Multimedia technology is a key component of the digital society. This book comprehensively examines the extent to which copyright and database right protect multimedia works. It does so from the perspective of UK law, but with due attention being paid to EU law, international treaties and comparative developments in other jurisdictions, such as Australia and the U.S. The central argument of the book is that the copyright and database right regimes are, for the most part, flexible enough to meet the challenges presented by multimedia. As a result, it is neither necessary nor desirable to introduce separate copyright protection or unique protection for multimedia works. This important and original new work will be essential reading for any lawyer engaged in advising on intellectual property matters relating to the new media industries, and scholars and students working in intellectual property and computer law.

The Internet Age has dramatically increased the importance of intellectual property rights. Disputes over domain names, shared music files, spam and cybersquatting are only a few examples of the matters now prominent in the news. Mark V.B. Partridge, a seasoned lawyer who advises major corporations on these issues everyday, explains in the articles collected in Guiding Rights the laws and principles shaping these important rights. Partridge's writing is clear and direct, emphasizing the fundamental principles that provide a firm foundation for the core concerns of copyright and trademark law. He also shares practical tips gleaned from many years of experience on how to avoid pitfalls and achieve success in litigation. By avoiding legalese or detailed statutory construction, Partridge quickly identifies the key points necessary for anyone desiring a better understanding of the law guiding the rights of authors, business and entrepreneurs on the Internet. Lawyers and non-lawyers alike will profit from this useful collection.

Surrogate Court dockets are filled with cases involving family members fighting over the assets and intentions of a deceased parent or spouse. "Probate Wars of the Rich & Famous: An Insider's Guide to Estate Planning and Probate Litigation" tracks the estate litigation cases of Anna Nicole Smith, Brooke Astor, Michael Jackson, Nina Wang, Jerry Garcia and Leona Helmsley and identifies the five universal factors that caused such disputes. Each chapter provides estate planning insights designed to help individuals plan their estates without causing litigation. If, however, probate litigation cannot be avoided, the book also provides invaluable lessons about undue influence claims, how to remove a fiduciary, demanding an estate accounting and claims seeking to set aside lifetime transfers that undermined the decedents intentions. Few - if any - estate planning books utilize colorful celebrity accounts to provide meaningful insights and actionable advice.

A much-anticipated new edition of this acclaimed work on intellectual property (IP) in its global context. With intelligent and insightful coverage of IP law from international and comparative perspectives this second edition has been thoroughly revised and expanded. This unique textbook presents the main IP rights, identifying their basic features and tracing their evolution up to the present day by reference to statutes, cases and international treaties. Examining the evolving activities in the international arena, especially debates and new IP rules concerning or impinging on creativity and innovation, consumer choice, trade, economics, social welfare and culture, this innovative textbook considers how these activities interact with developments at regional and domestic levels. Key Features include: Presentation of IP law in a global context, uniquely organised by theme as opposed to by type of IPR for accessibility and ease of learning a comprehensive commentary guiding students through international, regional and comparative IP law examination of the impact of IP on the international stage an interdisciplinary approach considering the global influence of IP in respect of trade, development, law, economics, technology, human rights and biological and cultural diversity, providing readers with extensive knowledge of IP law's reach A key resource for IP courses with a global outlook, Dutfield and Suthersanen on Global Intellectual Property Law will also be of great interest to a number of global institutions. Acclaim for the first edition: 'Dutfield and Suthersanen have skillfully captured in one concise volume all the important things you need to know about international intellectual property law. The materials are accessible, timely, methodically presented and at times critical. The book's detailed, in-depth and comparative analyses provide helpful insights into the increasingly complex international intellectual property system. Global Intellectual Property Law is not only an effective textbook for students interested in the subject, but a desktop companion for policymakers and professionals who need a quick and up-to-date overview of global intellectual property issues.' - Peter K. Yu, Drake University, US and Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, China

This book is the first to analyze the compliance of different types of a breeder's exception to patent rights with article 30 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. This type of exception allows using protected biological matter for breeding new varieties of plants. The breeder's exception is widely accepted under plant variety legislation, but it is not common under patent laws despite the fact that patent rights often cover plant varieties. Only few European countries have adopted such an exception. After the entry into force of the Agreement on a Unified Patent Court, the exception will be mandatory for all European Union Member states. Based on a legal and economic approach, this book offers guidance to those countries that need to incorporate a breeder's exception into their national patent systems and suggests the importance of the exception for promoting plant breeding activities.

To a large extent, the global proliferation of IP laws in general and the development of Chinese IP law in particular can be described in terms of legal transplants. This remarkable book edited by Nari Lee, Niklas Bruun and Mingde Li is breaking new ground in the study of these phenomena. First, it provides a thorough theoretical introduction to legal transplants and the concept of governance. Second, it assembles case studies concerning timely topics in copyright, patent, and trade mark law, which illuminate that China is as well a 'norm-taker' as it increasingly becomes a 'norm-maker'. The studies are mostly written jointly by Chinese and non-Chinese authors. This pioneering approach brings together the two perspectives that are also pertinent in the process of transplantation, indigenization and transformation of IP laws. The collection thereby sets a new standard in the study of comparative IP law. It is an indispensable resource for everyone interested in Chinese and European IP law.' - Alexander Peukert, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany'Governance of Intellectual Property Rights in China and Europe is a timely analysis of the ongoing transformation of China, from a manufacturing to a knowledge-based economy, mirrored in the transplant, application and evolution of its IP laws. The book is even more remarkable as the contributions are written to a great extent in co-authorship by Chinese and European scholars, providing a unique blend of opinions and legal comparative analysis on the subject. An exciting and thought-provoking volume!' - Stefan Luginbuehl, PhD, Attorney at Law, Lawyer at the European Patent Office Intellectual property (IP) law has been widely discussed in recent scholarship, though many recent works explore the topic from a largely descriptive perspective. This book provides an analytical and comparative study of Chinese and European IP law, as well as an analysis of system reforms in China. The book highlights, in three parts, intellectual property for innovation and creativity in China, comparing concepts and norms in Chinese and European IP law, and governance of practices and IP enforcement. Demonstrating that the governance of IP rights requires the adoption of a set of norms, the contributors also argue that success is dependent on a transformation of the perspectives and implementation. Students and scholars of IP law, and Chinese IP law in particular, will find this book to be a valuable resource to their work. It will also be of interest to IP practitioners looking for an insight into system reforms in China. Contributors include: D.O. Acquah, R.M. Ballardini, N. Bruun, Y. Guan, K. He, K. Larson, N. Lee, M. Li, Y. Li, M. Oker-Blom, B.P.-W. Liu, L. Tammenlehto, W. Wu, P.K. Yu, L. Zhang, Q.-S. Zhao, Y. Zhao, L. Zhou

This ground-breaking book critically interrogates how literary characters are regulated under copyright, moral rights, and trademark law. Using interesting examples, Literary Characters in Intellectual Property Law offers an in-depth exploration of both the law and the diverse and conflicting interests that are impacted by literary character appropriation, incorporating the perspectives of appropriators, authors, consumers and owners. The author challenges and corrects fundamental assumptions and misconceptions about intellectual property rights claims to literary characters, questioning some important foundations that underscore commercial, cultural, legal and social engagement with literary characters. With critical analysis of issues such as copyright, the moral right of integrity, registered and unregistered trademarks, and exceptions to infringement, as well as references to literary theory, the book also has interdisciplinary appeal across the social sciences. Providing an excellent addition to the literature regarding cultural studies and the law, this book will be of practical use for academics, students, lawmakers, legal practitioners, and professionals with an interest in literary character appropriation. It will also be a thought-provoking resource for students both in intellectual property law, and any of the social sciences engaging with literature and the arts.

Although copyright enforcement has always been a controversial issue, it took the advent of the Internet to raise a fundamental challenge to its very raison d'etre. Legislative activity in this area during recent years clearly demonstrates the extent to which enforcement has been brought to the forefront of attention, as owners of copyrights find themselves trying to supersede the limitations of law in order to respond effectively to the reproductive power of new technologies. This timely collection of essays by European and international authorities in the field of copyright law presents a variety of valuable perspectives on the multitude of issues arising in respect of copyright enforcement on the Internet, including the following: − the collection of evidence for allegation of infringement; − identifying the infringer; − jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments; − liability of Internet service providers; − balancing copyright, data protection, and privacy; − considerations of social policy and human rights; − cost and efficiency of data availability on the Internet; − exchanges of information and mutual assistance among enforcement authorities; − criminal liability on the Internet; − combating piracy in the digital environment; and − prospects for a common regulatory framework. Most of the existing European Union and international policies are considered in some depth, and the authors also discuss a variety of national laws and initiatives, technical measures, and the soft law and hard law models that have been proposed. In the years to come, as more and more lawyers are confronted with issues involving copyright inforcement on the Internet, this book's value as a springboard to the informed future development of this area of legal theory and practice will become more evident. For this reason, as well as for its richly detailed treatment of trends and current reality in the field, it is sure to be read and put to good use by business people, international lawyers, government officials, and interested academics in all parts of the world.parts of the world.

INTRODUCTION George Bernard Shaw wrote - 'when a stupid man is doing something he is ashamed 1 of, he always declares that it is his duty. ' Years earlier La Rochefoucauld noted, 'hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue. ' But whether stupid or wise, men are not just hypocritical; they are often honestly unsure where their duty lies. This is one of the main reasons for the creation of rules and exceptions to these rules. This book looks at the law of copyright, exceptions to copyright, which apply to Higher Education Institutions (hereinafter HEIs) and the position of the academic author in relation to the reward or incentive system. As such, the book further considers whether academic authors within HEIs are fairly remunerated for their academic contri- tions by the system of copyright collecting societies; and if not, whether alternative models exist to remunerate the academic author fairly. 2 HEIs include universities and other institutions such as colleges and vocational institutions, which award academic degrees including diplomas. This book will focus solely on the university sector of HEIs in the UK. In exploring the two broad subject areas of HEIs and Copyright Collecting Societies, a large variety of issues can be isolated for specific consideration.

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. This book defines 'nanowares' as the ideas and products arising out of nanotechnology. Koepsell argues that these rapidly developing new technologies demand a new approach to scientific discovery and innovation in our society. He takes established ideas from social philosophy and applies them to the nanoparticle world. In doing so he breaks down the subject into its elemental form and from there we are better able to understand how these elements fit into the construction of a more complex system of products, rules and regulations about these products. Where existing research in the field has tended to focus on potential social harm, Koepsell takes a different approach by looking at ways in which developments in distributed design and fabrication can be harnessed to enable wealth creation by those with good ideas but no access to capital. He argues that the key challenge facing us is the error implicit in current intellectual property regimes and presents new modes of relating inventors to artifacts in this new context. In conclusion he offers contractual models which he believes encourage innovation in nano-media by embracing open source and alternative means of protection for innovators.

This book analyses the legal approach to personal data taken by different fields of law. An increasing number of business models in the digital economy rely on personal data as a key input. In exchange for sharing their data, online users benefit from personalized and innovative services. But companies' collection and use of personal data raise questions about privacy and fundamental rights. Moreover, given the substantial commercial and strategic value of personal data, their accumulation, control and use may raise competition concerns and negatively affect consumers. To establish a legal framework that ensures an adequate level of protection of personal data while at the same time providing an open and level playing field for businesses to develop innovative data-based services is a challenging task.With this objective in mind and against the background of the uniform rules set by the EU General Data Protection Regulation, the contributions to this book examine the significance and legal treatment of personal data in competition law, consumer protection law, general civil law and intellectual property law. Instead of providing an isolated analysis of the different areas of law, the book focuses on both synergies and tensions between the different legal fields, exploring potential ways to develop an integrated legal approach to personal data.

It is not unusual in corporate litigation for the outcome of a case to hinge on the discovery in court of electronically-stored information (ESI). Yet in most jurisdictions (notably among EU Member States) the withholding of such information is required by privacy laws or even laws specifically blocking the transfer of data for discoverypurposes. Companies that ignore such laws may face severe sanctions. In the United States, however, discovery of ESI is often compulsory, and failure to comply can lead to contempt of court and losing the case. This book deals with the dilemma faced by multinational corporations when a United States court demands discovery of ESI that is protected in other countries. In fine detail the authors cover the full spectrum of possible responses, from evaluating the comparative cost of legal sanctions in a variety of major global jurisdictions to recognizing when to avoid litigation entirely. The tone throughout is eminently practical, specifying the precise nature and degree of risk involved and offering optimal solutions to all the conflicts likely to arise. On the theoretical side, the rationale of both the US e-discovery model and data privacy laws (focusing on the European data protection directive) are clearly explained. Specific jurisdictions covered include Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan and United Kingdom. Given the huge growth in ESI among multinational companies over the last decade, this book answers a need that is gaining ever more prominence in international business. As such it is sure to be welcomed by litigators, in-house counsel, and corporate executives as an essential tool in this increasingly significant area of legal practice.

This remarkable book covers the impact of human rights on intellectual property law in the most comprehensive review ever undertaken. It is destined to influence the future development of this field and constitutes an essential resource for both scholars and practitioners.' - Jerome H. Reichman, Duke University School of Law, US'Professor Geiger has assembled an extraordinary group of leading legal scholars, human rights lawyers, judges, and international civil servants to provide comprehensive, up-to-the-minute coverage of all the major issues implicated by the interaction between human rights and intellectual property. This volume will be required reading for anyone interested in this increasingly important topic.' - Beebe Barton, New York University School of Law, US 'Intellectual property law draws boundaries around human creativity. In doing so it intersects with the principles and values of the human rights tradition. In this remarkable volume, Professor Christophe Geiger has brought together a great team of scholars to explore this intersection. The result is a Research Handbook that is comprehensive in its coverage of jurisdictions, issues and debates. It is an indispensable starting point for researchers wishing to understand the field and its many topics.' - Peter Drahos, Australian National University and Queen Mary University of London, UK Research Handbook on Human Rights and Intellectual Property is a comprehensive reference work on the intersection of human rights and intellectual property law. Resulting from a field-specific expertise of over 40 scholars and professionals of world renown, the book explores the practical and doctrinal implications of human rights considerations on intellectual property law and jurisprudence. The various chapters of the book scrutinize issues related to interactions among and between norms of different legal families and the role of human rights in the development of a balanced intellectual property legal framework. The innovative approach of the book is reflected in its structure: the first part provides a foundation for the human rights and intellectual property discourse; the second sheds light on the human rights implications for the development of intellectual property; and the third (characterized by a human rights perspective) is devoted to the specific issues of interaction between human rights and intellectual property. Exploring in depth a variety of interactions between human rights and intellectual property law, the book will be of great interest to academics and experts working within human rights, intellectual property, development, international relations and international public law. Contributors include: A. Abdel-Latif, T. Aplin, C. Avila Plaza, D.B. Barbosa, A.Brown, C. Chiarolla, J. Christoffersen, C.M. Correa, T. Dreier, P. Ducoulombier, L.Falcon, S. Farran, S. Frankel, D. Gangjee, M. Ganzhorn, C. Geiger, D. Gervais, G. Ghidini, J. Griffiths, H. Grosse Ruse-Khan, L.R. Helfer, P. von Kapff, A. Kupzok, J.D. Lipton, D. Matthews, T. Mylly, A. Peukert, A. Plomer, J.M. Samuels, M. Senftleben, X. Seuba, C. Sganga, R. Smith, A. Stazi, T. Takenaka, C. Trautmann, D. Voorhoof, C. Waelde, H. Wager, J. Watal, G. Westkamp, P.K. Yu

Sir Frederick Pollock wrote that 'English-speaking lawyers ...have specialised the name of Equity'. It is typical for legal textbooks on the law of equity to acknowledge the diverse ways in which the word 'equity' is used and then to focus on the legal sense of the word to the exclusion of all others. There may be a professional responsibility on textbook writers to do just that. If so, there is a counterpart responsibility to read the law imaginatively and to read what non-lawyers have said of equity with an open mind. This book is an exploration of the meaning of equity as artists and thinkers have portrayed it within the law and without. Watt finds in law and literature an equity that is necessary to good life and good law but which does not require us to subscribe to a moral or 'natural law' ideal. It is an equity that takes a principled and practical stand against rigid formalism and unthinking routine in law and life, and so provides timely resistance to current forces of extremism and entitlement culture. The project is an educational one in the true etymological sense of leading the reader out into new territory. The book will provide the legal scholar with deep insight into the rhetorical, literary and historical foundations of the idea of equity in law, and it will provide the law student with a cultural history of, and an imaginative introduction to, the technical law of equity and trusts. Scholars and students of such disciplines as literature, classics, history, theology, theatre and rhetoric will discover new insights into the art of equity in the law and beyond. Along the way, Watt offers a new theory on the naming of Dickens' chancery case Jarndyce and Jarndyce and suggests a new connection between Shakespeare and the origin of equity in modern law. 'This beautiful book, deeply learned in the branch of jurisprudence we call equity and deeply engaged with the western literary tradition, gives new life to equity in the legal sense by connecting it with equity in the larger sense: as it is defined both in ordinary language and experience and by great writers, especially Dickens and Shakespeare. Equity Stirring transforms our sense of what equity is and can be and demonstrates in a new and graceful way the importance of connecting law with other arts of mind and language.' James Boyd White, author of Living Speech: Resisting the Empire of Force 'Equity Stirring' is a fine example of interdisciplinary legal scholarship at its best. Watt has managed to produce a book that is fresh and innovative, and thoroughly accessible. Deploying a range of familiar, and not so familiar, texts from across the humanities, Watt has presented a fascinating historical and literary commentary on the evolution of modern ideas of justice and equity. Ian Ward, Professor of Law at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. "this is an important, compendious, and thought-provoking work that should be on the shelves of everyone interested in equity studies." Mark Fortier, Law and Literature "there is much of interest to the legal historian...the book's insights and erudition did engage this rather sceptical reader, who would like to believe that equity could achieve justice, but fears rather that it can only be as fair as the court dispensing it." Rosemary Auchmuty, The Journal of Legal History "With luck, Equity Stirring will stir...taxonomic positivists from their culture of entitlement, waking them to the possibility that law and justice do not form the perfect quadration". Nick Piska, Social & Legal Studies "a highly imaginative, original and refreshing foray into the legal and ethical import of concepts too often thought to be difficult, archaic and obscure...Watt gives us a way into the subject which is forceful in its imaginative reach and its ethical import..." David Gurnham, Law, Culture and the Humanities

Dr. Holzmann introduces the manager and technologist as well as the student and the foreign patent practitioner to the United States Law of Patent Infringement. Dr. Holzmann directly addresses what to do when a patent is being infringed. The author explains and interprets the intricacies of the patent law and provides a strong basis of understanding future changes in patent law. This valuable volume should appeal to academics and students of law, attorneys specializing in corporate law, patent attorneys, CEOs in technical firms, and CEOs of foreign corporations.

This book continues the exploration of the role, function and theoretical basis of copyright law examined in the first four volumes. New Directions in Copyright Law, Volume 5, offers valuable insights into simulating international research and debate about the future of the copyright system. The international and multidisciplinary core of scholars in this book focus on two themes: copyright and the new technologies; and copyright, corporate power and human rights. This book should be read by anyone interested in the future of copyright, regardless of discipline.

This is a book dedicated to the significance and legacy of landmark cases in the field of intellectual property. Eleven well-known scholars offer in-depth commentary and analysis of cases that have made an impact on legal theory or critical thinking about the scope and purpose of the protection of intellectual and industrial creativity. All the cases covered have proven useful in developing doctrine, even though subsequent developments have made some appear 'misleading' rather than 'leading', and for some recent cases it is too early to say whether their approach will become mainstream. Among the fundamental questions - all profoundly interesting, and to which no definite answers have yet been found - arising in the course of the analysis are the following: * Who should be master over the reputation, esteem and legacy of authors and their works - authors and their heirs, or subsequent copyright owners? * What, if any, protection should be granted to achievements in the absence of confusion? * Should prevention of unfair competition allow one to 'reap what one has not sown'? * Should we protect commercial investment beyond the scope of defined intellectual property rights? * Should it be considered a tort to use a well-known mark in a way that may dilute its repute and distinctive character? * What kinds of monopolies should be protected, if any? * Does the patent system in its current form allow us to question the assumption that technological progress is good per se, and that novel and inventive solutions should thus be protected? * Should extraneous considerations such as public good and social usefulness be considered at the stages of grant and enforcement of patent rights? * Should we grant patents over living organisms whose workings and reproduction are a long way from being completely understood? * Should the rules developed for the enforcement of property rights limit a patentee's remedies to appropriate damages, thereby effectively granting a compulsory licence? The book concludes with an analysis of two case clusters remarkable for the worldwide dimension of the dispute. The authors show how litigation over Lego in about 30 jurisdictions and Budweiser in over 40 jurisdictions has enriched doctrine on such issues as contract, trade marks, trade names, geographical indications, property rights in general, human rights, and various international and bilateral treaties, all as they impinge on the protection of intellectual property rights. For scholars in the field, as well as for lawyers seeking a rich vein of doctrine to buttress a case, this unusual book will be of incomparable value. As a masterful clarification of salient doctrine, it represents a major contribution to the legal theory underpinning intellectual property law.

"The International Academy of Estate and Trust Law" is a body that comprises leading estate and trusts lawyers from civilian and common law jurisdictions around the globe. Its membership - all experts in trusts, estate and inheritance law, and/or tax law - includes solicitors, barristers, notaires, judges, and law professors. The group's proceedings manifest a comparative approach, offering perspectives on issues of direct and immediate concern for both civil and common law jurisdictions. This volume records the May 2000 week-long conference in Berlin, which focused on four main topics: arbitration and alternative dispute resolution, in which the "estate" meets the "family"; transnational issues in testamentary matters, especially in light of the "Hague Convention on Succession to Deceased Estates"; responsibility of tax advisers, the discussion of which concentrates on the development of a unified code of conduct; and developments in offshore trusts, in which the very nature of the interest of the beneficiary under a trust is being redefined and tested once again.

It is scarcely five years since the first edition of this book, a milestone in the strategy-oriented approach to intellectual property at the global level, appeared and was quickly and widely welcomed as virtually an intellectual property agenda for the 21st century. This second edition includes a judicious update of the original data and analysis in light of the significant movement forward that has taken place over the past few years in many of the critical areas that shape the competitive strategies in the use of IP Rights. The authors have lost none of their conviction of the necessity to enhance awareness of the techno-economic effects of intellectual property rights protection on enterprise competitiveness and national growth and development. The book provides a panoramic but detailed view of the world's intellectual property system that embraces socioeconomic, cultural and technological development in its scope, clarifying the pitfalls and challenges that the system presents even as it promises to improve the quality of life on our planet. The authors both internationally respected and honoured for their work in elucidating the economic necessity of an intellectual property system that can inspire universal confidence, emphasize the imperative of international competiveness in knowledge-based technology. In their orderly presentation of the key issues that promote the real benefits (not yet achieved) of a truly effective regime of intellectual property rights they discuss such factors as the following: - the use of intellectual property as an integral part of business strategy; - optimal utilization of intellectual property assets; - the incentives and rewards of 'fair play' in the marketplace; - facilitation of widespread diffusion and adoption of the fruits of creativity and innovation; - the crucial role of small and medium enterprises; - the need at every level for deliberate incentive policies that encourage creativity and invention; - strict enforcement of intellectual property rights; - creating linkages between intellectual property stakeholders; and - use of patent information for forecasting technology trends. These issues and recommendations and more are all discussed in a framework that highlights each of the major areas of knowledge in which intellectual property rights are most insistently invoked today, such as the digital economy, e-commerce, Internet domain names, database protection, protection of plant varieties, design of integrated circuits, biotechnology, and nanotechnology. Ultimately, however, this outstanding work's most important contribution lies in its vision of the organic corporation of governments, institutions, supranational organizations, multinational corporations, small and medium enterprises, and civil society as they collectively fashion a 21st century in which creativity and innovation are enabled to convert knowledge into wealth and social good. For this reason, as well as for its richly detailed treatment of trends and current reality in the field, this new, updated edition of Intellectual Property and Competitive Strategies in the 21st Century will continue to be read and put to good use by business people, international lawyers, government officials, and interested academics in all parts of the world.

The comprehensive research review discusses some of the most important and influential articles published on the history of intellectual property. The seminal works encompass a broad variety of specific legal fields, periods and methodological perspectives. It focuses on the three main subfields of intellectual property: patent, copyright and trademark law. This important research review will be of a great interest to legal historians, economic historians and anyone interested in intellectual property and its history.

In today's world of globalization, the United States generally is considered by foreign investors around the world to be the safest and most profitable location to invest their funds and from where to operate a headquarters or manufacturing site. After more than a decade of prosperity and a strong currency coupled with the traditional political stability, the United States has emerged as a net importer of capital for the first time in post World War II history. Increasing profit margins for multinationals, relatively low interest rates, incredible stock exchange prices and volume, a reduced level of inflation and record consumer spending resulting from sophisticated demands of the baby boomer age, as well as an accelerated rate of immigrant arrivals, all have inspired new private investment from abroad, now surpassing the USD 5 trillion mark in direct and indirect investment. Surveys consistently show that foreign businesspersons, like their American counterparts, seek locations from which to manufacture, assemble, or service their products where the tax or investment incentives are most attractive. This fact is reflected in the operations of the Fortune 500 in the United States where 80 per cent of privately invested assets are located in the five states of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Illinois, and California, all of which are leaders in providing trade and investment concessions to businesses. Investment incentives consist of a variety of inducements ranging from tax credits and cash grants and tax exemptions or reductions to accelerated depreciation, loan subsidies and property tax, sales tax and customs duty exclusions or reductions, as well as foreign trade and enterprise zone availability. Unlike the array of incentives offered by foreign countries, the charts reflect that most of the States rely on property tax concessions, loan subsidy financing, development project rewards, low or no sales taxes and foreign trade zone availability. As in the case of Part I relating to State Investment Incentives, Part II of the "US State-by-State Guide to Investment Incentives and Capital Formation" covering the steps required to organize an entity in the United States, reflects great similarity in incorporation in contrast to enterprises wishing to operate abroad. The authors of this Guide present the reader with a clear picture of all the differing rules and regulations between the states that govern investors. It is clear, concise, user-friendly, and invaluable.