This book has been written step wise by enumerating various aspects of the importance of clinical examination derived by laying one s hands on the affected part. By a thorough clinical examination, it can help an individual to arrive at a tentative differential diagnosis of the condition and hence help in investigating the same by numerous tests which are relevant to the given condition. The manner in which a given case is handled in this way is far more important than the diagnosis of the condition and this feature comes with practicing the same many times. It is a must for anyone embarking in life on Orthopedics as a career."

The research field of biobanks and tissue research is highly promising. Many projects around the globe are involved in the collection of human tissue and health data for research purposes. These initiatives are driven by the perspective of decisive breakthroughs in the knowledge of the genetic pathways involved in widespread diseases. However, there are considerable ethical and legal challenges to be considered as well. These challenges encompass the use of body material for research purposes, the misuse of genetic and other health data by third parties, trust in science and medicine, concerns regarding privacy, use of genetic data for forensic applications by the state and the police, and regulatory issues. This volume is divided into three parts: the inclusion of the public, the rights of donors and patients, examples and recommendations for the future of tissue research. It presents a comprehensive overview of the most important topics in the field by renowned scholars in medical ethics and biolaw.

This volume contains the papers presented at the International Symposium on Spine and Spinal Disorders in Growth and Aging held in Niigata on November 22-23, 1992. The symposium commemorates the 75th anniversary of the foundation of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine. . The purpose of the symposium was to investigate the field of spine and spinal disorders in growth and aging. Topics ranged from osteoporosis, other of the spinal column to degenerative metabolic bone diseases, and deformity spinal disorders and heterotopic ossification with resultant myelopathy. Spinal manifestations of systemic and local diseases were also included. Symptoms of spinal disorders in both the lower and upper extremity were presented and biomechanics and bone mineral measurement of the spine were also discussed. The organizing committee would like to thank the following for their sponsorship and support of this international symposium: Japan Osteoporosis Foundation, Japan-North America Medical Exchange Foundation, Japan Russia Medical Exchange Foundation, Niigata Prefectural Government, and Niigata City Government. We deeply appreciate their support and contributions to the success of the symposium. The chairman of the organizing committee is most grateful for the contributions and support of the International Advisory Committee, Dr. B.D. Burr (USA), Dr. H.M. Frost (USA), and Dr. R.R. Recker (USA); the Local Advisory Committee, Dr. S. Kono (Prof. Emeritus of Niigata University) and Dr. T. Tajima (Prof. Emeritus ofNiigata University); and the members of the organizing committee, Dr. Y. Watanabe (Yamagata University), Dr. K.

The recent rapid advances in our knowledge of immunological and virological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of viral heart disease makes it difficult for everybody working in this field to keep up with the latest developments. How ever, much of what we know is still circumstantial and only vaguely substained. Interdisciplinary understanding and cooperation thus seems necessary to get a better insight into the mechanisms by which viruses may initiate immunological organ-specific tissue injury and disease! This volume evolved out of an international symposium by the same title held on May 25. -28. , 1988 in Tegernsee, near Munich, of which a wide spectrum ofim munological, virological, diagnostical and clinical problems was covered. Both review articles and new experimental and clinical data are included in this volume to give the reader an up-to-date information about current concepts and future aspects. Chapter I serves as an excellent introduction to the epidemiology and natural history of dilated cardiomyopathy / viral heart disease. Although a definite viral etiology in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy is often difficult to establish, epidemiological and serological data incriminate a viral etiology underlying many cases of "dilated cardiomyopathy". Chapters II and III describe the current think ing on virological and immunological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of viral heart disease. Among others virus topism, virus persistance, possible mecha nisms and genetic basis of post-infection autoimmunity, and the virus-interaction with the immune system are discussed.

The management of vascular and tumorous lesions of the parasellar region still remains one of the most demanding tasks in neurosurgery. It is only a short time ago that the major concepts of the anatomy of the so-called cavernous sinus were described in detail. Surgical interventions in this region are very complex, they are time-consuming and require an extensive back ground of experience in surgery of the cranial base. Pioneer anatomical studies of the parasellar region done by Taptas, and the daring direct operative approach introduced by Parkinson pro moted the development of modern neuroradiological intervention proce dures, which were initiated by Serbinenko and further refined by Debrun, Vifiuela and others. The technique of the detachable balloon catheter stimulated surgeons to proceed with the direct operative approach to lesions of the parasellar region. Today, it is hard to imagine a successful man agement of vascular pathologies of this region without a complementary use of the two techniques."

This second revised and enlarged edition addresses current techniques concerned with the implementation of the AO/ASIF System in small animal orthopaedic surgery. Surgeons who have used the system over the years have now considerable knowledge and experience which they have made available in this text. The same individuals have designed and modified special implants which are now available to the Small Animal Orthopaedic Surgeon. Sections have been added or modified concerned with severe trauma, implant removal and a system for recording fracture type and treatment. The book will serve to inform the experienced surgeon of the current situation, and at the same time it is still a basic text for the newcomer to veterinary small animal orthopaedics in general and the AO/ASIF system in particular.

In the last decade there has been no major clinical mono- graph on this increasingly common and difficult malignancy which is a killer of young people. The gap in the literature is now filled by this authoritative volumewhich will be essential reading for any body involved in the study or management of melanoma.

Percutaneous nuclectomy according to the Onik method is an avantgarde method used to remove the intervertebral disc by percutaneous access and with closed surgery. The instrumentation and the procedure are simple. The main feature is the smaller diameter of the probe (2mm) which fragments and aspires the small chips of pulpy nucleus. It reduces the risk of discitic infections (occurring in various percentages with all methods of percutaneous discectomy) because the hole in the anulus, being small, closes spontaneously after the probe is removed. Moreover postoperative acute lumbar pain has been reported to occur less frequently. This method is carried out under local anesthesia, with radioscopic and intraoperative discographic monitoring. By consulting this atlas orthopaedists, neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists may learn this method easily, because every detail is clearly presented and illustrated with a great number of coloured pictures.

Strong body odor is a condition for which, until now, there have been few treatment methods. The Japanese authors, encouraged by the willingness of Oriental patients to undergo radical treatment, have developed the subcutaneous tissue shaving method, which eliminates the condition in a very short period of time without ugly scarring. The book Human Body Odor not only introduces the completely new subcutaneous tissue shaving method, it also questions conventional theories on the hair cycle itself and throws a new hypothesis about the process of hair generation and regeneration into the scientific arena. This could even lead in the future to a formula for retarding hair loss! Developed over the past twenty years, the authors' new surgical method for the radical treatment of bromidrosis represents a landmark in cosmetic surgery and dermatology!

****VERKAUFSKATEGORIE*** 0 e

This book is designed to provide the busy ophthal inftammation, lacrimal gland tumors and inftamma mologist with a practieal guide to the management tion, lacrimal sac tumors and inftammation, and of lid and ocular adnexal disease. The book encom lid tumors and inftammations. passes more than tumors simply because other in This book provides the ophthalmologist with a ftammatory conditions may mimic tumors in their step-by-step approach to patients with lid and orbital presentation and vice versa. It is not meant to be tumors and inftammations. an encyclopedie, definitive work on a single subject, organized around individual disease entities; instead Acknowledgments it approaches the patient much as clinician does. It concentrates on the patient and considers various disease processes logieally. Work -up, differential We wish to thank all the referring doctors who diagnosis, and initial treatment are discussed. have allowed us to treat their patients with orbital When any patient presents with an orbital or an and ocular adnexal disease and without whom a ocular adnexal mass, the question that needs to be book of this type would have been impossible. We answered is whether the process is due to inftamma also would like to give special thanks to our teachers, Dr. Lorenz E. Zimmerman and Dr. Byron Smith."

The inadequate supply of organs in the United States and other countries continues to drive the reliance on living donor transplantation. In 2000, representatives of the transplant community convened for a meeting on living donation in an effort to provide guidelines to promote the welfare of living donors. The consensus statement that resulted from this meeting recommended that transplant centers retain an Independent Living Donor Advocate (ILDA) to focus on the best interest of the donor. A decade later, nearly every transplant center in the United States, performing living donor surgeries, has incorporated an ILDA into their living donor screening and/or evaluation process Living Donor Advocate provides an overview of living donation and its risks, ethical challenges and future developments , as well as details about the role a Living Donor Advocate plays in the transplantation process. This book will interest health professionals across various disciplines and patients undergoing transplantation or living donor surgery.

These proceedings from the Xth Congress of the European Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery in Stockholm reflect the growing interest in these fields of neurosurgery. It is the most extensive volume in this series of publications and it contains a large number of original articles pertaining to the most recent advances in stereotactic and functional neurosurgery. Not long ago stereotactic neurosurgery was considered an esoteric sub speciality practised only by those involved in treating movement disorders and pain. In the last decade we have witnessed the incorporation of stereotactic methodology in the management of common neurosurgical diseases, and the stereotactic technique is now practised in all major neurosurgical centers. As with other surgical techniques and tools, however, the utilization of stereotactic methods requires special knowledge and training. This book comprises articles which give insight into new stereotactic applications and technology. For example, the usage of stereotaxis without a frame and the so-called navigator systems in open tumor surgery is dealt with in two papers. The introduction and development of radiosurgery is closely linked to the advancement of stereotactic technique. Radiosurgical treatment of tumors and cerebrovascular diseases has been one of major achievements in modern neurosurgery. This publication contains several original reports illustrating the efficacy of radiosurgery in problematic neurosurgical diseases.

- Unlike previous atlases that deal with overall surgical techniques, this book goes into greater detail and focuses on individual cases.

- Lavishally illustrated with 534 illustrations, 133 of which are in color.

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P. Bedeschi ture-dislocations, and Monteggia lesions. This is the second volume in the mono- graphic series Current Coneepts in Orthopae- Each chapter is interesting because it re- die Surgery, published with customary distin- flects an important personal experience and ction by Aulo Gaggi, under the direction of contains an honest critical evaluation of the the Institute of Clinical Orthopaedics and results. Traumatology of the U niversity of Modena. The two following chapters give an upda- The subject of this text, "Traumatic lesions ted analysis of the neural and vascular com- of the elbow", is very current and we believe it plications of elbow trauma from a pathogene- worthy of more attention than it has received tic, clinical, and therapeutic standpoint. in re cent years. The next chapter is an update on nonu- The text begins with a chapter on the phy- nions of the elbow with special reference to siopathology of the elbow, which is important therapeutic problems. because of some interesting links between The difficulty of long-term evaluation of trauma and functional damage as weil as bet- treatment of radial head fractures is examined ween some traumatic lesions and consequent in two interesting chapters that describe the treatment. long-term results of radial head resection and Next are two important chapters on over- prosthetic replacement.

During recent years, major advances in surgical techniques, diagnostic methods, anesthesia and adjunctive treatment in the care of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage have been achieved. Nevertheless, the overall outcome of patients with SAH cannot be regarded as satisfactory. The first part of the book concentrates on the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying vasospasm and edema, the principal causes of poor outcome. Recent progress in the field of membrane lipid metabolism has allowed the problem to be approached from an entirely new perspective. The possible participation of free radicals, membrane lipids and eicosanoids is thoroughly discussed. The second part features the problems of practical management of SAH patients. Timing and indication of surgery of aneurysms and the surgical techniques are described in detail.

Neurological applications of PET include using itto identify Alzheimer's Disease, including differentiating between other forms of Dementia, to show causes of seizures that were otherwise unclear, and to diagnose psychiatric disorders like Schizophrenia. Although other books on PET may have a chapter or section on neurological applications, this is the only comprehensive and up-to-date book on neurological PET. It reviews PET in neuroscience with particular emphasis on findings that indicate its potential for improving diagnosis and treatment in neurology and psychiatry. Improving the transfer of the huge scientific developments in brain PET into clinical carewill produce tangible human benefit. To this end, "NeuroPET" focuses on practical and potentially clinically relevant issues and identify solid ground as well as open questions. In addition, the book includes major chapters on the methodological background, including tracer physiology and kinetic modeling, and a comprehensive literature review."

How to face 'the faces' of cardiac pacing represents an editor's compiled selection of lectures on cardiac pacing and electrophysiology. Electrical stimulation of the heart is an ever-changing and, at times, explosive field. The number of implanting centres is growing tremendously and pacing is not exclusively confined to arrhythmologists. Therefore, the editors attempted to organize a course being both practical in daily clinical management and instructive in understanding technical concepts. The glossary of terms have to be clearly understood before one is able to interpret the complex electrocardiograms of DDD and especially DDDR pacemakers. Those electrocardiograms have to be approached in a system atic way, using a step-by-step analysis. The main clinical symptom requiring pacemaker implantation is syncope. It cannot be over-emphasized that syncope is a clinical diagnosis merely based on history and physical examination. The organization of a pacemaker follow-up clinic depends on local facilities and needs. The effectiveness of pacing controls markedly increases when using a systematic approach. Repeated optimal adjustment of pro grammable functions is part of the control. Antiarrhythmic drugs are loosing popularity in the treatment of tachy arrhythmias. Nonpharmacologic treatment (antitachypacing, implantable defi brillators and antiarrhythmic surgery) at the present time have definite indications, probably expanding in the future. When complexity in electronic devices increases, repercussions on ex penses, either by the government or social and private insurances, needs consideration."

Management of Musculoskeletal Injuries in the Trauma Patient summarizes the most current concepts and clinical practices for the management of the patient with musculoskeletal traumatic injuries. The text covers optimal time frames for stabilization of orthopedic injuries and strategies to mitigate systemic injury while minimizing damage due to pelvic, spine and long bone trauma. The volume covers the gamut of traumatic axial and extremity injuries, including cervico-lumbar-thoracic spine injuries, spinal cord injuries, long bone fractures with special emphasis on the femoral shaft, pelvic and acetabular injuries, open fractures, mangled extremities, upper extremity injuries, combination and severe soft tissues injuries and periarticular fractures. These are discussed in the context of isolated injury and combined with orthopedic injuries of the brain, abdomen, chest and other musculoskeletal injuries. Written by internationally recognized experts, Management of Musculoskeletal Injuries in the Trauma Patient is a valuable resource for orthopedic surgeons.

This book - the first multicenter book on orthotopic liver transplantatio- reflects the progress in this field. The first 'experience in hepatic transplantation' was documented in 1969 by Starzl and his group in Denver in the classic of the same name. It was followed in 1983 by 'Liver transplantation', edited by Caine, in which the experience of the Cambridge-King's College Hospital team was laid down. Apart from these the book of Lie and Giitgemann appeared in 1974. These books are fundamental for all who want to become involved with experimental and clinical liver transplantation. Developments in liver transplantation are fast (faster than the production of this book) and new knowledge now not only is coming from the pioneer centers but also from their off-spring, scattered over the world. In only a few years there has been an enormous increase in the number of liver transplantations and certainly there have been performed at least as many transplants since 1980 as between 1963 -the start of clinical liver transplantation- and 1980. Even if our understanding is better, many problems are the same as twenty years ago and for some there may be a long way to go before they are solved.

For the first time a complete review of the research work done over the past 30 years by leading investigators around the world in targeting immunosuppressants to both solid-organ and cellular transplants is available in a single volume. One section consists of studies conducted in rat allograft models using osmotic minipumps for delivery of a variety of immunosuppressants. The book will be of great benefit to researchers in the fields of transplant immunology, pharmacology and drug delivery and targeting, particularly those involved in drug development.

Surgical management of joint problems has progressed drama tically in the past few years. Clearer understanding of the patho genesis of joint disorders and recent additions to our knowledge of joint mechanics have mage formerly unimagined procedures possible. Moreover, tremendous advancement in implant tech nology offers us a wider variety of surgical procedures and a better chance of obtaining satisfactory results. At the same time, alternative bone-preserving procedures, such as osteotomy, in the weight-bearing joints are still of great significance in selected cases. In this context, it is clear that international collaboration and coordination of scientific endeavours is crucial. Over the last decade, thanks to the great assistance given by contributors to this book, we have tried to coordinate our endeavors on the interna tional level without being restricted to our own societies. There fore, it was fitting that the symposium was held in an effort to bring together experts in the field of joint surgery to share their specialized knowledge. We hoped that the free interchange of ideas would bring about an updated understanding and provide knowledge essential to the treatment of joint disease. KAzuSHI HIROHATA Table of Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Part 1. Recent Advances and Problems in Total Joint Replacement Biomechanics of Endoprostheses of the Hip and Adaptive Reactions of the Bone B. KUMMER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Management of Femoral Bone Stock Deficiency in Total Hip Replacement H. P. CHANDLER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . Bone Grafting of Acetabular Deficiencies in Total Hip Replacement A. H. WILDE, B. N. STULBERG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ."

In Japan, cadaveric donor liver transplantation is not common even though cadaveric organ transplantation was legally established in 1998. In contrast, the number of living donor liver transplantations is increasing, with more than 1700 cases at 43 Japanese institutes by November 2001. Indications for and have become living donor liver transplantation are widening in Japan similar to those for cadaveric donor liver transplantation in the United States and Europe. At the same time, split liver transplantation from cadaveric donors shares some technical aspects with living donor liver transplantation. Remarkable progress has been reported recently, and thus it was an auspicious time to hold a symposium on "Current issues in liver/small bowel transplantation" in Japan. We were honored to hold a very fruitful symposium sponsored by the Keio University Medical Science Fund and to bring together top-rank transplant surgeons from Japan and other countries. It was a productive and rewarding time for all participants. We were able to share our experience through excellent presentations followed by active discussions and insightful com ments. At the symposium, we focused on current issues in liver transplanta tion such as widening indications for viral hepatitis and malignant tumors. We also discussed technical aspects and physiological problems in split/iiving donor liver transplant, novel strategies in immunosuppression, and the current status and future prospects in small bowel transplantation. This book contains the papers from all the distinguished guest speakers, focusing on the topics discussed at the symposium."

It is estimated that the functionally significant body of knowledge for a given medical specialty changes radically every 8 years. New specialties and "sub-specialization" are occurring at approximately an equal rate. Historically, established journals have not been able either to absorb this increase in publishable material or to extend their readership to the new specialists. International and national meetings, symposia and seminars, workshops, and newsletters suc cessfully bring to the attention of physicians within developing spe cialties what is occurring, but generally only in demonstration form without providing historical perspective, pathoanatomical corre lates, or extensive discussion. Page and time limitations oblige the authors to present only the essence of their material. Pediatric neurosurgery is an example of a specialty that has de veloped during the past 15 years. Over this period neurosurgeons have obtained special training in pediatric neurosurgery and then dedicated themselves primarily to its practice. Centers, Chairs, and educational programs have been established as groups of neuro surgeons in different countries throughout the world organized themselves respectively into national and international societies for pediatric neurosurgery. These events were both preceded and fol lowed by specialized courses, national and international journals, and ever-increasing clinical and investigative studies into all aspects of surgically treatable diseases of the child's nervous system.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) represent an opportunity to treat pancreatic tumors before they develop into aggressive, hard-to-treat cancers. Beginning with morphological classification and its clinical significance, natural history, and malignant change of both main duct and branch duct IPMNs, this book covers the whole field of IPMNs of the pancreas. It reviews the various methods of investigation: imaging, diagnostic investigation of cyst fluid, and those using pancreatic juice; and also examines aspects ranging from the development of malignancy to the timing and method of resection, focusing on both main duct and branch duct IPMNs.

Aimed at residents, clinical fellows, and pancreatologists who treat patients with this common disease of the pancreas, this book is a landmark in the current understanding and future perspectives of IPMNs of the pancreas.

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