The pharmaceutical industry has changed beyond all recognition in the past 100 years. The modern industry is constantly in the news as new breakthroughs in medical treatment are announced, often provoking ethical and social debates about the implications of new technologies. This volume facilitates the study of the industry by providing information on the present location of pharmaceutical archives. The core of the book consists of a business-by-business guide to the industry's records. Each entry includes a brief history of the company, a summary of its surviving archives and a bibliography of related publications. Similar entries exist for trade associations and schools of pharmacy associated with the industry and there are two appendices listing small collections of records held and relevant public records. The historical compendium is supplemented by three introductory essays, written by leading academics in the field, outlining the history of the industry and describing the nature and uses of the archival records which it has created. These essays are supplemented by a select chronology of pharmaceutical legislation and a select bibliography of histories relating to the pharmaceutical industry in general. A users guide helps readers understand how the business entries were constructed and is supplemented by a glossary of terms used in this book As such, this book will no doubt prove an invaluable resource to researchers undertaking comparative studies of the pharmaceutical industry, the history of medicine and the retailing of medical drugs.

Contents:
1. Introduction 2. The Pharmaceutical Development Process 3. The Medical Device Development Process 4. Functions and Types of CRO's (referencing function listings in appendices) 5. Selection of CRO 6. Pricing and Cost 7. Monitoring Work 8. Common Problems and their Solutions

Silas Burroughs arrived in London from America in 1878 and proved himself an exceptional entrepreneur, taking the pharmaceutical business by storm. He was the brains and energy behind Burroughs Wellcome & Co. With his business partner Henry Wellcome he created an internationally successful firm, the legacy of which can be found in the charity the Wellcome Trust, yet few now remember him and the impact he made in his short lifetime. A consummate salesman, Burroughs was also an astute businessman, with new ideas for marketing, advertising and manufacturing: his writings describe sales trips around the world and the people he met. He was also a visionary employer who supported the eight-hour working day, profit-sharing, and numerous social and radical political movements, including the single tax movement, free travel, Irish Home Rule and world peace. In this first biography of Burroughs, Julia Sheppard explores his American origins, his religion and marriage, and his philanthropic work, as well as re-evaluating the dramatic deterioration of his relationship with his partner Wellcome.

Pharmaceutical Process Validation, Third Edition explores the roots of pharmaceutical process validation originating in Switzerland and Germany in the 1980s. It covers troubleshooting procedures, validation in contract manufacturing, and harmonization trends. New chapters include Validation for Medical Devices, Validation of Biotechnology Processes, Transdermal Process Validation, Integrated Packaging Validation, Statistical Methods for Uniformity and Dissolution Testing, Change Control and SUPAC, Validation in Contract Manufacturing, and Harmonization, GMPs, and Validation. It includes contributions by research and industry specialists from the U.S., Europe, and Japan.

This book introduces the principles and practices of modern medicinal chemistry and covers all aspects of drug discovery from the initial lead to final development. It teaches how to convert a lead compound into a potential drug and provides recent case histories as examples of successes. Medicinal Chemistry is unique in dealing with the subject in such a practical way and is the only book currently available to bring together all areas of the subject in one volume. This breadth of coverage is supplemented by references to specialist monographs and reviews, where the reader can find more detail on specific topics of interest if required. Medicinal Chemistry is essential reading for students studying medicinal chemistry, as it provides a grounding in all the required disciplines and subjects. It will also be of great interest to chemists, biochemists and pharmacologists either already working in or contemplating a career in the pharmaceutical and allied industries.

The world production of citrus fruit has risen enormously in the last few decades, leaping from forty-five million tons a year in the early 1970's to eighty-five million in the season of 1996-1997. More than thirty per cent of these fruits go into industrial production in which essential oils and juice are the principal products. The main applications of essential oils are as flavourings for alcohol, soft drinks, food, pharmaceutical products and as fragrances for cosmetics and beauty products. Today, the potential applications of these essential oils are growing wider because they are environmentally 'safer' than the petrochemical products they can sometimes replace.
This book offers comprehensive coverage on all aspects of the botany, cultivation, processing industry, chemistry and uses of Citrus and its oils. Anyone involved in food sciences, pharmaceutical sciences, cosmetics, pharmacy and plant sciences will no doubt find this volume to be of great value and interest.

eBook available with sample pages: 020321661X

The goal of an activity-directed isolation process is to isolate bioactive compounds which may provide structural leads of therapeutic importance. Whereas the traditional process of drug development is long and expensive, simple and rapid bioassays can serve as the starting point for drug discovery. This book presents a range of "bench top" bioassay techniques useful for natural product and pharmaceutical chemists involved in drug discovery and pharmacognosy. The contents detail a number of enzyme-based assays, cell-based functional bioassays and receptor radioligand binding assays along with detailed descriptions of each type. The majority of these bioassays are presented in a step-by-step format, so they could even be implemented by technical personnel with little background in microbiology, biochemistry or pharmacology.

This title was first published in 2003. Presenting information is a vital part of the job of both the medical director and other senior executives in the pharmaceutical industry, and yet the majority receive no training for this. Presentations have to be made internally to colleagues, clinical staff, marketing and product managers and medical sales representatives; and externally to professional medical specialists and NHS staff, the media and the general public. Anyone who manages or communicates adverse news needs to do so quickly and effectively, and be prepared to face difficult questions under media scrutiny. In this book, John Lidstone, an author acknowledged by the industry as an expert in marketing and presentation skills, provides readers with the tools and skills to make their presentations and media dealings a success. The book is divided into two parts. Part One, Preparing and Delivering Formal Presentations, provides extensive practical guidance on the techniques of effective presenting: establishing objectives and preparing the presentation, delivering the opening, core and conclusion, using visual aids and dealing with questions. It also includes a chapter on the skills required for video conferencing. The second part, Handling the Media, contains invaluable insight and instruction for a pharmaceutical executive facing any element of the media. It draws on the author's extraordinary experience and provides examples and advice with direct relevance to the pharmaceutical industry throughout, making this the only specialist book available on the subject.

Originally published in 1999 The Commercial Use of Biodiversity examines how biodiversity and the genetic material it contains are now as valuable resources. Access to genetic resources and their commercial development involve a wide range of parties such as conservation and research institutes, local communities, government agencies and companies. Equitable partnerships are not only crucial to conservation and economic development but are also in the interests of business and often required by law. In this authoritative and comprehensive volume, the authors explain the provisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity on access and benefit-sharing, the effect of national laws to implement these, and aspects of typical contracts for the transfer of materials. They provide a unique sector-by-sector analysis of how genetic resources are used, the scientific, technological and regulatory trends and the different markets in Pharmaceuticals, Botanical Medicines, Crop Development, Horticulture, Crop Protection, Biotechnology (in fields other than healthcare and agriculture) and Personal Care and Cosmetics Products. This will be an essential sourcebook for all those in the commercial chain, from raw material collection to product discovery, development and marketing, for governments and policy-makers drafting laws on access and for all the institutions, communities and individuals involved in the conservation, use, study and commercialisation of genetic resources.

The continuing quest for new drugs and agrochemicals has seen researchers looking to the natural world for potential products. Plants and microorganisms have long been investigated as sources of new lead compounds, but the scope of this book has been widened to include substances derived from marine organisms. Advances in genetic engineering, high throughput screening and structure elucidation have also opened up further avenues for exploration. Competitive pressure from the field of combinatorial chemistry has expedited new approaches to natural product analysis and stimulated debate on the industrial utilization of natural products. Biodiversity: New Leads for the Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Industries reviews and discusses aspects of modern natural products research. The central theme of many articles is the sustainable use of global biodiversity. Microbial, plant and marine products are presented as the sources of new drugs, including antifungal products, antibiotics, anticancer agents and animal health products. There is also coverage of the biosynthesis of polyketides and the chemical synthesis of natural products and their derivatives. A unique blend of industrial and academic perspectives on the importance of biodiversity and natural products, this book will prove an important source of state-of-the-art information for researchers, teachers and graduates in the chemical and biological sciences.

This Book explains and investigates how medicines are controlled in Europe, especially the EU. Based on penetrating documentary and interview research with the pharmaceutical industry, regulators and consumer organisations,it provides the first major critical examination of the new Europeanised systems of medicine regulation. The authors argue that the drive to produce and approve more drugs more quickly for a single European market dominates other considerations, such as improvements in democratic accountability, the independence of regulators and scientific expertise from commercial interests, and drug safety testing and surveillance.

This invaluable reference presents a comprehensive review of the basic methods for characterizing bioadhesive materials and improving vehicle targeting and uptake-offering possibilities for reformulating existing compounds to create new pharmaceuticals at lower development costs.
Evaluates the unique carrier characteristics of bioadhesive polymers and their power to enhance localization of delivered agents, local bioavailability, and drug absorption and transport
Written by over 50 international experts and reflecting broad knowledge of both traditional bioadhesive strategies and novel clinical applications, Bioadhesive Drug Delivery Systems
discusses mechanical and chemical bonding, polymer-mucus interactions, the effect of surface energy in bioadhesion, polymer hydration, and mucus rheology
analyzes biochemical properties of mucus and glycoproteins, cell adhesion molecules, and cellular interaction with two- and three-dimensional surfaces
covers microbalances and magnetic force transducers, atomic force microscopy, direct measurements of molecular level adhesions, and methods to measure cell-cell interactions
examines bioadhesive carriers, diffusion or penetration enhancers, and lectin-targeted vehicles
describes vaginal, nasal, buccal, ocular, and transdermal drug delivery
reviews bioadhesive interactions with the mucosal tissues of the eye and mouth, and those in the respiratory, urinary, and gastrointestinal tracts
explores issues of product development, clinical testing, and production
and more
Amply referenced with over 1400 bibliographic citations, and illustrated with more than 300 drawings, photographs, tables, and display equations, Bioadhesive Drug Delivery Systems serves as a sound basis for innovation in bioadhesive systems and an excellent introduction to the subject. This unique reference is ideal for pharmaceutical scientists and technologists; chemical, polymer, and plastics engineers; biochemists; physical, surface, and colloid chemists; biologists; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

This work considers the concepts and constraints that have to be considered in the design of small, medium and large scale production plants. The layout, along with the flow of materials and personnel through facilities are considered with reference to ensuring compliance with current good manufacturing practice. The book explains how clean rooms have developed, and how recent regulations affect their design. The latest concepts for reducing contamination levels from the operator and the product are discussed. It assess current changes in standards and quality control and makes suggestions for the "ideal production environment" to enable standards to be validated to current standards.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203483111

The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment identifies pathways of entry of pharmaceuticals into the environment, beginning with the role of global prescribing and disposal practices. The book then discusses typical levels of common pharmaceuticals and how they can be determined in natural waters such as raw and treated sewage, and in potable water. In addition, sections examine methods currently available to degrade pharmaceuticals in natural waters and some of their ecotoxicological impacts, along with future considerations and the growing concept of product stewardship.

Elements of Pharmaceutical Pricing shows account managers, product managers, marketing researchers, and other practitioners in the pharmaceutical industry how to improve your marketing and pricing skills. By describing the process for reaching pricing decisions and clarifying the environment of pharmaceutical marketing, this book demystifies the area of pharmaceutical pricing and shows how to use prices to capture the value of products instead of lowering their value. Recent pharmaceutical pricing decisions have reflected uninformed, emotional, and short-term thinking. Elements of Pharmaceutical Pricing shows you how to avoid these kinds of decisions, helping you refine your pricing skills and increase your firm's profitability by: showing you how to determine the value of a pharmaceutical product outlining a pricing philosophy that addresses the politics and problems you'll encounter tracing the pricing research process examining the role of price in the decision to purchase, prescribe, or use pharmaceuticals addressing the challenges facing the industry in the future As Dr. Kolassa explains in the Foreword, Elements of Pharmaceutical Pricing aims to "help create within [pharmaceutical] firms, and the industry, something that has been long overdue--the ability to 'price on purpose,'to make pricing decisions that are less emotional and more informed. This volume does not contain all the answers, but I believe it does pose many of the right questions, to help those charged with pricing to make informed decisions, to understand the likely implications of their pricing actions before taking them. This information should lead to better, more profitable pricing in the industry."

Elements of Pharmaceutical Pricing shows account managers, product managers, marketing researchers, and other practitioners in the pharmaceutical industry how to improve your marketing and pricing skills. By describing the process for reaching pricing decisions and clarifying the environment of pharmaceutical marketing, this book demystifies the area of pharmaceutical pricing and shows how to use prices to capture the value of products instead of lowering their value. Recent pharmaceutical pricing decisions have reflected uninformed, emotional, and short-term thinking. Elements of Pharmaceutical Pricing shows you how to avoid these kinds of decisions, helping you refine your pricing skills and increase your firm's profitability by: showing you how to determine the value of a pharmaceutical product outlining a pricing philosophy that addresses the politics and problems you'll encounter tracing the pricing research process examining the role of price in the decision to purchase, prescribe, or use pharmaceuticals addressing the challenges facing the industry in the future As Dr. Kolassa explains in the Foreword, Elements of Pharmaceutical Pricing aims to "help create within [pharmaceutical] firms, and the industry, something that has been long overdue--the ability to 'price on purpose,'to make pricing decisions that are less emotional and more informed. This volume does not contain all the answers, but I believe it does pose many of the right questions, to help those charged with pricing to make informed decisions, to understand the likely implications of their pricing actions before taking them. This information should lead to better, more profitable pricing in the industry."

For decades, medical professionals have betrayed the public's trust by accepting various benefits from the pharmaceutical industry. Both drug company representatives and doctors employ artful spin to portray this behavior positively to the public, and to themselves. In Hooked, Howard Brody argues that we can neither understand the problem, nor propose helpful solutions until we identify the many levels of activity connecting these purportedly noble industries. We can pass laws and enact regulations, but ultimately the medical profession must take responsibility for its own integrity. Hooked is a wake-up call for anyone expecting high quality, ethical medical care.

This unique reference provides the first systematic coverage available in a single-source volume on the application of materials science techniques to the pharmaceutical field-offering a comprehensive program for the physical characterization of raw materials, drug substances, and formulated products.

This title was first published in 2003. Presenting information is a vital part of the job of both the medical director and other senior executives in the pharmaceutical industry, and yet the majority receive no training for this. Presentations have to be made internally to colleagues, clinical staff, marketing and product managers and medical sales representatives; and externally to professional medical specialists and NHS staff, the media and the general public. Anyone who manages or communicates adverse news needs to do so quickly and effectively, and be prepared to face difficult questions under media scrutiny. In this book, John Lidstone, an author acknowledged by the industry as an expert in marketing and presentation skills, provides readers with the tools and skills to make their presentations and media dealings a success. The book is divided into two parts. Part One, Preparing and Delivering Formal Presentations, provides extensive practical guidance on the techniques of effective presenting: establishing objectives and preparing the presentation, delivering the opening, core and conclusion, using visual aids and dealing with questions. It also includes a chapter on the skills required for video conferencing. The second part, Handling the Media, contains invaluable insight and instruction for a pharmaceutical executive facing any element of the media. It draws on the author's extraordinary experience and provides examples and advice with direct relevance to the pharmaceutical industry throughout, making this the only specialist book available on the subject.

This book explores why Japan, despite being a world leader in many high technology industries such as automobiles and consumer electronics, is only a minor player in the global pharmaceutical industry. Japan provides a huge market for pharmaceuticals as the second largest consumer of prescription drugs after the United States, and is a massive importer of prescription drugs, relying on discoveries made elsewhere. This book charts the development of the industry, from the devastation resulting from the Second World War to its performance in the present day. Focusing in particular on antibiotics and anticancer drugs, the book analyses factors that have prevented Japan from leading the rapid advances in science and technology that have occurred globally over recent decades. Looking at the pharmaceutical industry, the book argues that the Japanese government's research and development policies were not sufficiently incentivising. It also shows how the nature of capitalism in Japan - which featured close relations between government and industry as well as between and within firms - was appropriate for nurturing industrial development in the immediate post-war decades, but became much less effective in later years.

In the post-liberalization period, India has slowly but steadily tried to foster innovation to improve competitive efficiency of Indian manufacturing and thus boost global competitiveness of the industrial sector. Foreign direct investment was looked upon as a major source of technology paradigm shift; in recent times, industrial firms have been investing overseas, even in countries to which they used to export, based on their technological capabilities. Firms in Indian manufacturing industries have also attempted to bring about technological upgrades through imports of design and drawings (disembodied technology) against lump sum, royalty and technical knowhow fees, and imports of capital machinery (embodied technology) where the technology is embodied in the capital good itself. This volume comprises empirical contributions on this emerging phenomenon, on a range of issues including the role of R mergers, acquisitions and technological efforts; technological determinants of competitive advantages; the role of small and medium enterprises and regional patterns; technological efforts and global operations; and the role of industrial clusters in promoting innovation and competitiveness. This book was originally published as a special issue of Innovation and Development.

In virtually every decision, a pharmaceutical executive considers some type of forecast. This process of predicting the future is crucial to many aspects of the company - from next month's production schedule, to market estimates for drugs in the next decade. The pharmaceutical forecaster needs to strike a delicate balance between over-engineering the forecast - including rafts of data and complex 'black box' equations that few stakeholders understand and even fewer buy into - and an overly simplistic approach that relies too heavily on anecdotal information and opinion. Art Cook's highly pragmatic guide explains the basis of a successful balanced forecast for products in development as well as currently marketed products. The author explores the pharmaceutical forecasting process; the varied tools and methods for new product and in-market forecasting; how they can be used to communicate market dynamics to the various stakeholders; and the strengths and weaknesses of different forecast approaches. The text is liberally illustrated with tables, diagrams and examples. The final extended case study provides the reader with an opportunity to test out their knowledge. Forecasting for the Pharmaceutical Industry is a definitive guide for forecasters as well as the multitude of decision makers and executives who rely on forecasts in their decision making.

This authoritative reference covers recent advances in the field, stressing an interdisciplinaryapproach to the development and use of biosensor technology in physics,engineering, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry (including immunochemistry).about the editors ...RICHARD P. BucK is a Professor in the Chemistry Department, University of Northcarolina, Chapel Hill. Professor Buck serves on the editorial boards of severaljournals including Analytical Instrumentation: Applications and Designs for Chemica~Biomedica~ and Environmental Science (Marcel Dekker, Inc.). He is a member of theAmerican Chemical Society, Electrochemical Society, and International Society ofElectrochemistry. He received the B.S. (1950) and M.S. (1951) degrees from thecalifornia Institute of Tochnology, Pasadena, and Ph.D. degree (1954) from theMassachusetts Institute of Tochnology, cambridge.W1WAM E. HATFIELD is Mary Ann Smith Professor and Vice Chairman of Chemistry,and Acting Chairman of the Curriculum in Applied Sciences, University of Northcarolina, Chapel Hill. He is the author or coauthor of over 300 publications, andcoeditor, with John H. Miller, Jr., of High-Temperature Superconducting Materials:Preparations, Properties, and Processing (Marcel Dekker, Inc.). He is a member of theAmerican Chemical Society, American Association for the Advancement of Science,and Materials Research Society. He received the B.S. (1958) and M.S. (1959) degreesfrom Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, Ph.D. degree (1962) from theUniversity of Arizona, Tucson, and completed postdoctoral research at the Universityof Illinois, Urbana.M1KTHA UMANA is an independent consultant to Glaxo Inc. and Research 'IriangleInstitute, Research 'Iriangle Park, and Duke University Engineering Research Center,Durham, North carolina. The coauthor of numerous scientific journal articles, herresearch interests include surface chemistry, electrochemistry, and biosensors. Shereceived the B.Sc. degree (1969) from the University of Chile, Santiago, and Ph.D.degree (1972) from the University of London, England.EDMOND E BowoEN is an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemistry andin the Biotechnology Program, North carolina State University, Raleigh. Thecoauthor of numerous journal articles, his research interests include bioelectrochemistry,biological electron transfer, biosensors, and surface chemistry. He receivedthe B.S. degree (1970) from Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, and Ph.D.degree (1982) from Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.