Completely revised with the latest advances, evidence, and standards needed for everyday practice, Contact Lenses, 6th Edition, remains a definitive work on this multi-faceted topic, ideal for optometrists, dispensing opticians, ophthalmologists, and contact lens practitioners. This classic, superbly designed text is perfectly suited for health care professionals, providing all of the essential knowledge needed in one convenient volume. Provides up-to-date, authoritative information on contact lens materials and lens types, treatment in contact lens and tear film complications, and myopia correction and contact lenses for abnormal ocular conditions. Discusses current topics such as miniscleral lenses, keratoconus, corneal cross linking, and paediatric, cosmetic and prosthetic contact lenses. Includes NEW online access to ExpertConsult, with calculators and simulation programs for scleral lens fitting, sagittal values, soft toric mislocation, front vertex power, orthokeratology and rigid lens design, and more. Contains high-quality line diagrams and clinical illustrations to highlight key points in the text. Focuses on the evidence behind contact lens practice, enabling you to make informed choices about the care you give to your patients. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Covering all the knowledge and skills needed for everyday duties as well as success on certification and recertification exams, The Ophthalmic Assistant, 11th Edition, is an essential resource for allied health personnel working in ophthalmology, optometry, opticianry, and other eye care settings. Drs. Harold A. Stein, Raymond M. Stein, and Melvin I. Freeman are joined by new editor Dr. Rebecca Stein and several new contributing authors who provide practical, up-to-date guidance on ocular diseases, surgical procedures, medications, and equipment, as well as paramedical procedures and office management for today's practice. This outstanding reference and review tool provides essential knowledge and guidance for ophthalmic assistants, technicians, and technologists as critical members of the eye care team. Keeps you up to date with coverage of key topics such as topography-guided PRK, cataract surgery with multifocal IOLs to treat presbyopia, and OCT and OCTA, as well as the latest information on basic science, new testing procedures and equipment, and two new chapters on refractive surgery and eye banking. Provides full-color visual guidance for identification of ophthalmic disorders, explanations of difficult concepts, and depictions of the newest equipment used in ophthalmology and optometry-more than 1,000 images in all. Features more than 400 interactive multiple-choice review questions that test your knowledge and understanding of key concepts. Includes a bonus color-image atlas that tests your clinical recognition of disease and disorders of the eye. Contains convenient quick-reference appendices with hospital/practice forms for more efficient patient record keeping, conversion tables, and numerous language translations, plus information on ocular emergencies, pharmaceuticals, and more. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Practical and portable, Kanski's Synopsis of Clinical Ophthalmology, 4th Edition, distills the key information from the bestselling Clinical Ophthalmology: A Systematic Approach into a convenient, easy-to-follow volume. Perfect for quick reference, this concise resource contains "need to know" information highlighted by more than 900 high-quality illustrations and clinical photographs with clear explanations. New author Dr. John Salmon provides a fresh approach to critical content, ensuring that this manual remains an ideal on-the-go reference as well as an efficient study guide for examinations. Covers the essential information you need to effectively diagnose and manage a comprehensive range of ophthalmic disorders, using a concise format that makes it easy to quickly grasp the "must-know" aspects of each condition. Keeps you up to date with the latest advances in the treatment of glaucoma, the use of biological agents in the treatment of uveitis, genetic advances in hereditary retinal dystrophies, anti-VEGF agents for macular disease, and OCT/OCTA imaging. Includes a new chapter covering examination techniques, along with sweeping content updates on key topics. Features hundreds of high-quality images: diagnostic imaging, including OCT/OCTA; surgical and clinical photos depicting presenting signs and symptoms as well as surgical techniques; and medical illustrations that convey important anatomical considerations. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Providing the ocular anatomy and physiology content needed for a thorough comprehension of this complex field, Clinical Anatomy and Physiology of the Visual System, 4th Edition, offers a solid foundation for recognizing and understanding specific clinical situations and how they relate to anatomic structure. This concise, well-referenced resource covers the clinical anatomy of the eye, its adnexa and visual pathways, and histologic information-the information you need for success in coursework, certification exams, and clinical practice. Features vivid, full-color illustrations that help you visualize the clinical anatomy of the eye along with the cellular physiology behind diseases and disorders of the visual system. Emphasizes clinical application throughout, helping you better understand the processes that occur in disease and dysfunction. Clinical Comment sections offer a unique focus on clinical situations, conditions, diseases, and treatments. Contains new OCT, OCTA, MRI, and CT images that demonstrate clinical views of ocular anatomy. OCT technology is incorporated to describe the retinal layers, newly described anatomical components of the vitreous, corneal and anterior chamber angle anatomy, and the choroidal and retinal vasculature. Covers current topics such as genes essential in eye development, scleral and choroidal changes occurring with myopia progression, limbal stem cells, age-related macular degeneration and VEGF therapies, and microinvasive glaucoma surgical procedures. Includes updated concepts and terminology: Edinger Westfall preganglionic cells, sensory innervation to the cornea, knees of Wilbrand, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, and more. Provides expert coverage by a practicing optometrist, giving you a practical framework for recognizing and understanding clinical situations, problems, and treatments. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Sleep disorders are increasingly recognized to contribute to medical morbidities and mortality. More and more ocular diseases are linked to sleep disorders, among them in particular being obstructive sleep apnea. Management of these ocular diseases requires a good understanding of such association and often a collaborative approach with sleep disorder specialists. On the other hand, many patients with sleep disorders have concurrent ocular disorders. With this in mind, timely referral to ophthalmologists would greatly alleviate comorbidities and improve the quality of life in such patients. Eye Diseases Associated with Sleep Disorders emphasizes the underlying pathophysiology of each ocular disorder in the respective setting of sleep disorders. A typical case scenario is presented at the beginning of each chapter. The specific ocular disease is then described in reader-friendly terms to facilitate an overall understanding of the condition. The authors finally review the accumulated evidence regarding the association between ocular diseases and sleep disorders, from discussing possible underlying pathophysiologies to the analysis of clinical study data. With a good understanding of the pathogenesis, this book helps bring together primary care clinicians with eye care specialists for managing patient morbidities in an easily digestible figure-rich format.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in individuals older than 65 years of age. The authors of this book discuss the role of genetics, sunlight, diet, cardiovascular factors, smoking and alcohol as possible risk factors for AMD. Furthermore, the dry form is more common and accounts for about 85-90% of AMD patients in the USA, while Japanese AMD patients predominantely progress to wet-form or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). The function of a serine protein gene, HTRA1, in wet-form AMD patients is explored in detail. Conversely, the final chapter evaluates the therapeutic effects of high omega-3 fatty acids as anti-inflammatory agents in dry AMD patients. The preliminary findings indicate a promising therapeutic regime for dry AMD and perhaps for other retinopathies as well.

Endophthalmitis refers to the inflammation of the intraocular tissues and fluids of the eye and can be non-infectious or caused by bacterial, fungal or parasitic infection. It can be classified as exogenous (post-operative, post-traumatic or as a complication of a corneal ulcer) or endogenous (secondary to hematogenous spread from another infected site). This book discusses the clinical manifestations, relevance of diagnosis, and involved species of fungal endophthalmitis. It also examines anti-vascular endothelial growth factor medications; prevention and treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis; and a pharmacokinetic review of antibiotics used in the treatment of endophthalmitis.

Retinopathy of prematurity is a disease caused by abnormal vessel regression of the retinal vasculature that affects premature infants with low birth weights. Despite significant improvements in screening guidelines and treatment modalties, ROP is still the leading cause of reversible paediatric blindness worldwide. The authors of this book explore the possibility of applying the concept of fractal analysis to images of retinal blood vessels for morphometric analysis and classification; the quality of life for children with retinopathy of prematurity; the differences in ethnicity and socioeconomic status that influence the prevalence, risks, outcome and management of ROP; the outcome and prognostic factors of the intravitreal administration of bevacizumab for ROP; the outcomes of transpupillary diode laser photocoagulation for ROP; new therapeutic strategies for treating ROP and late complications that can develop and persistent into later childhood and even adult life (for example, long-term refractive errors, amblyopia, strabismus and optic nerve abnormalities).

This book is for people with glaucoma and their families and friends. It provides information about open-angle glaucoma, the most common form of glaucoma. This book is also for individuals with cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. It answers questions about the causes and symptoms of these diseases and discusses diagnosis and types of treatments available.

Macular edema is a serious eye disorder that can be seen in many conditions. Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) are frequent causes of decreased central visual acuity (VA) related to the appearance of macular edema (ME) and ischemia. This book discusses the risk factors, treatment options and long-term outcomes of macular edema. Some of the topics discussed include the management of diabetic macular edema; management of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occulsion by intravitreal bevacizumab; and macular edema in important tropical infections.

Myopia is a common ocular condition affecting approximately 1.6 billion people worldwide. An increasing trend of myopia has been observed throughout the world and the prevalence of myopia is expected to increase to 2.5 billion by the year 2020. This book focuses on definition, mechanisms, optics, refraction, clinical presentation, complications and management of myopia in regards of recent advances. Myopia (nearsightedness) is a refractive error (ametropia) that occurs when parallel rays of light entering the non-accommodating eye are not focused on the retina. As a result, images of distant objects are focused in front of the retina and thus appear blurred. Myopia is the most common eyesight problem in the world and is often mild and there are no serious problems. However, it may sometimes lead to blindness. Myopia can be corrected with spherical lenses, contact lenses or with refractive surgery. The book gives an overview of myopia from definition, etiology to surgical treatment. Contents are based on recent findings published in the medical literature and reflect the most advanced achievements in current clinical and experimental research on myopia. This book presents relevant information that students, optometrists, orthoptists, ophthalmologists as well as scientists involved in clinical and basic research on myopia need to know about this important topic.

This book is a comprehensive account of the most recent developments in modern ophthalmic optics. It makes use of the powerful matrix formalism to describe curvature and power, providing a unified view of the optical and geometrical properties of lenses. This unified approach is applicable to the design and properties of not only spectacle lenses, but also contact and intraocular lenses (IOL). The newest developments in lens design, manufacturing and testing are discussed, with an emphasis on the description of free-form technology, which has surpassed traditional manufacturing methods and allows digital lenses to be specifically designed with the unique requirements of the user. Other important topics which are covered include modern lens materials, up-to-date lens measuring techniques, contact and intraocular lenses, progressive power lenses, low vision aids, ocular protection and coatings. Providing a broad overview of recent developments in the field, it is ideal for researchers, manufacturers and practitioners involved in ophthalmic optics.

This series presents original leading edge results in the field of eye research. The focus in this compilation is on the anatomy of the cornea as well as the causes, symptoms and treatments for uveitis. Topics discussed include conjunctival-limbal autografts; gene therapy for corneal diseases; uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis; retinal vasculitis in rheumatic disease; Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and the clinical and immunopathological highlights of non-infectious uveitis.

This book presents important research advances in the study of eye research, as well as eye cancer research, retinal degeneration, macular degeneration, optics research, optic nerve disease and visual perception. Topics discussed herein include antioxidants in age-related macular degeneration; ocular coloboma; melatonin in retinal pathophysiology; ocular birth defects; advances in retinoblastoma; optical design techniques in current eye models; optical nerve injury and regeneration; progressive retinal dystrophies; molecular genetics of macular degeneration; and challenges in visual perception.

Dry eye syndrome is a common disease of tear film and ocular surface developed in numerous aetiologies. Tear film instability and ocular surface disturbances that subsequently influence the tear film are among the primarily causes of this disease, but many other factors are involved in tear film disorders. Although eye surface is easily reached by classical ocular dosage forms, novel drug delivery systems for ocular administration offer advantages in terms of increased residence time on eye surface and/or controlled release of the drug, with enhanced therapeutic effectiveness. This book provides an overview on the potential benefits and limitations in dry eye syndrome management and reported successful formulations.

Novel strategies for ocular anti-inflammatory therapies are extensively being investigated to increase drug bioavailability and decrease adverse side effects of common treatments. Colloidal carriers based on lipid materials are becoming a suitable alternative due to several advantages, including solubilisation of hydrophobic/lipophilic anti-inflammatory drugs followed by bioavailability enhancement, modification of pharmacokinetic parameters, and protection of sensitive drugs from physical, chemical or biological degradation. This book presents and discusses data on the improvements being made in regards to novel drug delivery systems.

The Contact Lens Manual continues to meet the needs of a new generation of optometrists, dispensing opticians, contact lens practitioners and students who require clear and reliable information for fitting a complete range of contact lenses. The fourth edition of this best-selling classic, now in full colour throughout, provides the most up-to-date guidance in all aspects of today's lenses in a practical and easy to use manual. Featuring new developments in lens types, care regimes, current practices, and electronic access to brand new video footage as well as a range of learning tools, this manual offers a complete package to help readers expand their lens knowledge, improve fitting and optimise patient care. The authors use a down-to-earth practical approach to distil years of experience into one handy volume. A bullet point style makes the information easily accessible. Key information is presented so it can be quickly located. Practical tips, clinical pearls, helpful advice, and warnings are presented in boxes so readers can see at a glance what to do. Features updates to all chapters and lens types with a wealth of new information on silicone hydrogels, toric soft lenses, rigid gas-permeable fitting and patient after care. Presents a new chapter on dry eyes with expert guidance on treatment and practical management advice. Includes an expanded illustration programme and page design with full colour throughout including colour-coded sections and boxes to highlight key information for easier learning. Electronic access to brand new video footage of lens and eye care regimes, along with over 100 clinical photographs, images from the book, simulations and calculation tools.

From basic eye care services to visual performance training, this evidence-based resource explores a range of sports vision services, including assessment and treatment procedures, outcome expectations, and applications to a variety of sports. Optometrists, ophthalmologists, and sports medicine practitioners will find a thorough review and discussion of the role of vision care in an athlete's performance, as well as practical recommendations for applying current research findings to clinical practice. Contains practical, clinically oriented chapters on visual assessment, prescribing, and ocular injuries in athletes. Takes a task analysis approach allowing the reader to develop solid reasoning skills and evaluate information needed for clinical practice. Includes a new chapter on Assessment and Management of Sports-Related Concussion. Features visual aids throughout including photographs, tables, and boxes to help clarify and visualize important concepts. Addresses sports vision training approaches and updated digital options reflecting the collaboration between athletic trainers, optometrists, and ophthalmologists in helping optimize vision in athletes.

Well organized and easy to read, Clinical Procedures in Primary Eye Care, 5th Edition, takes an accessible, step-by-step approach to describing the commonly used primary care procedures that facilitate accurate diagnosis and effective patient management. This practical, clinically-focused text offers succinct descriptions of today's most frequently encountered optometric techniques supported by research-based evidence. You'll find essential instructions for mastering the procedures you need to know, including recent technical advances in the field. Discusses technical advances that are dramatically altering optometry: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and ultra-wide field imaging (optomaps). Presents outstanding new digital images of OCT cases and optomaps for a wide variety of conditions of the central and peripheral retina. Focuses on evidence-based optometry; all procedures include a section that reviews when and how the procedure should be measured and uses clinical wisdom in addition to research-based evidence. Presents new digital images of normal variations of the eye - crucial visual support for understanding what is normal and what is disease. Helps you clearly visualize procedures and eye disorders through full-color photographs, diagrams, and video clips. Provides fully revised print on dry eye assessment based on the latest international Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) guidelines. Features coverage of changes in the eye due to high myopia, and expounds the need for myopia control techniques. Offers extensive material online to enhance learning: video clips, interactive testing sections, additional photographs, and more. Expert ConsultT eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

This fourth volume in the series Lectures in Optics provides comprehensive coverage of Visual Optics, which is the field of optics as applied to the function of the eye, a magnificent and highly complicated optical system. The optics part of vision in a 'well-performing' eye pertains to the effects responsible for formation and initial detection of the retinal image-the picture of the world as it is projected onto the photosensitive layer of the eye, the retina. The book presents the necessary concepts and definitions that explain retinal image properties, including aspects such as visual acuity and color perception. It discusses the optics of the eye in the presence of refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, certain limitations to vision such as accommodation and near vision, and effects of aging on vision such as presbyopia and low vision. Finally, chapters devoted to ophthalmic optics and prismatic effects provide in-depth coverage of the optics involved in the correction of refractive vision disorders.

The Eye: Basic Sciences in Practice provides highly accessible, one-stop coverage of all the essential basic science required by today's ophthalmologists and optometrists in training. It is also core reading for those embarking on a career in visual and ophthalmic science, as well as an invaluable, current refresher for the range of practitioners working in this area. Building on previous success, this fifth edition has been fully revised in line with current curricula, key research developments and clinical best practice. It succinctly incorporates critical developments in fast-moving fields related to the eye and vision, including genetics, pharmacology, microbiology, immunology, pathology, neurophysiology, neuroanatomy and imaging. Topical coverage includes: Major advances in the search for new genes underpinning disease in ophthalmology The emergence of new infections such as Ebola, Zika and COVID-19 The importance of the gastrointestinal tract as an immune organ and its functional dependence on the microbiome Key aspects of melanopsin, melatonin and new ways of light sensing Also, (print purchasers) benefit from access to the complete, fully searchable electronic text, with integrated video and other bonus materials to further explain and expand on key concepts. This combines to make The Eye a more flexible, comprehensive and engaging learning package than ever before. The only all-embracing textbook of the basic sciences suitable for trainee ophthalmologists, optometrists and vision scientists. Utilising an attractive page design with over 300 colour drawings and 200 photographs this is an attractive and accessible text to learn from. The text presents in a readable form an account of all the basic sciences necessary for an understanding of the eye - anatomy, embryology, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, immunology, microbiology and infection and pathology.

It is well-known that the most common and largely used assistive technology among the visually impaired community is the white cane. Many technologies have been proposed as alternative assistive devices to improve the autonomous mobility of people affected by visual diseases. Nevertheless, whatever is the physical quantity used by these active assistive technologies - mainly ultrasonic or optical sensors - they present many limitations and none of them adequately meets the international guidelines defined for the electronic travel aids and the specific requests coming from the visually impaired community. The first chapter of this book aims to provide an overview of the existing travel aids for people affected by visual diseases, discussing pros and cons of available technologies. The aim of the next chapter is to convince the reader that solutions based on mobile visual aid systems will answer a critical societal challenge. Chapter Three explores the use of electromagnetic technology in support of visually impaired athlete runners. Chapter Four describes the present state of mobile technologies development taking into consideration the point of view of visually impaired people. Finally, the goal of the concluding chapter is to relate how the audio-description has been produced as a communication accessibility resource.

In this book, the authors present current research in the study of eye movement, with a focus on developmental perspectives, dysfunctions, and disorders in humans. Topics discussed in this compilation include the formation of spiralling or circulating patterns in eye movement trajectories; utilising dialectical behaviour therapy and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing as phase-based trauma treatment; eye movement problems and differential diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndromes; developmental dyslexia, visual crowding and eye movements; gaze behaviour during human adaptive locomotion; and poor binocular co-ordination of saccades during reading in children with visual deficits.