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Books > Academic & Education > Professional & Technical > Psychology
"Online Counseling" gives practical insight into how
professionals can translate and extend their practice to the
electronic online medium. The volume provides an overview of
current research on the use and effectiveness of counseling online
and data on the idiosyncrasies of online behavior and
communication. The practical aspects of and skill sets required for
counseling online are discussed at length, as are technological,
ethical, legal and multicultural issues, treatment strategies, and
testing and assessment.
This edited textbook isa fully updated and expanded version of the
highly successful first edition of "Human Factors in Aviation."
Written for the widespread aviation community - students,
engineers, scientists, pilots, managers, government personnel,
etc., HFA offers a comprehensive overview of the topic, taking
readers from the general to the specific, first covering broad
issues, then the more specific topics of pilot performance, human
factors in aircraft design, and vehicles and systems.
It has become a truism that the frozen optical diagram representation of vision is the worst possible picture of the way in which we visually interact with the environment. Even apart from our reaction to moving targets by pursuit movements, our visual behaviour can be said to be characterised by eye movements. We sample from our environment in a series of relatively brief fixations which move from one point to another in a series of extremely rapid jerks known as saccades. Many questions arising from this characteristic of vision are explored within this volume, including the question of how our visual world maintains its perceptual stability despite the drastic changes in input associated with these eye movements.
Positive psychology - essentially the scientific study of the
strengths that enable individuals and communities to thrive- is a
relatively new discipline that has experienced substantial growth
in the last 5-10 years. Research suggests that the principles and
theories from this area of study are highly relevant to the
practice of counseling and psychotherapy, and positive psychology
presents clinicians and patients with a much needed balance to the
more traditional focus on pathology and the disease model of mental
health. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the
best-researched positive psychological interventions. It emphasizes
clinical application, providing a detailed view of how the research
can be applied to patients. Covering the broaden-and-build theory,
strengths-based therapy, mentoring modalities and more, the volume
will provide numerous assessment tools, exercises and worksheets
for use throughout the counseling and psychotherapy process.
This book takes as a starting point, John Dewey's article, "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology," in which Dewey was calling for, in short, the utilisation of systems theories within psychology, theories of behaviour that capture its nature as a vastly-complex dynamic coordination of nested coordinations. This line of research was neglected as American psychology migrated towards behaviourism, where perception came to be thought of as being both a neural response to an external stimulus and a mediating neural stimulus leading to, or causing a muscular response. As such, perception becomes a question of how it is the perceiver creates neural representations of the physical world. Gestalt psychology, on the other hand, focused on perception itself, utilising the term Phenomenological Field; a term that elegantly nests perception and the organism within their respective, as well as relative, levels of organisation. With the development of servo-mechanisms during the second world war, systems theory began to take on momentum within psychology, and then in the 1970s William T Powers brought the notion of servo-control to perception in his book, "Behavior: The Control of Perception." Since then, scientists have come to see nature not as linear chain of contingent cause-effect relationships, but rather, as a non linear, unpredictable nesting of self referential, emergent coordinations, best described as Chaos theory. The implications for perception are astounding, while maintaining the double-aspect nature of perception espoused by the Gestalt psychologists. In short, system theories model perception within the context of a functioning organism, so that objects of experience come to be seen as scale-dependent, psychophysically-neutral, phenomenological transformations of energy structures, the dynamics of which are the result of evolution, and therefore, "a priori" to the individual case. This "a priori," homological unity among brain perception and world is revealed through the use of systems theories and represents the thrust of this book. All the authors are applying some sort of systems theory to the psychology of perception. However, unlike Dewey we have close to a century of technology we can bring to bear upon the issue. This book should be seen as a collection of such efforts.
"Adolescent Addiction: Epidemiology, Assessment, and Treatment"
presents a comprehensive review of information on adolescent
addiction, including prevalence and co-morbidity rates, risk
factors to addiction, and prevention and treatment strategies.
Unlike other books that may focus on one specific addiction, this
book covers a wide range of addictions in adolescents, including
alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, eating, gambling, internet and video
games, and sex addiction. Organized into three sections, the book
begins with the classification and assessment of adolescent
addiction. Section two has one chapter each on the aforementioned
addictions, discussing for each the definition, epidemiology, risk
factors, co-morbidity, course and outcome, and prevention and
intervention. Section three discusses the assessment and treatment
of co-morbid conditions in greater detail as well as the social and
political implications of adolescent addictions.
This book is both a set of procedures for the therapist and a
philosophy- one that is shared with clients and one that guides the
work of the therapist. This second edition continues its excellence
in offering clinicians a guide to doing what works in brief
therapy- for whom, and when and how to use it. Psychotherapy that
follows these guidelines validates the client's most important
concerns - and it often turns out to be surprisingly brief. Author,
Ellen Quick integrates strategic and solution focused therapy and
includes guidelines for tailoring technique and interventions to
client characteristics and preferences. With clinically rich
examples throughout, this book offers applications for couples,
including indications for individual or conjoint sessions.
WIth the ongoing pressures for psychologists to practice
evidence-based care, and the requirement insurance carriers have
both for treatment goals, measurement of outcomes, and a focus on
brief therapy, functional analysis provides a framework for
achieving all of the above. Having proven itself in treating
behavioral problems in education, functional analysis is now being
applied more broadly to behavioral and psychologial disorders.
This edited book examines some of the current inquiry related to
the study of emotions in educational contexts. There has been a
notable increased interest in educational research on emotions.
Exposure Therapy refers to any clinical intervention in which a
client directly confronts a source of fear. Since high levels of
anxiety can not be maintained indefinitely, repeated exposure leads
to decreased anxiety. This type of treatment is effective with
phobias, post traumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive
disorders, panic, generalized anxiety, and several other disorders.
It's also been found to be effective in helping to treat substance
abuse. Although exposure-based treatments have been extensively
researched and reported in the literature, there is no single
comprehensive treatment of exposure therapies. Writings tend to be
limited to larger pieces on treating specific disorders or types of
patients. A comprehensive book on the use of these treatments
across patient disorders will be of great use to practitioners.
The Handbook of Self-Regulation represents state-of-the-art
coverage of the latest theory, research, and developments in
applications of self-regulation research. Chapters are of interest
to psychologists interested in the development and operation of
self-regulation as well as applications to health, organizational,
clinical, and educational psychology.
Understanding the factors that place an individual at greater risk
of developing psychopathology has important implications for both
treatment and prevention of psychological disorders. Of critical
relevance in this regard is the exploration of the potential
influence of the family. Parenting and the family environment are
considered to significantly contribute to a child's early
development and adjustment. It follows then that parental behavior
may also be of importance in the development, maintenance and or
the prevention of psychopathology. Over the past 50 years there has
been a considerable amount of research as well as controversy
surrounding the link between parenting and psychopathology. The
purpose of this book is to provide researchers and clinicians with
state-of-the art research findings, presented by experts in the
field, on the role of the family in the development and maintenance
of psychopathology. This edited book is divided into 3 sections. The first addresses broader issues of theory and methodology and the second provides separate chapters relating to the role of the family in the development and maintenance of specific psychopathologies. A final section discusses the involvement of the family in treatment and prevention.
Evidence-Based Educational Methods answers the challenge of the "No
Child Left Behind Act" of 2001 by promoting evidence-based
educational methods designed to improve student learning.
Behavioral scientists have been refining these instructional
methods for decades before the current call for evidence-based
education. Precision Teaching, Direct Instruction, Computerized
Teaching, Personalized System of Instruction, and other unique
applications of behavior analysis are all informed by the
scientific principles of learning, have been tested in the
laboratory, and are often shown to have significant success in
field applications. This book details each of these approaches to
education based on the principles of behavior analysis. Individuals
and agencies responsible for instruction that leaves no child
behind will find this compendium an important resource for meeting
that challenge, and young educators will greatly benefit from this
text, as they will see a blueprint of the evidence-based education
systems being planned for the future.
Serial killers like Seattle's Ted Bundy, Maryland's Beltway Sniper,
Atlanta's Wayne Williams, or England's Peter Sutcliffe usually
outsmart the task forces on their trail for long periods of time.
Keppel and Birnes take readers inside the operations of serial
killer task forces to learn why. What is the underlying psychology
of a serial killer and why this defeats task force investigations?
One of the largest patient populations seen by neuropsychologists
are older adults suffering from problems associated with aging.
Further, the proportion of the population aged 65 and above is
rising rapidly. This book provides a guide to neuropsychological
clinicians increasingly called upon to assess this population. The
book details in a step-by-step fashion the phases and
considerations in performing a neuropsychological assessment of an
older patient. It covers procedural details including review of
patient's medical records, clinical interview, formal testing,
interpretation of test scores, addressing referral questions, and
preparing an evaluation report.
Self-regulation refers to the self's ability to control its own
thoughts, emotions, and actions. Through self-regulation, we
consciously control how much we eat, whether we give in to impulse,
task performance, obsessive thoughts, and even the extent to which
we allow ourselves recognition of our emotions. This work provides
a synthesis and overview of recent and long-standing research
findings of what is known of the successes and failures of
self-regulation.
The intent of this book is to describe those perceptual and cognitive components which contribute to skilled motor performance in a wide variety of disciplines, including sports, microsurgery, video games, and speech. Also considered are issues in the measurement of motor skill, the development of motor skill across the life span, and the importance of individual differences in the development of motor skill. Many chapters contain studies employing the expertise approach used so successfully to study cognitive skills in psychology. Using this approach, expert performers are compared to novices on domain relevant laboratory tasks in order to determine whether specific cognitive or perceptual processes are related to performance differences. This volume will be of value to kinesiologists, sport psychologists, physical educators, and cognitive psychologists who are interested in a new perspective on the nature of motor skills. The majority of the chapters include reviews of the literature necessary to understand the case being made. Thus, the book may be understood by any reader with a basic course in psychology or motor behavior.
The idea for this book grew out of the conference "Motivational
Psychology of Ontogenesis" held at the Max Planck Institute for
Human Development in Berlin, Germany, in May 1998. This conference
focused on the interface of development and motivation and
therefore brought together scholars from three major areas in
psychology - developmental, motivational and lifespan.
Recently, studies on aging processes and age-related changes in behavior have been expanding considerably, probably due to the dramatic changes observed in the demographics. This increase in the overall age and proportion of elderly people has heightened the severity of problems associated with the safety and well-being of elderly persons in everyday life. Many researchers working on motor control have thus focused more intensely on the effects of age on motor control. This new avenue of research has led to programs for alleviating or delaying the specific sensory-motor limitations encountered by the elderly (e.g. falls) in an attempt to make the elderly more autonomous. The aggregation of studies from different perspectives is often fascinating, especially when the same field can serve as a common ground between researchers. Nearly all contributors to this book work on sensory-motor aging; they represent a large range of affiliations and backgrounds including psychology, neurobiology, cognitive sciences, kinesiology, neuropsychology, neuropharmacology, motor performance, physical therapy, exercise science, and human development. Addressing age-related behavioral changes can also furnish some crucial reflections in the debate about motor coordination: aging is the product of both maturational and environmental processes, and studies on aging must determine how the intricate interrelationships between these processes evolve. The study of aging makes it possible to determine how compensatory mechanisms, operating on different subsystems and each aging at its own rate, compensate for biological degenerations and changing external demands. This volume will contribute to demonstrating that the study of the aging process raises important theoretical questions.
Our lives are informed by perceptual and cognitive processes at all levels, from instrumental learning to metaphorical discourse to memorial representation. Yet, historically, these two branches of experimental psychology, perception and cognition, have developed separately using independent methods of experimentation and analysis. This volume is motivated by the assumption that a fundamental integration of the two fields is fruitful methodologically and indispensable theoretically. It explores how the notion of psychophysics aligned with cognitive processes shapes the study of perception and cognition, and illuminates a variety of contemporary research issues from a novel theoretical perspective. The papers raise conceptual and metatheoretical issues against the background of relevant empirical data. The authors provide a virtually narrative account of the most recent developments in their respective fields of expertise in psychophysics and cognitive psychology. Hence, this volume gives the interested reader an opportunity to reflect critically upon some of the current issues defining the two domains and their conjunction. Topics discussed include the psychology and psychophysics of similarity, the psychophysics of visual memory and cognitive factors in judgment. The emerging notion of cognitive psychophysics may well warrant the attention of experts in the field.
People experiencing disorders in regulation are highly sensitive
to stimulation from the environment, emotionally reactive, and have
difficulty maintaining an organized and calm life style. They are
impulsive, easily frustrated, and as a result make decisions that
lead to an overwrought state-or who conversely retreat entirely
from the world. This disorder is most likely to accompany diagnoses
of bipolar or mood disorder, anxiety, depression,
obsessive-compulsive disorder, Asperger s syndrome, eating or sleep
disorders, and/or attention deficit disorder. This book instructs
therapists how best to treat the dysregulated adult, providing
diagnostic checklists, and a chapter by chapter inventory in
approaching treatment of dysregulation in a variety of life
skills.
"Solution Focused Anxiety Management" provides the clinician with evidence-based techniques to help clients manage anxiety. Cognitive behavioral and strategic tools, acceptance-based ideas, and mindfulness are introduced from a solution-focused perspective and tailored to client strengths and preferences. The book presents the conceptual foundation, methods, and attitudes of a solution-focused approach. Case examples illustrate how to transform anxiety into the "Four Cs" (courage, coping, appropriate caution and choice). Readers learn how to utilize solution focused anxiety management in single-session, brief, and intermittent therapy as well as in a class setting. The book additionally includes all materials needed for teaching solution focused anxiety management in a four-session psychoeducational class: complete instructor notes, learner readings, and companion online materials. Special Features Focuses on what works in anxiety management Presents evidenced based techniques from a solution-focused perspective Increases effectiveness by utilizing client strengths and preferences Describes applications in single session, brief, and intermittent therapy Supplies forms and worksheets for the therapist to use in practice Features clinically rich case examples Supplements text with online companion material Suitable for use as a treatment manual, reference, or course
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Individual Case Formulation presents formulation as a process that can be taught systematically to trainee therapists. The book begins by discussing assorted theories of case formulation, and critiques their ability to be applied in real world situations. The individual case formulation approach is then defined and discussed as a way to integrate the best of what different theoretical orientations have to offer in conjunction with the expertise and clinical judgment of the therapist. The book proposes a systemic/functional framework that focuses on difficulties as defined by the client and emphasizes constructive solutions to problems rather than symptom reduction. Moving from theory to application, the book then guides therapists in how to conduct assessment interviews, how to reach a provisional formulation, how to test that formulation for accuracy and reformulate if necessary, how a therapist can make explicit what their clinical reasoning was in making the case formulation, and provides case examples and transcripts so readers will better grasp the concepts in action. Intended both for the starting or trainee therapist and the experienced clinician, "Individual Case Formulation" provides a practical guide for those looking to improve their case formulation skills. Reviews: Richard Hallam, in a significant contribution to the understanding of this topic, presents us with both a scholarly and reflective review about the nature of Individual Case Formulation (ICF) in contemporary psychotherapy, and, also with a practical guide (well illustrated with case material) about how it may be further developed. ...this thought provoking book provides a timely review of both conceptual bases of ICF and an examination of current assumptions underlying ICF in the light of modern pressures to put people s psychological problems and complexities in to over simple categories, such as medical diagnoses. This is a book that should be a major reference text in all clinical and counselling psychology courses but, it is also a thought provoking volume to read for the established practitioner (or clinician). -David J. de L. Horne, "Clinical Psychologist" Reviews, critiques and compares multiple theories on formulationIdentifies benefits of utilizing the individual case approachGuides trainee therapists how to conduct assessment interviews and reach a provisional formulationPresents a conceptual framework for developing and testing a formulationHelps trainees make explicit their clinical reasoningField-tested for several decadesProvides case examples with annotated transcripts to illustrate the process of formulation"
Introduction to Forensic Psychology, Third Edition, has been completely restructured to explain in greater detail how courses on forensic psychology are taught, making it more applicable as a textbook than previous editions. It also features more figures, tables and text boxes, making it a true textbook. What this book has that others do not is equal representation of criminal behavior, the court systems, and law enforcement/prisons. It also has equal representation of criminal and civil forensics. Other texts tend to be weighted towards just criminal behavior or just criminal justice and primarily criminal or civic forensics but not both. This new edition also has equal representation of issues to pertaining to adults and children. It contains new coverage of cyberbullying, tests and assessments in the courtroom, mental deficiency and competency to stand trial, and information on mothers who kill their children. Adult, juvenile and family issues are dealt with separately, making it easier to find what you need. Case illustrations dramatically highlight how the lives of individuals have been (or could be) impacted by developments in psychology and law. Chapters now include pedagogy, including outlines, main points, and relevant websites. This book is intended for professors teaching introduction to forensic psychology, as well as for students interested in adult, child, and family forensics as they apply to criminal and civic forensics law enforcement/prisons.
The Psychology of Music serves as an introduction to an interdisciplinary field in psychology, which focuses on the interpretation of music through mental function. This interpretation leads to the characterization of music through perceiving, remembering, creating, performing, and responding to music. In particular, the book provides an overview of the perception of musical tones by discussing different sound characteristics, like loudness, pitch and timbre, together with interaction between these attributes. It also discusses the effect of computer resources on the psychological study of music through computational modeling. In this way, models of pitch perception, grouping and voice separation, and harmonic analysis were developed. The book further discusses musical development in social and emotional contexts, and it presents ways that music training can enhance the singing ability of an individual. The book can be used as a reference source for perceptual and cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, and musicians. It can also serve as a textbook for advanced courses in the psychological study of music. |
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