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Books > Humanities > Religion & beliefs > Christianity > Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholic Church
Jesuit on the Roof of the World is the first full-length study in
any language of Ippolito Desideri (1684-1733), a Jesuit explorer
and missionary who traveled in Tibet from 1715 to 1721.
Based on close readings of a wide range of primary sources in
Tibetan, Italian, and Latin, Jesuit on the Roof of the World
follows Desideri's journey across the great Western deserts of
Tibet, his entry into the court of the Mongol chieftain Lhazang
Khan, and his flight across Eastern Tibet during the wars that
shook Tibet during the early-eighteenth century. While telling of
these harrowing events, Desideri relates the dramatic encounter
between his Jesuit philosophy and the scholasticism of the Geluk
monks; the personal conflict between his own Roman Catholic beliefs
and his appreciation of Tibet religion and culture; and the
travails of a variety of colorful characters whose political
intrigues led to the invasion of Zunghar Mongols of 1717 and the
establishment of the Chinese protectorate in 1720.
As the Tibetans fought among themselves, the missionary waged his
own war against demons, sorcerers, and rival scholastic
philosophers. Towering over all in the mind of the missionary was
the "fabulous idol" Avalokitesvara and its embodiment in the Sixth
Dalai Lama Tsangyang Gyatso. In describing his spiritual warfare
against the Tibetan "pope," the missionary offers a unique glimpse
into theological problem of the salvation of non-Christians in
early modern theology; the curious-and highly controversial-appeal
of Hermetic philosophy in the Asian missions; the political
underbelly of the Chinese Rites Controversy; and the persistent
European fascination with the land of snows."
The first Franciscan friar to occupy a chair of theology at Oxford,
Adam Marsh became famous both in England and on the continent as
one of the foremost Biblical scholars of his time. He moved with
equal assurance in the world of politics and the scholastic world
of the university. Few men without official position can have had
their advice so eagerly sought by so many in high places. He was
counselor to King Henry III and the queen, the spiritual director
of Simon de Montfort and his wife, the devoted friend and counselor
of Robert Grosseteste, and consultant to the rulers of the
Franciscan order.
Scholars have long recognized the importance of his influence as
mentor and spiritual activator of a circle of idealistic clergy and
laymen, whose pressure for reform in secular government as well as
in the Church culminated in the political upheavals of the years
1258-65. The collection of his letters, compiled by an unknown
copyist within thirty years of his death, is perhaps the most
illuminating and historically important series of private letters
to be produced in England before the fifteenth century. The
inclusion among his correspondents of such notable figures as
Grosseteste, de Montfort, Queen Eleanor, and Archbishop Boniface,
make the collection a source of primary importance for the
political history of England, the English Church, and the
organization of Oxford University in the turbulent middle years of
the thirteenth century.
This critical edition, which supersedes the only previous edition
published by J. S. Brewer in the Rolls Series nearly 150 years ago,
is accompanied for the first time by an English translation. Volume
II contains a further set of letters and indices to both volumes.
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Religion and Democratization is a comparative study of how regime
types and religion-state arrangements frame questions of religious
and political identities in Muslim and Catholic societies. The book
proposes a theory for modeling the dynamics of "religiously
friendly democratization " processes in which states
institutionally favor specific religious values and organizations
and allow religious political parties to contest elections.
Religiously friendly democratization has a transformative effect on
both the democratic politics and religious life of society. As this
book demonstrates, it affects the political goals of religious
leaders and the political salience of the religious identities of
religious individuals. In a religiously charged national setting,
religiously friendly democratization can generate more support for
democracy among religious actors. By embedding religious ideas and
values into its institutions, however, it also mediates the effects
of secularization on national religious markets, creating more
favorable conditions for the emergence of public religions and new
trajectories of religious life. The book anchors its theoretical
claims in case studies of Italy and Algeria, integrating original
qualitative evidence and statistical data on voters' political and
religious attitudes. It also considers the dynamics of religiously
friendly democratization across the Muslim world today, through a
comparative analysis of Tunisia, Morocco, Turkey and Indonesia.
Finally, the book examines the theory's wider relevance through a
large-N quantitative analysis, employing cross-national databases
on religion-state relationships created by Grim and Finke and Fox.
When most people think about Catholicism and science, they will
automatically think of one of the famous events in the history of
science - the condemnation of Galileo by the Roman Catholic Church.
But the interaction of Catholics with science has been - and is -
far more complex and positive than that depicted in the legend of
the Galileo affair. Understanding the natural world has always been
a strength of Catholic thought and research - from the great
theologians of the Middle Ages to the present day - and science has
been a hallmark of Catholic education for centuries. Catholicism
and Science, a volume in the Greenwood Guides to Science and
Religion series, covers all aspects of the relationship of science
and the Church: How Catholics interacted with the profound changes
in the physical sciences ("natural philosophy") and biological
sciences ("natural history") during the Scientific Revolution. How
Catholic scientists reacted to the theory of evolution and their
attempts to make evolution compatible with Catholic theology The
implications of Roman Catholic doctrinal and moral teachings for
neuroscientific research, and for investigation into genetics and
cloning. The volume includes primary source documents, a glossary
and timeline of important events, and an annotated bibliography of
the most useful works for further research
This is an introduction to the World's major religions from a
Catholic Perspective. There is no single standard textbook that
outlines the official Roman Catholic theological position in
relation to other religions which then explicates this orientation
theologically and phenomenologically in relation to the four main
religions of the world and the flowering of new religious movements
in the west. The present project will cover this serious gap in the
literature. After outlining the teaching of Vatican II and the
magisterium since then (chapter one), each subsequent chapter will
be divided equally between: an exposition of the history and
features of the religion or movement being studied; and a serious
theological analysis of these features, showing how these religions
do have elements in common, as well as how they differ in
fundamental ways from Catholicism.
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