Praise for Algorithmic Trading "Algorithmic Trading is an insightful book on quantitative trading written by a seasoned practitioner. What sets this book apart from many others in the space is the emphasis on real examples as opposed to just theory. Concepts are not only described, they are brought to life with actual trading strategies, which give the reader insight into how and why each strategy was developed, how it was implemented, and even how it was coded. This book is a valuable resource for anyone looking to create their own systematic trading strategies and those involved in manager selection, where the knowledge contained in this book will lead to a more informed and nuanced conversation with managers." DAREN SMITH, CFA, CAIA, FSA, Managing Director, Manager Selection & Portfolio Construction, University of Toronto Asset Management "Using an excellent selection of mean reversion and momentum strategies, Ernie explains the rationale behind each one, shows how to test it, how to improve it, and discusses implementation issues. His book is a careful, detailed exposition of the scientific method applied to strategy development. For serious retail traders, I know of no other book that provides this range of examples and level of detail. His discussions of how regime changes affect strategies, and of risk management, are invaluable bonuses." Roger Hunter, Mathematician and Algorithmic Trader

Critical Praise… "In my interviews with over 30 of the best traders of our time, there were some questions that I raised in each conversation. One of these was: Are there any books that you found particularly valuable and would recommend to aspiring traders? By far, the most frequent response was Reminiscences of a Stock Operator—a book that was over 70 years old!" —from the Foreword by Jack Schwager Author of Market Wizards and The New Market Wizards "Although Reminiscences…was first published some 70 years ago, its take on crowd psychology and market timing is as timely as last summer’s frenzy on the foreign exchange markets." —Worth magazine "The most entertaining book written on investing is Reminiscences of a Stock Operator, by Edwin Lefèvre, first published in 1923." —The Seattle Times "The best book I’ve read is Reminiscences of a Stock Operator. I keep a supply for people who come to work for me." —Martin Zweig "After 20 years and many re-reads, Reminiscences is still one of my all-time favorites." —Kenneth L. Fisher Forbes Offering timeless lessons about the market and investor psychology, Reminiscences of a Stock Operator has enriched the lives of generations of investors and continues to be the most widely read and celebrated investment book ever written.

The Defensive Value Investor presents a simple and comprehensive strategy for building and managing a share portfolio. Defensive investing focuses on strong, steady companies that produce decent rates of income and capital growth, but with risk often coming from a lofty share price. Value investing on the other hand is focused on buying companies on the cheap, but the danger is that these companies are cheap for a reason. Defensive Value combines the two and involves buying relatively defensive companies at value for money prices. John Kingham explains how to screen for shares with the best combination of quality, value, income and growth, how to conduct a thorough qualitative analysis, when to buy, when to sell, and how to combine your investments into an easily manageable portfolio to reduce risk and increase returns. He also illustrates the method throughout with the help of real-life examples. Each step of the process has a simple "rule of thumb" to make it easy to remember what you should do. When these rules are put together they provide a checklist of straightforward, actionable statements for the Defensive Value Investor to follow. You may choose to adopt the full Defensive Value approach, or you may prefer to incorporate some of the techniques into your own share analysis. Either way, this comprehensive book is an essential addition to the library of every investor.

An analysis of the investment approach of the world's top investors, showing how to achieve market-beating returns. It is possible to beat the market. Taking this as a starting point, Excess Returns sets out to explore how exactly the most famous investors in the world have done it, year after year, sometimes by huge margins. Excess Returns is not a superficial survey of what investors have said about what they do. Rather, Frederik Vanhaverbeke applies a forensic analysis to hundreds of books, articles, letters and speeches made by dozens of top investors over the last century and synthesises his findings into a definitive blueprint of how exactly these investment legends have gone about their work. Among the legends whose work has been studied are Anthony Bolton, David Bonderman, Warren Buffett, Philip Carret, David Einhorn, Benjamin Graham, Joel Greenblatt, Seth Klarman, Peter Lynch, Jim Rogers, Walter Schloss, George Soros, John Templeton and many more.Among the revealing insights, you will learn of the striking similarities in the craft of great investors, crucial subtleties in their methods that are ignored by many, and the unconscious errors investors commonly make and how these are counter to successful investing. Special attention is given to two often overlooked areas: effective investment philosophy and investment intelligence. The investing essentials covered include: finding bargain shares; making a quantitative and qualitative business analysis; valuation methods; investing throughout the business cycle; timing buy and sell decisions; and much, much more! Excess Returns is full of timeless and practical insights, presented in a unique style, to help investors focus on the most promising opportunities and lead the way to beating the market.

This is the classic work on Elliott Wave and market cycles returned to print. During the 1930s, R. N. Elliott undertook the painstaking procedure of attempting to classify share price movements for the preceding 80 years on Wall Street. It was during the course of this seminal work that Elliott discovered a definable basic rhythm in share price movements which he felt had forecasting value when correctly applied. In 1938 Elliott published his findings in a series of articles with the overall title "The Wave Principle". After publication, Elliott's work drifted into obscurity, until Robert Beckman's 'Supertiming' introduced it to a new audience. In this renowned work, Beckman sets out with three main objectives: to clarify obscurities and grey areas of The Wave Principle that were present in Elliott's original writing; to incorporate the work of other analysts in order to allow the Wave Principle to have a broader application; and to show the correct conceptual approach that should be used with the Wave Principle so that one can apply it with confidence and consistency.If you are willing to approach the subject of stock market behaviour with an open mind, who have faith in the fundamental laws of economics and the consistency of human nature, and who would like to avoid the pitfalls that have deluded the investment community for decades, this is the book for you.

A one-of-a-kind book that shows you how to cash in on the latest investing trend—short selling

"The Art of Short Selling is the best description of this difficult technique."—John Train, Train, Thomas, Smith Investment Counsel, and author of The New Money Masters

"Kathryn Staley has done a masterful job explaining the highly specialized art of short selling. Her approach to telling the true stories of famous investment 'scams' will keep the reader spellbound, while teaching the investor many crucial lessons."—David W. Tice, Portfolio Manager, Prudent Bear Fund

"Selling short is still a misunderstood discipline, but even the most raging bull needs to know this valuable technique to master the ever-changing markets."—Jim Rogers, author, Investment Biker

On the investment playing field, there is perhaps no game more exciting than short selling. With the right moves, it can yield high returns; one misstep, however, can have disastrous consequences. Despite the risk, a growing number of players are anteing up, sparked in part by success stories such as that of George Soros and the billions he netted by short selling the British pound. In The Art of Short Selling, Kathryn Staley, an expert in the field, examines the essentials of this important investment vehicle, providing a comprehensive game plan with which you can effectively play—and win—the short selling game.

Whether used as a means of hedging bets, decreasing the volatility of total returns, or improving returns, short selling must be handled with care—and with the right know-how. As Staley points out, "Short selling is not for the faint of heart. If a stock moves against the position holder, the effect on a portfolio and net worth can be devastating. Investors need to understand the impact on their accounts as well as the consequences of getting bought in before they indulge in short selling." The Art of Short Selling guides you—clearly and concisely—through the ins and outs of this high-risk, high-stakes game.

The first—and most important—move in selling short is to identify flaws in a business before its share prices drop. To help you tackle this key step, Staley shows you how to evaluate company financial statements and balance sheets, make sense of return ratios, detect inconsistencies in inventory, and analyze the statement of cash flows. Through real-world examples that illustrate the shorting of bubble, high multiple growth, and theme stocks, you'll proceed step by step through the complete process and learn to carry out all the essentials for a successful short sell, including quantifying the risk factor and orchestrating correct timing, as well as implementing advanced valuation techniques to execute the sell/buy.

Packed with landmark, cutting-edge examples, up-to-the-minute guidelines, and pertinent regulations, The Art of Short Selling is a timely and comprehensive reference that arms you with the necessary tools to make a prepared and confident entrance onto the short selling playing field.

This is a brand new, fully updated, second edition of the classic bestseller. Who are the professional investment managers responsible for moving and making millions on the stock market? What approaches and strategies do they adopt? Britain has more successful stock market investors than any other country outside the United States. Yet for a long time their activities - and the secrets of their success - have remained shrouded in mystery to anyone outside the Square Mile. Now the City's top professional investors have talked in depth to a leading financial writer about their lives and their strategies for making money on the stock market. They include such market wizards as the private investor's champion Jim Slater, Michael Hart, long time manager of the UK's oldest investment trust, stockpicker supreme Anthony Bolton, and emerging markets guru Mark Mobius, Nobody with an interest in stocks and shares can fail to learn from reading how these consummate professionals go about their business. Or from their advice on what it takes to be a winner in the financial markets.The Money Makers profiled are: Anthony Bolton, Ian Rushbrook, Nils Taube, Colin McLean, Michael Hart, John Carrington, Jim Slater and Mark Mobius.

The national bestseller!

The Oakland Athletics have a secret: a winning baseball team is made, not bought.

I wrote this book because I fell in love with a story. The story concerned a small group of undervalued professional baseball players and executives, many of whom had been rejected as unfit for the big leagues, who had turned themselves into one of the most successful franchises in Major League Baseball. But the idea for the book came well before I had good reason to write it—before I had a story to fall in love with. It began, really, with an innocent question: how did one of the poorest teams in baseball, the Oakland Athletics, win so many games?

With these words Michael Lewis launches us into the funniest, smartest, and most contrarian book since, well, since Liar's Poker. Moneyball is a quest for something as elusive as the Holy Grail, something that money apparently can't buy: the secret of success in baseball. The logical places to look would be the front offices of major league teams, and the dugouts, perhaps even in the minds of the players themselves. Lewis mines all these possibilities—his intimate and original portraits of big league ballplayers are alone worth the price of admission—but the real jackpot is a cache of numbers—numbers!—collected over the years by a strange brotherhood of amateur baseball enthusiasts: software engineers, statisticians, Wall Street analysts, lawyers and physics professors.

What these geek numbers show—no, prove—is that the traditional yardsticks of success for players and teams are fatally flawed. Even the box score misleads us by ignoring the crucial importance of the humble base-on-balls. This information has been around for years, and nobody inside Major League Baseball paid it any mind. And then came Billy Beane, General Manager of the Oakland Athletics.

Billy paid attention to those numbers —with the second lowest payroll in baseball at his disposal he had to—and this book records his astonishing experiment in finding and fielding a team that nobody else wanted. Moneyball is a roller coaster ride: before the 2002 season opens, Oakland must relinquish its three most prominent (and expensive) players, is written off by just about everyone, and then comes roaring back to challenge the American League record for consecutive wins.

In a narrative full of fabulous characters and brilliant excursions into the unexpected, Michael Lewis shows us how and why the new baseball knowledge works. He also sets up a sly and hilarious morality tale: Big Money, like Goliath, is always supposed to win...how can we not cheer for David?

"A brilliantly told tale....Michael Lewis's beautiful obsession with the idea of value has once again yielded gold...Moneyball explains baseball's startling new insight; that for all our dreams of blasts to the bleachers, the sport's hidden glory lies in not getting out."—Garry Trudeau

"Anyone who cares about baseball must read it."—Newsweek

"An extraordinary job of reporting and writing."—San Jose Mercury News

"Amazing anecdotes...an entertaining, enlightening read."—Baseball America

"Ebullient, invigorating...provides plenty of action, both numerical and athletic, on the field and in the draft-day war room."—Time

"One of the most enjoyable baseball books in years."—The New York Times Book Review

"[Lewis's] descriptive writing allows Beane and the others in the lively cast of baseball characters to come alive."—Publishers Weekly

"Lewis...is playing at the top of his game....[he] has hit another one out of the park."—The New York Times, Janet Maslin

Much effort has gone into the study of financial markets and how prices vary with time. The usual approach of random walk is known to be inadequate to fully describe price dynamics. In this book, many different approaches are provided that use alternative and more adequate models. This book also examines the renewal theory in actuarial science. A simple actuarial model can be simulated well by means of this kind of stochastic process. A method dealing with the numerical solution of the renewal equation is presented. In addition, based on a theoretical model for opinion spreading on a network, through avalanches, the effect of external field is now considered, by using methods from non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Furthermore, it is evident that the 2008-US sub-prime mortgage crisis broadly affected international financial markets. The crisis's magnitude impacted on Asian financial markets has not had much attention. To fill this gap, the authors examine changes in dependence structures between the US market and Asian financial markets before and after the crisis. The effect of optimal fiscal rules within a stochastic model of Keynesian type in the context of Poole (1970) analysis is derived. The authors extend the original Poole results concerning the output stabilisation properties of monetary policy to the case of fiscal policy. Different stochastic models based on a semi-Markov chains approach are used to study the high frequency price dynamics of traded stocks. The authors show that the models are able to reproduce important stylised facts of financial time series as the persistence of volatility. Finally, a new multi-agent model of the stock market is formulated that contains four states in which the agents may be located.

Point and Figure charts are one of the great secrets of the Technical Analysis world. Highly sophisticated and with a thoroughbred pedigree, they can, however, be overlooked by traders today. Jeremy du Plessis - one of the foremost Point and Figure experts in the world - returns with a fully updated second edition of this definitive guide in an effort to redress this imbalance. This second edition, with an extensive revision to the text and introduction of brand new techniques, demystifies the world of Point and Figure charting. It includes a detailed explanation of the history and development of the technique from its invention to the modern day, and covers the makeup of the chart patterns, why they are created, and how to interpret them. Throughout, readers are encouraged to understand Point and Figure charts from first principles, rather than just remember the names of a series of patterns. It is the first major work for 50 years to discuss in depth the original 1-box reversal method of Point and Figure charting and contrast it with the more popular 3-box reversal method.Further, the explanation of how to use Point and Figure charts to project targets and calculate risk-reward ratios is the most comprehensive ever seen. Also featured in the second edition are: a step-by-step analysis of the FTSE 100 Index using the 3-box method, as well as the NASDAQ Composite Index, using the 1-box method; a detailed discussion of optimising techniques; an in-depth chapter on Analysing Point and Figure charts, extensively rewritten from the first edition; a new explanation of how Point and Figure parameters are chosen and the implications of choosing them; two new Point and Figure construction methods never seen before. Point and Figure's contribution to market breadth, with a look at bullish percent and two brand new indicators; full discussion of Point and Figure gaps and how they provide valuable information about the chart; lesser known, more advanced techniques such as the use of moving averages, parabolic SAR and Bollinger Bands on Point and Figure charts; and price and volume activity histograms and how they provide information about support and resistance.All this is illustrated with numerous colour charts and observations from years of trading experience. According to du Plessis, Point and Figure charts are the 'voice of the market'. This book helps you listen to, and understand, that voice. Part of the Market Technicians Association (MTA) required reading list.

Rodney Hobson, author of bestseller "Shares Made Simple", is back with a brand new book designed to help you build a balanced share portfolio that provides dividend income, whether you're just starting out or ready to retire. Dividends - the distribution of part of a company's earnings to shareholders, usually twice a year - can be a valuable income stream for anyone. Designed for longevity but particularly pertinent in times of low interest rates, "The Dividend Investor" is packed with real-life examples and analysis of how to gain such added income through reliable shares with healthy dividends. Topics made simple with Hobson's classic style include: ratios, yield, dividend cover, the dividend payout ratio, total return, cash flow, burn rate, gearing or leverage, interest cover, earnings per share and the price/earnings ratio. Plus the advantages and disadvantages of shareholder perks. If you're looking to make the most from your investments, then this book is for you.

Trading the financial markets is extremely difficult, but with the right approach, traders can achieve success. Nobody knows this better than authors Larry Pesavento and Leslie Jouflas, both traders and educators of traders, who have consistently used pattern recognition to capture profits from the markets. In "Trade What You See, " Pesavento and Jouflas show traders how to identify patterns as they are developing and exactly where to place entry and exit orders. While some patterns derive from the techniques of Wall Street's earliest traders and other patterns reflect Pesavento's emphasis on the geometry of market movements and Fibonacci numbers.. Filled with hard-won knowledge gained through years of market experience, "Trade What You See"outlines both a practical and sophisticated approach to trading that will be of interest to both novice and seasoned traders alike.

Larry Pesavento is a forty-year veteran trader. He operates a Web site,

This book examines the dynamic linkages among the federal budget deficit, interest rates and the stock market for the United States from 1960 to 2006. Topics discussed herein include the strategic risk assessment techniques that can be applied to investment and trading portfolios in emerging financial markets, such as in the context of the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) stock markets, as well as Africa's emerging capital markets and the financial crisis and whether the theory of periodically collapsing speculative bubbles can explain the dynamics of East Asian emerging stock market returns.

"Clive Lambert is one of the UK's leading experts in the use and application of Japanese candlestick chart analysis. I have known him for many years and have learnt to greatly respect his depth of knowledge and the objectiveness it brings to his market strategies." - Adam Sorab, Chairman, Society of Technical Analysts (STA) The aim of this book is to introduce candlestick analysis to anyone from an absolute beginner to an experienced market professional. The text is written to be simple enough for someone new to the topic, but should not exclude those with more experience. The author's aim is to change the simple viewing of a candlestick chart into a search for the answer to the perennial question: "Who's controlling the market; the Bulls or the Bears?" Candlesticks are a fantastic way of getting a clear idea of market direction, and any changes that may be taking place in price trends. In this exciting new book, Clive Lambert walks you through what candlesticks are, the major patterns and importantly, the psychology behind them, using straightforward language that will appeal to all levels of ability. Having outlined the key patterns and described the real-life application of the techniques, he then ends the book with his 10 golden rules for trading with candlesticks. This book is a no-nonsense guide to the methodology and practical usage of this ancient Japanese charting technique and essential reading for any trader, broker or market operative, regardless of their level of experience or the markets they are involved in.

A timely guide to making the best investment strategies even better

A wide variety of strategies have been identified over the years, which purportedly outperform the stock market. Some of these include buying undervalued stocks while others rely on technical analysis techniques. It's fair to say no one method is fool proof and most go through both up and down periods. The challenge for an investor is picking the right method at the right time. "The Little Book of Stock Market Profits" shows you how to achieve this elusive goal and make the most of your time in today's markets.

Written by Mitch Zacks, Senior Portfolio Manager of Zacks Investment Management, this latest title in the Little Book series reveals stock market strategies that really work and then shows you how they can be made even better. It skillfully highlights earnings-based investing strategies, the hallmark of the Zacks process, but it also identifies strategies based on valuations, seasonal patterns and price momentum.

Specifically, the book: Identifies stock market investment strategies that work, those that don't, and what it takes for an individual investor to truly succeed in today's dynamic marketDiscusses how the performance of each strategy examined can be improved by combining into them into a multifactor approachGives investors a clear path to integrating the best investment strategies of all time into their own personal portfolio

Investing can be difficult, but with the right strategies you can improve your overall performance. The Little book of Stock Market Profits will show you how.

The findings of this book are based on legal aspects of the majority of the world jurisdictions, and the majority of the existing and new introduced practices to the world stock markets including the role of international commissions, and organizations in this regards. Examination of the stock market efficiency and stability presented in the sixth and seventh chapters is built on empirical investigations, opinions surveys of stock markets experts, and state of arts of the related empirical studies, official reports, and suggested recommendations and best practices. Finally, this book is an attempt to help prevent the next stock market crisis, or to understand how to deal with, in order to shorten the period of declining, shorting the period of recovering, and to reduce the effect of irrational trading during unstable trading.

The individual investor's comprehensive guide to momentum investing Quantitative Momentum brings momentum investing out of Wall Street and into the hands of individual investors. In his last book, Quantitative Value, author Wes Gray brought systematic value strategy from the hedge funds to the masses; in this book, he does the same for momentum investing, the system that has been shown to beat the market and regularly enriches the coffers of Wall Street's most sophisticated investors. First, you'll learn what momentum investing is not: it's not 'growth' investing, nor is it an esoteric academic concept. You may have seen it used for asset allocation, but this book details the ways in which momentum stands on its own as a stock selection strategy, and gives you the expert insight you need to make it work for you. You'll dig into its behavioral psychology roots, and discover the key tactics that are bringing both institutional and individual investors flocking into the momentum fold. Systematic investment strategies always seem to look good on paper, but many fall down in practice. Momentum investing is one of the few systematic strategies with legs, withstanding the test of time and the rigor of academic investigation. This book provides invaluable guidance on constructing your own momentum strategy from the ground up. * Learn what momentum is and is not * Discover how momentum can beat the market * Take momentum beyond asset allocation into stock selection * Access the tools that ease DIY implementation The large Wall Street hedge funds tend to portray themselves as the sophisticated elite, but momentum investing allows you to 'borrow' one of their top strategies to enrich your own portfolio. Quantitative Momentum is the individual investor's guide to boosting market success with a robust momentum strategy.

Paths to Wealth through Common Stocks contains one original concept after another, each designed to greatly improve the results of those who self-manage their investments -- while helping those who rely on professional investment advice select the right advisor for their needs.
Originally written by investment legend Philip A. Fisher in 1960, this timeless classic is now reintroduced by his well-known and respected son, successful money manager Ken Fisher, in a new Foreword.
Filled with in-depth insights and expert advice, "Paths to Wealth through Common Stocks" expands upon the innovative ideas found in Fisher's highly regarded "Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits" -- summarizing how worthwhile profits have been and will continue to be made through common stock ownership, and revealing why his method can increase profits while reducing risk. Many of the ideas found here may depart from conventional investment wisdom, but the impressive results produced by these concepts -- which are still relevant in today's market environment -- will quickly remind you why Philip Fisher is considered one of the greatest investment minds of our time.

Provides a reference point for practitioners, who may need to prepare or review a valuation of shares or intangible assets, and acts as a practical guide to the more straightforward valuations which are required for tax purposes. Practical Share Valuation combines decades of the authors' practical experience in order to provide a reference guide to the valuation of unquoted shares and intangible assets as well as a practical handbook for practitioners preparing more routine valuations for tax purposes. The book highlights the relevant case law relating to valuations and also provides a handy list of additional data sources to aid the valuer in gaining access to the comparator data and latest valuation standards available. Whether you need to prepare a valuation or review work prepared by another practitioner, this book provides a wealth of easily accessible information, hints and tips to help you navigate through the potential minefield of share valuations. The seventh edition includes the following updates: - Full analysis of new legislation proposed on bringing non-resident companies with UK taxable income and gains from the disposal of UK residential property interests within the scope of corporation tax; - Guidance on new penalties in connection with offshore matters and offshore transfers (FA 2016), for inheritance tax for transfers of value on or after 1 April 2017 and for income and CGT from April 2016, in particular a new asset-based penalty for certain offshore disclosure inaccuracies and failures; - Commentary on several well-publicised litigation battles regarding failed tax avoidance schemes, such as HMRC vs Ingenious Media and HMRC vs Rangers Football Club; - Changes to the Companies Act 2006 and new reporting requirements as a result of the transition to FRS 102 and FRS 105 (effective for accounting periods on or after 1 January 2016); - Updated guidance from HMRC Shares and Assets Valuations and International Valuation Standards 2017.

Maximize profits in the single-family and multi-unit rental market . .

You probably know that small rental properties are among the safest, most affordable, and most profitable investments around. With the a little help, however, you can minimize both your investment and your costs and send your profits straight through the roof!. .

In this comprehensive handbook, real estate investing expert Steve Berges reveals the secrets that have made him one of the most successful entrepreneurs in the field." "He shows you all of the indispensable tricks of the trade, explains why they are so important, and connects them to other essential steps for super-profitable investing. Arming you with his Five Golden Rules for Success, Steve Berges also shows you how to: . . . Select a house and negotiate the best price and terms . Perform a comprehensive financial analysis to maximize value . Secure financing and prepare for your closing . Find qualified tenants and draft favorable lease agreements . Reduce operating costs, increase rents, and improve profitability . Avoid the little-known pitfalls of real estate investing . . .

With Steve Berges' expert guidance and no-nonsense advice, you can maximize your investment, minimize your time and effort, and make the most of every foray into the real estate market.. .

There are two sides to everything, except the stock market. In the stock market there is only one side--the right side. In certain market conditions, selling short can put you on the right side, but it takes real knowledge and market know-how as well as a lot of courage to assume a short position.

The mechanics of short selling are relatively simple, yet virtually no one, including most professionals, knows how to sell short correctly. In How to Make Money Selling Stocks Short, William J. O'Neil offers you the information needed to pursue an effective short selling strategy, and shows you--with detailed, annotated charts--how to make the moves that will ultimately take you in the right direction.

From learning how to set price limits to timing your short sales, the simple and timeless advice found within these pages will keep you focused on the task at hand and let you trade with the utmost confidence.

Finance Theory and Asset Pricing provides a concise guide to financial asset pricing theory for economists. Assuming a basic knowledge of graduate microeconomic theory, it explores the fundamental ideas that underlie competitive financial asset pricing models with symmetric information. Using finite dimensional techniques, this book avoids sophisticated mathematics and exploits economic theory to clarify the essential structure of recent research in asset pricing. In particular, it explores arbitrage pricing models with and without diversification, Martingale pricing methods and representative agent pricing models; discusses these ideas in two-date and multi-date models; and provides a range of examples from the literature. This second edition includes a new section dealing with more advanced multi-period models. In particular it considers discrete factor structure models that mimic recent continuous time models of interest rates, money, and nominal rates and exchange rates. Additional sections sketch extensions to real options and transaction costs.