there is still considerable dissatisfaction with the end product in terms of building design, levels of provision, location, safety, layout, DDA requirements and accessibility. By outlining user demands and provider constraints, Greed shows that it is essential for architects to have an informed understanding and practical knowledge of toilet issues when working with public and private sector providers.
Examples of toilet architecture from other countries, and policies from different cultural settings, are included for comparative purposes to invigorate UK perspectives.
* Brings user needs and provider considerations to the attention of urban designers and architects
* International examples of toilet architecture and policies facilitate refreshing comparisons
* The first book to deal with toilets as an integral partof urban design

This book offers an in-depth look at how changing ideas of what nature is and what it means for the United States, have been represented in buildings and landscapes over the past century.

The word "nature" comes from natura, Latin for birth - as do the words nation, native and innate. But nature and nation share more than a common root, they share a common history where one term has been used to define the other. In the United States, the relationship between nation and nature has been central to its colonial and post-colonial history, from the idea of the noble savage to the myth of the frontier. Narrated, painted and filmed, American landscapes have been central to the construction of a national identity.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203402030

Building the Post-war World examines the way in which World War II and the ten years of reconstruction that followed saw the establishment of modern architecture in Britain. It charts the opportunities created by post-war rebuilding showing how the spirit of innovation and experimentation necessary to winning the war found applications in reconstruction. Above all it shows how hopes for a new and better world became linked to the fortunes of new architecture.

Quantum City explores the metaphorical relationships between quantum theory, urban design and the concept of the city, with a very serious aim: to radically change the way the urban realm is both experienced and designed.Using the terminology and themes of quantum theory and the 'new physics', the author draws the reader into an intriguing discussion of the principles, practices and operations of urbanism. This new language offers the missing interface between the different disciplines of the city, and promises to be a potent metaphor for the development of various theories for the 21st century city.Challenging traditional approaches to the theory of cities, this thought-provoking book will be enjoyed by both design professionals and anyone interested in the city, its history and culture.

Christopher Neve's classic book is a journey into the imagination through the English landscape. How is it that artists, by thinking in paint, have come to regard the landscape as representing states of mind? 'Painting', says Neve, 'is a process of finding out, and landscape can be its thesis.' What he is writing is not precisely art history: it is about pictures, about landscape and about thought. Over the years, he was able to have discussions with many of the thirty or so artists he focuses on, the inspiration for the book having come from his talks with Ben Nicholson; and he has immersed himself in their work, their countryside, their ideas. Because he is a painter himself, and an expert on 20th-century art, Neve is well equipped for such a journey. Few writers have conveyed more vividly the mixture of motives, emotions, unconscious forces and contradictions which culminate in the creative act of painting. Each of the thirteen chapters has a theme and explores its significance for one or more of the artists. The problem of time, for instance, is considered in relation to Paul Nash, God in relation to David Jones, music to Ivon Hitchens, hysteria to Edward Burra, abstraction to Ben Nicholson, 'the spirit in the mass' to David Bomberg. There are also chapters about painters' ideas on specific types of country: about Eric Ravilious and the chalk landscape, Joan Eardley and the sea, and Cedric Morris and the garden.

Computer-based transportation applications and databases have been a fact of life for several decades. Transportation information, however, has often not been accessible in a user-friendly manner, and integrating data from diverse sources has too often been a challenge in itself. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have revolutionized spatial planning and decision making by using the spatial dimension of the depicted world as a common thread according to which all information can be referenced. The application of GIS to transportation research (GIS-T) is quickly becoming a mature domain of application of the GIS technology and has gained full recognition among transportation practitioners and academics.
This book fills a void by providing an overview of the state-of-the-art of GIS for transportation, from data management issues, to data manipulation and analysis, including considerations brought to the forefront by real-time and mobile computing. The twenty-two original contributions by internationally acclaimed authors will be a key reference for practitioners, students and scholars.

This book, the result of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat 6th World Congress: Cities in the Third Millennium, examines the issues which must be addressed if we are to have a common understanding of the forces of change.
Experts in architecture, engineering and planning contribute a commentary on the existing condition of urban design, sociology and tall buildings, and expand the boundaries of new construction and engineering technology.

eBook available with sample pages: 020346754X

Globalization, the shape of cities, the future of cities, the increasing gap between rich and poor inhabitants, and ethnic and racial segregation, are the key themes of this book. From their experiences of a wide range of cities, from Warsaw to Istanbul, Sao Paulo to New York, the authors examine what might be done to improve the lot of the citizen.

The book when it first appeared was also well received by "House and Garden Architecture Forum" and "Landscape Architecture." "The handsome book will be a joy to possess for those who love beauty in architecture and cultivated nature," so wrote Pearl S. Buck. In 1940 Henry Inn of Honolulu, art collector, designer, and photographer, produced a collection of Chinese architectural pictures that is extraordinary.

Although probably the only record of its kind, many of the photographs were taken as recently as 1936. Of those locations very few remain if any. A veteran traveller to his ancestral homeland, Henry In had an extraordinarily wide set of acquaintances which gave him an entrance into some of the choicest homes and gardens throughout China. This combination of artistic shell and unusual opportunity are unique.

Urban planning in today's world is inextricably linked to the processes of mass urbanization and modernization which have transformed our lives over the last hundred years. Written by leading experts and commentators from around the world, this collection of original essays will form an unprecedented critical survey of the state of urban planning at the end of the millennium.

Achieving Sustainable Urban Form represents a major advance in the sustainable development debate. It presents research which defines elements of sustainable urban form - density, size, configuration, detailed design and quality - from macro to micro scale. Case studies from Europe, the USA and Australia are used to illustrate good practice within the fields of planning, urban design and architecture.

This book offers an overview of recent scientific and professional literature on urban greening and urban ecology, focusing on diverse disciplines such as landscape architecture, geography, urban ecology, urban climatology, biodiversity conservation, urban governance, architecture and urban hydrology. It includes contributions in which academics, public policy experts and practitioners share their considerable knowledge on the multi-faceted aspects of greening cities. The greening of cities has witnessed a global resurgence over the past two decades and has made a significant contribution to urban liveability and sustainability, as well as increasing resilience. As urban greening efforts continue to expand, it is useful to promote recent advances in our understanding of various aspects of planning, design and management of urban greenery, but at the same time, it is also important to realize that there are important gaps in our knowledge and that further research is needed. The book is organized in three main parts: concepts, functions and forms of urban greening. The first part examines the historical roots of greening cities and how the burgeoning field of urban ecology can contribute useful principles and strategies to guide the planning, design and management of urban greening. The second part shifts the focus to the diverse range of services - the functions - provided by urban greening, such as those related to urban climate, urban biodiversity, human health, and community building. The final part explores conventional, often neglected, but important forms of urban greenery such as urban woodlands and urban farms, as well as relatively recent forms of urban greenery like those integrated with buildings and waterways. It offers a ready reference resource for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers to grasp the critical issues and trigger further studies and applications in the quest for high-performance green cities.

Our societies need to solve difficult issues to attain sustainability. The main challenges include, among others, global warming, demographic change, an energy crisis, and loss of biodiversity. In tackling these issues, a holistic understanding of our living space is important. The field of landscape planning and design is at the core the holistic concept and it makes several contributions to achieving sustainability. First, landscape planning and design connects different spatial scales: from site to region to the planet. Second, it focuses on close interrelationships between human activities and nature. Third, it is concerned with people's values toward their surroundings. This book is based on the presentations made by German and Japanese scholars at the international symposium "New Trends of Landscape Design: Seamless Connection of Landscape Planning and Design from Regional to Site Scales - The Cultural Context" held on November 5, 2012, at the Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University.

Many issues such as access for the disabled, childcare facilities, environmental matters, and ethnic minority issues are excluded from town planning considerations by planning authorities. This book shows the concept of "social town planning" to integrate planning policy and practices with the cultural and social issues of the people they are planning for. The first part provides background on the development of a social dimension to the predominantly physical, land use based, British town planning system. It then goes on to investigate a representative selection of minority planning topics, in respect of gender, race, age and disability, cross-linked to the implications for mainstream policy areas such as housing, rural planning and transport. The book also discusses the likely influence of a range of global and European policy initiatives and organisations in changing the agenda of British town planning. Planning for healthy cities, sustainability, social cohesion, and equity are discussed. It then looks at "the problem" from a cultural perspective, arguing that a great weakness in the British system, resulting in ugly and impractical urban design, has been the lack of concern am

Many issues such as access for the disabled, childcare facilities, environmental matters, and ethnic minority issues are excluded from town planning considerations by planning authorities. This book introduces the concept of `social town planning' to integrate planning policy and practices with the cultural and social issues of the people they are planning for. Part 1 provides background on the development of a social dimension to the predominantly physical, land use based, British town planning system. Part 2 investigates a representative selection of minority planning topics, in respect of gender, race, age and disability, cross-linked to the implications for mainstream policy areas such as housing, rural planning and transport. Part 3 discusses the likely influence of a range of global and European policy initiatives and organisations in changing the agenda of British town planning. Planning for healthy cities, sustainability, social cohesion, and equity are discussed. Part 4 looks at `the problem' from a cultural perspective, arguing that a great weakness in the British system, resulting in ugly and impractical urban design, has been the lack of concern among planners with social activities and cultural diversity. Alternative, more culturally inclusive approaches to planning are presented which might transcend the social/spatial dichotomy, such as urban time planning. Concluding that the process of planning must change, the authors ague that the culture and composition of the planning profession must particularly change to be more representative and reflective of the people they are `planning for', in terms of gender, race and minority composition.

The increasingly multilateral and regional nature of security building has given great prominence to cross-cultural aspects of international dialogue. The case studies in this collection examine how and when cultural elements affect arms control and security-building negotiations and policies. They treat issues such as religious, communal and normative orientations towards war and peace; the impact of legacies of conflict, colonialism and state building; attitudes towards regional and multilateral relations; cultural styes of diplomacy and negotiation; the nature of civil-military relations; the societal outlooks on authority, violence and conflict management. Discussing a range of states and regions - the East-West experience, Latin America, China, Southeast Asia, India and the Arab-Israeli conflict - the contributors elaborate a concept of security culture that draws together the diplomatic, political, strategic and social elements athat influence seurity policy-making.

This collection, taken from the period of 1870-1940, focuses on multiple aspects of city and regional planning. Themes such as planning for parks, housing, transportation systems, municipal art and public health are detailed. Eight books are reproduced in their entirety and there is a ninth volume consisting of shorter articles. There is wide reference throughout the set to a variety of major cities including Paris, Vienna, Amsterdam, Berlin, London, Manchester, New York and San Francisco. Key figures collected together in these volumes are Abercrombie, Adams, Bauer, Geddes, Howard, Mumford, Olmstead Jr., Perry, Soria y Mata and Unwin.

This work aims to provide a possible specification of the problems involved in greening the built environment and an articulation of the solutions. It begins with a discussion of sustainability as a concept and its applicability to contemporary towns and cities. The following chapters take up particular aspects of the built environment and sustainability in greater depth and include the construction industry, transport, health, planning, community and equity issues, employment and the economy. The links between environmental damage, poverty and the economy are all themes in this book which also focuses on interconnections and on solutions to these three problems. The final chapter explains how the achievement of sustainable development is, in the authors' opinion, dependent on detailed solutions to everyday problems of modern society.

This work provides a comprehensive introduction to housing studies. Integrating contributions from across the spectrum of areas connected with housing, this multi-disciplinary, topical book is designed for students embarking on degree and diploma courses in housing, surveying, town planning and other related subjects. Professionals within these fields should also find the book useful as a source ofup-to-date information and data. Multi-disciplinary and including many illustrations and examples, this book focuses on key topics which include: equal opportunities and housing organizations; town planning and housing development; housing management, design and development; environmental health and housing; property, housing law, policy-making and politics; housing policy and finance prior to and post Thatcherism; and future policy issues under the new Labour government post 1997. Housing, often the largest item in personal expenditure, is humankind's most essential need after nourishment. Examining ways to satisfy this need, whether through an adequate provision of public or private investment or through mixed funding schemes, the authors stress the importance of housing market activity

This work provides a comprehensive introduction to housing studies. Integrating contributions from across the spectrum of areas connected with housing, this multi-disciplinary, topical book is designed for students embarking on degree and diploma courses in housing, surveying, town planning and other related subjects. Professionals within these fields should also find the book useful as a source ofup-to-date information and data. Multi-disciplinary and including many illustrations and examples, this book focuses on key topics which include: equal opportunities and housing organizations; town planning and housing development; housing management, design and development; environmental health and housing; property, housing law, policy-making and politics; housing policy and finance prior to and post Thatcherism; and future policy issues under the new Labour government post 1997.;Housing, often the largest item in personal expenditure, is humankind's most essential need after nourishment. Examining ways to satisfy this need, whether through an adequate provision of public or private investment or through mixed funding schemes, the authors stress the importance of housing market activity

Contents:
Part One:Theory. The design of spatial decision support systems in ruban and regional planning. How to define problems: a systemic approach. Planning as argumentation and power-acting: theory and methods. Establishing the design professions' perspective on GIS. Geographical information systems and desicion support for environmental management. Reversing decision support systems to reveal differences in human strategizing behaviour. Part Two: Methodology. Urban convergence: morphology and attraction. Integrating constrained cellular automata models, GIS and decision support tools for urban planning and policy-making. Constructing and consulting fuzzy decision tables. An optimization method for facility location using a genetic algorithm. Towards a hybrid technologies for urban design: balancing reliability, power and speed in decision support. GIS and decision support systems for local authorities in Malaysia. Using the 'ALLOT' model in land use decision-making. Neighbourhood management, performance measuring and decision-making. Design tools in an integrated CAD-GIS environment: space syntax as an example. Three-dimensional CAAD modelling: technical constraints and local planning attributes as parameters for conceptual design support and evaluation. Computer-mediated cooperative spatial planning. Parking simulation using a geographical information system. Index.

This professional reference covers in detail the specification of landscape works, giving descriptions, illustrations and standard clauses for the entire range of landscaping operations. It provides a back-up to "Spon's Landscape and External Works Price Book", and the new edition has been linked even more closely to both this and the new edition of "Spon's Landscape Contract Manual".