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Books > Medicine > General issues > Public health & preventive medicine
Given the at times confusing new information concerning the human
microbiome released over the last few years, this book seeks to put
the research field into perspective for non-specialists. Addressing
a timely topic, it breaks down recent research developments in a
way that everyone with a scientific background can understand. The
book discusses why microorganisms are vital to our lives and how
our nutrition influences the interaction with our own gut bacteria.
In turn, it goes into more detail on how microbial communities are
organised and why they are able to survive in the unique
environment of our intestines. Readers will also learn about how
their personal microbial profile is as unique as their fingerprint,
and how it can be affected by a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle.
Thanks to the open and easy-to-follow language used, the book
offers an overview for all readers with a basic understanding of
biology, and sheds new light on this fascinating and important part
of our bodies.
This volume collects selected, peer-reviewed contributions from the
2nd Conference of the International Society for Nonparametric
Statistics (ISNPS), held in Cadiz (Spain) between June 11-16 2014,
and sponsored by the American Statistical Association, the
Institute of Mathematical Statistics, the Bernoulli Society for
Mathematical Statistics and Probability, the Journal of
Nonparametric Statistics and Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. The
15 articles are a representative sample of the 336 contributed
papers presented at the conference. They cover topics such as
high-dimensional data modelling, inference for stochastic processes
and for dependent data, nonparametric and goodness-of-fit testing,
nonparametric curve estimation, object-oriented data analysis, and
semiparametric inference. The aim of the ISNPS 2014 conference was
to bring together recent advances and trends in several areas of
nonparametric statistics in order to facilitate the exchange of
research ideas, promote collaboration among researchers from around
the globe, and contribute to the further development of the field.
This book explores the long-term outcomes of severe and ongoing
trauma-particularly complex posttraumatic stress disorder
(C-PTSD)-from phenomenological and cognitive perspectives. For
example, C-PTSD can result in impairments at the body-schema level.
In order to survive, trauma victims may conduct their lives at the
body-image level, thus producing a mismatch between body schema and
body image. In turn, as in the case of somatoparaphrenia and body
integrity identity disorder, this incongruity can result in body
disownership, which will affect long-term outcomes of severe and
ongoing trauma.
This clear-sighted volume introduces the concept of "disruptive
cooperation"- transformative partnerships between the health and
technology sectors to eliminate widespread healthcare problems such
as inequities, waste, and inappropriate care. Emphasizing the most
pressing issues of a world growing older with long-term chronic
illness, it unveils a new framework for personalized, integrative
service based in mobile technologies. Coverage analyzes social
aspects of illness and health, clinically robust uses of health
data, and wireless and wearable applications in intervention,
prevention, and health promotion. And case studies from digital
health innovators illustrate opportunities for coordinating the
service delivery, business, research/science, and policy sectors to
promote healthier aging worldwide. Included among the topics:
Cooperation in aging services technologies The quantified self,
wearables, and the tracking revolution Smart healthy cities:
public-private partnerships Beyond silos to data analytics for
population health Cooperation for building secure standards for
health data Peer-to-peer platforms for physicians in underserved
areas: a human rights approach to social media in medicine
Disruptive Cooperation in Digital Health will energize digital
health and healthcare professionals in both non-profit and
for-profit settings. Policymakers and public health professionals
with an interest in innovation policy should find it an inspiring
ideabook.
This book describes how epigenetic context, in a large sense,
affects gene expression and the development of an organism, using
the asymptotic limit theorems of information theory to construct
statistical models useful in data analysis. The approach allows
deep understanding of how embedding context affects development. We
find that epigenetic information sources act as tunable catalysts,
directing ontogeny into characteristic pathways, a perspective
having important implications for epigenetic epidemiology. In sum,
environmental stressors can induce a broad spectrum of
developmental dysfunctions, and the book explores a number of
pandemic chronic diseases, using U.S. data at different scales and
levels of organization. In particular, we find the legacy of
slavery has been grossly compounded by accelerating industrial
decline and urban decay. Individual chapters are dedicated to
obesity and its sequelae, coronary heart disease, cancer, mental
disorders, autoimmune dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease, and other
conditions. Developmental disorders are driven by environmental
factors channeled by historical trajectory and are unlikely to
respond to medical interventions at the population level in the
face of persistent individual and community stress. Drugs powerful
enough to affect deleterious epigenetic programming will likely
have side effects leading to shortened lifespan. Addressing chronic
conditions and developmental disorders requires significant
large-scale changes in public policy and resource allocation.
This book is the first to present a regional analysis of climate
change and human health, focusing on geographically and
socio-economically distinct countries of South and Southeast Asia.
It has a major focus on India, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Malaysia,
Thailand, Nepal and Taiwan. Climate change is a significant and
emerging threat to human health. lt represents a range of
environmental hazards and will affect populations in both the
developed and developing countries. In particular, it affects the
regions where the current burden of climate-sensitive diseases are
high, which is the case in South and Southeast Asian countries.
This book discusses fundamental discourses relating to health in
Africa arising out of the consequences of endemic diseases in
Africa. It identifies, explains and illustrates the contexts,
challenges and efforts to combat these diseases. The book provides
a unique comparative analysis of African contexts of health,
thereby not ignoring the global contexts of health within which
Africa exists. It follows a macro-analytic stance about health in
Africa framed around significant/pressing issues. "Discourse of
disease" is part of a profound sociological discourse of health in
Africa, which provides a framework for students, academics and
healthcare practitioners to understand the states of health and
healthcare in Africa.
1 Einleitung.- 1.1 Rechtliche Hygieneregelung.- 1.2 Aspekte zum
Hygienekonzept.- Literatur.- 2 Begriffe zur Lebensmittelhygiene.-
2.1 Lebensmittel.- 2.2 Lebensmittelhygiene.- 2.3 Leichtverderbliche
Lebensmittel.- 2.4 Verpackte Lebensmittel.- 2.5 Herstellen.- 2.6
Behandeln.- 2.7 In-Verkehr-bringen.- 2.8 Verzehren.- 2.9
Nachteilige Beeinflussung.- 2.10 Genusstauglichkeit/ Genusswert.-
2.11 Mindesthaltbarkeitsdatum.- 2.12 Bedarfsgegenstande.-
Literatur.- 3 Lebensmittelmikrobiologie.- 3.1 Einteilung von
Mikroorganismen.- 3.1.1 Bakterien und Bakteriensporen.- 3.1.2
Schimmelpilze.- 3.1.3 Hefepilze.- 3.1.4 Viren.- 3.2 Groessenordnung
von Mikroorganismen und Viren.- 3.3 Erkennbarmachung von Keimen.-
3.4 Vermehrungsformen von Mikroorganismen.- 3.4.1 Ungeschlechtliche
Fortpflanzung.- 3.4.2 Geschlechtliche Fortpflanzung von Hefen.- 3.5
Gesundheitsgefahrdende Mikroorganismen, Lebensmittelverderber und
Nutzlinge.- 3.5.1 Gesundheitsgefahrdende Mikroorganismen und
schadliche Stoffwechselprodukte.- 3.5.2 Lebensmittelverderber.-
3.5.3 Technologisch erwunschte Mikroorganismen.- Literatur.- 4
Wachstumsvoraussetzungen fur Mikroorganismen - Beeinflussung der
Vermehrung.- 4.1 Wachstumsfaktoren.- 4.1.1 Nahrstoffangebot.- 4.1.2
Wasseraktivitat und Feuchtigkeit.- 4.1.3 pH-Wert.- 4.1.4
Temperatur.- 4.1.5 Redoxpotential.- 4.2 Beeinflussung des Wachstums
von Mikroorganismen.- Literatur.- 5 Mikrobielle Gefahrdung von
Produkten.- 5.1 Lebensmittelverderb.- 5.1.1 Faulnis.- 5.1.2
Garung.- 5.1.3 Sauerung.- 5.1.4 Ranziditat.- 5.1.5 Schimmeln.- 5.2
Lebensmittelvergiftung.- 5.2.1 Salmonellen.- 5.2.2 Staphylococcus
aureus.- 5.2.3 Clostridium perfringens.- 5.2.4 Clostridium
botulinum.- 5.2.5 Bacillus cereus.- 5.2.6 Listeria monocytogenes.-
5.3 Gefahrdungen physikalischen Ursprungs.- Literatur.- 6
Schadlingsbefall und weitere Gefahrdungen.- 6.1 Insekten.- 6.2
Nager und Voegel.- 6.3 Schadlingsbekampfung als Teil der
Betriebshygiene.- 6.4 Chemische Schadensquellen.- 6.5 Physikalische
Schadensquellen.- 7 Raum-und Anlagenhygiene.- 7.1 Reinigung und
Desinfektion.- 7.1.1 Reinigungsverfahren.- 7.1.2 Desinfektion.-
7.1.3 Reinigungsintervalle.- 7.2 Raumtemperaturen.- 7.3
Konstruktive Anlagenhygiene.- Literatur.- 8 Stichprobenplane.- 8.1
Mikrobiologische Stichprobenplane.- 8.1.1 2-Klassenplan.- 8.1.2
3-Klassenplan.- 8.2 Stichprobenplane fur die sensorische Prufung.-
Literatur.- 9 Betriebseigene Massnahmen und Kontrollen -
HACCP-Konzept.- 9.1 Produktbeschreibung, Ermittlung potentieller
Gefahren, Identifizierung kritischer Punkte (HACCP-Grundsatze
1-3).- 9.2 Festlegung und Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens zur
UEberwachung und Kontrolle der kritischen Punkte (HACCP-Grundsatze
4, 5).- 9.3 UEberprufung der Eigenkontrollsysteme, Dokumentation
(HACCP-Grundsatze 6, 7).- Literatur.
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Aging in Europe
(Hardcover)
J.J.F. Schroots, G. Rudinger, R. Fernandez-Ballesteros
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R2,985
Discovery Miles 29 850
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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Human aging is perhaps the most complex and important subject that
will be facing science and societies in the next century. People
seem to be living longer and remaining more active than their
parents and grandparents, caused by to social and demographic
shifts that must be accommodated by society. On the other hand it
presents perplexing questions about the underlying processes and
determinants of healthy aging. This book gives a design for
research that will increase our understanding of the factors that
influence healthy aging and can lead to improvements in reducing
the levels of disability in the population. Its focus is on
bio-behavioural and psychological factors contributing to healthy
aging. Since human aging is determined by many interacting
conditions inside and outside of the organism, research should
concentrate on ecological relationships between the human organism
and its social and physical environment. Not only individual
characteristics associated with aging are discussed in this book,
but also their impacts on society. The information presented in
'Aging in Europe' has not been available in any single source
before. In many ways this book provides a model of gaining
knowledge through cooperation that should guide us in the next
century and beyond.
Starting with more general issues of healthcare policy and
governance in a global perspective and using the lens of national
case studies of healthcare reform, this handbook addresses key
themes in the debates over changing healthcare policy.
This volume describes classic and contemporary theory and research in social psychology that sheds light on how people think about health and illness, as well as their willingness to engage in health-relevant behaviors. The Editors have selected papers that serve to illustrate the reciprocal relation between advances in theory and advances in practice.
The first two sections of the volume examine people's mental representations of health and health practices, and how these personal construals and implicit theories are linked to behavior. People can react to new health information in different ways - with acceptance, defensiveness, or downright ignorance. Research that can help us to understand these varied reactions is examined in Section 3. The following sections consider how classic social psychological theories and perspectives can be used to understand behavior relevant to health and illness. These include social influence, social comparison, pluralistic ignorance, social support, cognitive dissonance, message framing, and attribution theory. Finally, several articles consider links between personality characteristics and health, such as those between hostility and heart disease, and confiding traumatic experiences and immune function. The volume also contains a introductory chapter by the editors which provides a discussion of why social and personality psychologists should be interested in health and illness.
Together with overviews for each section, discussion questions, and suggestions for further reading, the volume is an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on health psychology. The volume is also appropriate for courses in related disciplines such as public health, nursing, health education, health communication, and other allied health sciences.
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This book demystifies the cultural work of syphilis from the late
nineteenth century to the present. By interrogating the motivations
that engender habits of belief, thought, and conduct regarding the
disease and notions of the self, this interdisciplinary volume
investigates constructions of syphilis that had a significant role
in shaping modern subjectivity. Chapters draw from a variety of
scholarly methods, such as cultural and literary studies,
sociology, and anthropology. Authors unravel the representations
and influence of syphilis in various cultural forms: cartography,
medical writings, literature, historical periodicals, and
contemporary popular discourses such as internet forums and
electronic news media. Exploring the ways syphilitic rhetoric
responds to, generates, or threatens social systems and cultural
capital offers a method by which we can better understand the
geographies of blame that are central to the conceptual heritage of
the disease. This unique volume will appeal to students and
scholars in the medical humanities, medical sociology, the history
of medicine, and Victorian and modernist studies.
This study explores the regulation of occupational health in the
British asbestos industry from the recognition in the late 1890s
that asbestos dust might pose a health hazard until the
establishment of the 1969 Asbestos regulations. Whereas almost all
of those who have written on this subject have attacked the entire
asbestos industry and all its works, The Way from Dusty Death takes
a more balanced view. It accepts the history of asbestos and health
as in many ways a human tragedy, but it rejects simplistic,
universalised arguments that this has been a tragedy with a cast
only of villains, dupes and victims. The historical account
includes the emergence of medical, and then official, concern about
the three diseases related to asbestos (asbestosis, lung cancer and
mesothelioma) the legislative process during and after the 1930s
and the impact of the 1931 Asbestos Industry Regulations. The book
brings together much previously unexamined material - including
copious government records, combined with unimpeded access to the
vast archive of documents kept by the leading British asbestos
manufacturer, Turner and Newall - to present a unique analysis of
occupational health and its regulation in the 20th Century.
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