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Books > Professional & Technical > Mechanical engineering & materials
This book is about Lie group analysis of differential equations for
physical and engineering problems. The topics include: --
Approximate symmetry in nonlinear physical problems -- Complex
methods for Lie symmetry analysis -- Lie group classification,
Symmetry analysis, and conservation laws -- Conservative difference
schemes -- Hamiltonian structure and conservation laws of
three-dimensional linear elasticity -- Involutive systems of
partial differential equations This collection of works is written
in memory of Professor Nail H. Ibragimov (1939-2018). It could be
used as a reference book in differential equations in mathematics,
mechanical, and electrical engineering.
This volume discusses the role of MOFs in removal of pharmaceutical
pollutants. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are advanced porous
materials and are promising adsorbents with facile modifications,
high specific surface area, controllable porosity, and tailored
surface properties. Pharmaceutical pollution is an issue of concern
due to its effects on environment. Recently, researchers have
designed MOFs for use in remediation.
Owing to the increased accuracy requirements in fields such as
astrometry and geodesy the general theory of relativity must be
taken into account for any mission requiring highly accurate orbit
information and for practically all observation and measurement
techniques. This book highlights the confluence of Applied
Mathematics, Physics and Space Science as seen from Einstein's
general theory of relativity and aims to bridge the gap between
theoretical and applied domains. The book investigates three
distinct areas of general relativity: Exact solutions of the
Einstein field equations of gravitation. Dynamics of near-Earth
objects and solar system bodies. Relativistic orbitography. This
book is an updated and expanded version of the author's PhD thesis
which was awarded the International Astronomical Union PhD prize in
Division A: Fundamental Astronomy. Included is a new introduction
aimed at graduate students of General Relativity and extended
discussions and results on topics in post-Newtonian dynamics and
general relativistic spacecraft propagation.
This book provides a comprehensive yet concise presentation of the
analysis methods of lightweight engineering in the context of the
statics of beam structures and is divided into four sections.
Starting from very general remarks on the fundamentals of
elasticity theory, the first section also addresses plane problems
as well as strength criteria of isotropic materials. The second
section is devoted to the analytical treatment of the statics of
beam structures, addressing beams under bending, shear and torsion.
The third section deals with the work and energy methods in
lightweight construction, spanning classical methods and modern
computational methods such as the finite element method. Finally,
the fourth section addresses more advanced beam models, discussing
hybrid structures as well as laminated and sandwich beams, in
addition to shear field beams and shear deformable beams. This book
is intended for students at technical colleges and universities, as
well as for engineers in practice and researchers in engineering.
This is an introductory level textbook which explains the elements
of high temperature and high-speed gas dynamics. * written in a
clear and easy to follow style, the author covers all the latest
developments in the field including basic thermodynamic principles,
compressible flow regimes and waves propagation in one volume *
covers theoretical modeling of High Enthalpy Flows, with particular
focus on problems in internal and external gas-dynamic flows, of
interest in the fields of rockets propulsion and hypersonic
aerodynamics * High enthalpy gas dynamics is a compulsory course
for aerospace engineering students and this book is a result of
over 25 years' teaching by the author * accompanying website
includes a Solutions Manual for exercises listed at the end of each
chapter, plus lecture slides
Solid-Solid, Fluid-Solid, Fluid-Fluid Mixers, part of the
Industrial Equipment for Chemical Engineering set, presents an
in-depth study of a variety of aspects within the field of chemical
engineering. This volume is both theoretical and practical,
focusing on emulsions of one liquid into another, the dispersal of
a divided solid into a liquid, and a gas into a liquid. The book
includes examples of mixtures of two powders, the process of
dissolution of a powder in a liquid, and the homogenization of a
pasty product. The types of devices needed, the criterion for
homogeneity, the expended mechanical power, the flow processed, and
the time required for the operation are also discussed. The author
provides methods needed for understanding the equipment used in
applied thermodynamics in the hope of encouraging students and
engineers to self build the programs they need. Chapters are
complemented with appendices that provide additional information
and associated references.
This book describes the operations and industrial processes related
to the production of steel. The chapters cover the second part of
the iron and steelmaking process, called steelmaking, presenting
the stages of the process until obtaining the finished steel
product in different formats for distinct applications. This book
reports significant operating variables of the processes and basic
operations of the steelmaking. The chapters contain numerous solved
exercises conceptually supported on the thermodynamic and kinetic
fundamentals of the production of steel from the pig iron in the
Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) and the production of steel and
ferroalloys in Electric Arc Furnaces (EAF). The thermal and
mechanic fundamentals of the hot rolling operations and the
mechanical fundamentals of the cold rolling, forming, and wire
drawing to obtain different steel products are also reported. The
book summarizes the strengths and uncertainties of steel as a
structural material.
This book highlights novel materials for dye-containing wastewater
treatment and presents an up-to-date information on dye
degradation/adsorption using new promising materials such as
nanocomposites. Development of various industrial sectors,
including textile, food, paper, leather, rubber, cosmetic and
printing has led to generation of wastewater which contain dye
molecules as well as other inorganic and organic compounds.
Considering serious health hazards and environmental damage
associated with dyes in the environment, researchers and
professionals have been attempting to find the most effective
methods of treatment. Of late, various composites have received
wide attention due to their outstanding properties in wastewater
treatment, that are presented in this book.
Unconventional energy sources have gained and will continue to gain
an increasing share of energy systems around the world. Today,
hydrogen is recognized as a non-polluting energy carrier because it
does not contribute to global warming if it is produced from
renewable sources. Hydrogen is already part of today's chemical
industry, but as an energy source, its rare advantages can only be
obtained with the help of technologies. Currently, the fuel cell is
considered the cleanest sustainable energy. With the development of
fuel cells, hydrogen-based energy generation becomes a reality.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology for Stationary Applications is an
essential publication that focuses on the advantages of hydrogen as
a primary energy center and addresses its use in the sustainable
future of stationary applications. While highlighting a broad range
of topics including cost expectations, production methods, and
social impact, this publication explores all aspects of the
implementation and dissemination of fuel cell technology in the
hope of establishing a sustainable marketplace for it. This book is
ideally designed for fuel cell manufacturers, architects,
electrical engineers, civil engineers, environmental engineers,
advocates, manufacturers, mechanics, researchers, academicians, and
students.
This book is based on a series of lectures for an Astrophysics of
the Interstellar Medium (ISM) master's degree in Astrophysics and
Cosmology at Padova University. From the cold molecular phase in
which stars and planetary systems form, to the very hot coronal gas
that surrounds galaxies and galaxy clusters, the ISM is everywhere.
Studying its properties is vital for the exploration of virtually
any field in astronomy and cosmology. These notes give the student
a coherent and accurate mathematical and physical approach, with
continuous references to the real ISM in galaxies. The book is
divided into three parts. Part One introduces the equations of
fluid dynamics for a system at rest and acoustic waves, and then
explores the real ISM through the role of thermal conduction and
viscosity, concluding with a discussion of shock waves and
turbulence. In Part Two, the electromagnetic field is switched on
and its role in modulating shock waves and contrasting gravity is
studied. Part Three describes dust and its properties, followed by
the main stellar sources of energy. The last two chapters
respectively address the various components of the ISM and
molecular clouds and star formation.
Handbook of Material Biodegradation, Biodeterioration, and
Biostabilization, Second Edition gives extensive information on the
microorganisms involved in the biodegradation of materials, along
with the biocides which are permitted for use according to the most
up-to-date worldwide legislation. Mechanisms of biodegradation and
biodeterioration, results of biodeterioration, and methods of
biostabilization are covered for a large number of products, making
the title relevant for a range of industries and applications,
including construction, coatings/paints, medical and pharmaceutical
applications, and electronics. In addition, the health and safety
aspects of biocide application are covered in detail, as well as
the personal protection of practitioners who are required to use
them. The contents and the most-up-to-date information make this
book essential for almost all the fields of applied chemistry.
Corrosion of reinforcing steel is now recognized as the major cause
of degradation of concrete structures in many parts of the world.
Despite this, infrastructure expenditure is being unreasonably
decreased by sequestration and the incredible shrinking
discretionary budget. All components of our infrastructure
including highways, airports, water supply, waste treatment, energy
supply, and power generation require significant investment and are
subjected to degradation by corrosion, which significantly reduces
the service life, reliability, functionality of structures and
equipment, and safety. Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Structures
provides a comprehensive review of the subject, in addition to
recent advances in research and technological developments, from
reinforcing materials to measurement techniques and modelling. This
book contains not only all the important aspects in the field of
corrosion of steel reinforced concrete but also discusses new
topics and future trends. Part One of the book tackles theoretical
concepts of corrosion of steel in concrete structures. The second
part moves on to analyse the variety of reinforcing materials and
concrete, including stainless steel and galvanized steel. Part
Three covers measurements and evaluations, such as electrochemical
techniques and acoustic emission. Part Four reviews protection and
maintenance methods, whilst the final section analyses modelling,
latest developments and future trends in the field. The book is
essential reading for researchers, practitioners and engineers who
are involved in materials characterisation and corrosion of steel
in concrete structures.
Optimization is the act of obtaining the "best" result under given
circumstances. In design, construction, and maintenance of any
engineering system, engineers must make technological and
managerial decisions to minimize either the effort or cost required
or to maximize benefits. There is no single method available for
solving all optimization problems efficiently. Several optimization
methods have been developed for different types of problems. The
optimum-seeking methods are mathematical programming techniques
(specifically, nonlinear programming techniques). Nonlinear
Optimization: Models and Applications presents the concepts in
several ways to foster understanding. Geometric interpretation: is
used to re-enforce the concepts and to foster understanding of the
mathematical procedures. The student sees that many problems can be
analyzed, and approximate solutions found before analytical
solutions techniques are applied. Numerical approximations: early
on, the student is exposed to numerical techniques. These numerical
procedures are algorithmic and iterative. Worksheets are provided
in Excel, MATLAB(R), and Maple(TM) to facilitate the procedure.
Algorithms: all algorithms are provided with a step-by-step format.
Examples follow the summary to illustrate its use and application.
Nonlinear Optimization: Models and Applications: Emphasizes process
and interpretation throughout Presents a general classification of
optimization problems Addresses situations that lead to models
illustrating many types of optimization problems Emphasizes model
formulations Addresses a special class of problems that can be
solved using only elementary calculus Emphasizes model solution and
model sensitivity analysis About the author: William P. Fox is an
emeritus professor in the Department of Defense Analysis at the
Naval Postgraduate School. He received his Ph.D. at Clemson
University and has taught at the United States Military Academy and
at Francis Marion University where he was the chair of mathematics.
He has written many publications, including over 20 books and over
150 journal articles. Currently, he is an adjunct professor in the
Department of Mathematics at the College of William and Mary. He is
the emeritus director of both the High School Mathematical Contest
in Modeling and the Mathematical Contest in Modeling.
Momentum Press is proud to bring to you Chemical Sensors:
Simulation and Modeling Volume 5: Electrochemical Sensors, edited
by Ghenadii Korotcenkov. This is the fifth of a five-volume
comprehensive reference work that provides computer simulation and
modeling techniques in various fields of chemical sensing. The
important applications for chemical sensing include such topics as
bulk and surface diffusion, adsorption, surface reactions,
sintering, conductivity, mass transport, and interphase
interactions.In this fifth volume, you will find background and
guidance on: Modeling and simulation of electrochemical processes
in both solid and liquid electrolytes, including charge separation
and transport (gas diffusion, ion diffusion) in membranes,
proton-electron transfers, electrode reactions, etc. Various models
used to describe electrochemical sensors such as potentiometric,
amperometric, conductometric, impedimetric, and ionsensitive FET
sensors Chemical sensors are integral to the automation of myriad
industrial processes and everyday monitoring of such activities as
public safety, engine performance, medical therapeutics, and many
more. This five-volume reference work serves as the perfect
complement to Momentum Press's 6-volume reference work, Chemical
Sensors: Fundamentals of Sensing Materials and Chemical Sensors:
Comprehensive Sensor Technologies, which present detailed
information related to materials, technologies, construction, and
application of various devices for chemical sensing.
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