This thesis focuses on a novel radio-guided surgery technique for complete tumor resections. It describes all aspects of the intraoperative probe, as well as testing and simulation of the novel technique. The presentation develops the technique from the initial idea to realistic feasibility studies that have been the subject of a press release of the American Society of Nuclear Medicine. Just a year after completing this work, the technique has now been tested for the first time on a meningioma patient, confirming all of the predictions made in this thesis.

This volume provides the most comprehensive coverage of clinical management of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer available. Authored by leaders in the field, the book focuses on current clinical management of this disease stage, the importance of multimodality treatment algorithms, and an interdisciplinary approach to care. Surgical chapters are well-illustrated to provide surgeons and surgical trainees with important technical pearls. Clinical trials and trial design are also discussed. Multimodality Management of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer is a valuable resource for gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, surgical oncologists, general surgeons, and trainees interested in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

This book aims to provide an up-to-date review of the literature in each of the major areas relating to the management of older lung cancer patients, and makes recommendations for best practice and future research. The authors come from a broad geographic spread including the UK, mainland Europe and North America to ensure a worldwide relevance.

Covers all aspects of gastrointestinal and liver malignancies (epidemiology, pathophysiology, screening where appropriate, symptoms and clinical signs, diagnostic studies, staging and classification, treatment, prognosis, follow-up, future perspectives). The text is addressed to those involved in the multidisciplinary approach to the gastrointestinal cancer patient (gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, radiation therapists, surgeons, interventional radiologists, pathologists, nurses, and physicians-in-training). The book provides in-depth information, illustrated by numerous color/black-and-white pictures. Selective reading for a quick reference is made possible by introducing text elements such as summaries, tables, listing and treatment algorithms.

Oncoplastic breast cancer surgery is one of the fastest-growing domains in breast surgery. This approach is continuing to gain practice acceptance due to increased emphasis on both optimum cosmetic outcome and maintenance of a sound oncologic basis. This book summarizes the basic principles and techniques using evidence-based data. Patient images and comprehensive drawings complete this practical guide for surgeons who treat diseases of the breast.

This book provides a unique and comprehensive overview of minimally invasive (MI) surgical options for the treatment of pancreatic diseases. The opening chapters present the state of the art of MI pancreatic resection according to the 2016 IHPBA Conference, offer information on the safe dissemination of MI pancreatic surgical techniques, and discuss preoperative evaluations protocols and surgical planning options. The book subsequently investigates the full range of currently available minimally invasive techniques, which includes: biliary and gastric bypass, ampullectomy, central and distal pancreatectomy, laparoscopic and robotic pancreatoduodenectomy, and robotic pancreas transplantation. Combining the acknowledged expertise of the Italian school in pancreatic surgery and the contributions of many leading international experts, the book offers a valuable guide for all surgeons who perform this complex surgery, as well as for residents and fellows-in-training.

New research has shown that neuroendocrine tumors are more common than previously thought. Progress in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these not-so-rare cancers has resulted in renewed interest in developinginnovative therapeutic options. In particular, novel molecular targeted agents have been shown to have significant anti-tumor activity, and integration of these therapies has led to critical advances in management.

In this volume, an outstanding group of the world s leaders in the field have assembled to convey their knowledge of the epidemiology, biology, and management of allthemajor types of neuroendocrine tumors. The book takes a multi-modality approach to understanding disease processes and therapeutics, including chapters on medical and surgical treatment as well as a chapter devoted to imaging. Throughout, the authors emphasize recent advances in our understanding of molecular biology and the subsequent emerging therapeutic options.

This book aims to equip readers with a better understanding of neuroendocrine tumors of the abdomen and explains how to manage them optimally by making use of novel therapeutic options that represent major advances on previous treatments. The most recent advances in epidemiology, genetics, molecular biology, biomarkers, pathology, diagnostics, clinical assessment, medical therapy, and surgical treatment are presented. The information and data provided will stimulate readers to develop their personal opinions on significant issues and assist in decision making in individual patients during routine clinical practice. The book features a multidisciplinary approach and is designed to meet the needs of all physicians seeking comprehensive guidance from experts on the management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. It will also be of value for researchers wishing to acquaint themselves with the state of the art in the field and emerging research avenues. Abdominal Neuroendocrine Tumors is published in Springer's highly successful Updates in Surgery series, which now comprises more than 20 titles.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) represent an opportunity to treat pancreatic tumors before they develop into aggressive, hard-to-treat cancers. Beginning with morphological classification and its clinical significance, natural history, and malignant change of both main duct and branch duct IPMNs, this book covers the whole field of IPMNs of the pancreas. It reviews the various methods of investigation: imaging, diagnostic investigation of cyst fluid, and those using pancreatic juice; and also examines aspects ranging from the development of malignancy to the timing and method of resection, focusing on both main duct and branch duct IPMNs.

Aimed at residents, clinical fellows, and pancreatologists who treat patients with this common disease of the pancreas, this book is a landmark in the current understanding and future perspectives of IPMNs of the pancreas.

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While many comprehensive texts have been written on the treatment of breast cancer, the most common cancer among women, there are relatively few which cover in depth the prevention and early detection of the disease. The goal of this work is to present what experts in the ?eld feel is the current knowledge and future direction of breast cancer prevention and early detection. We begin Part I of the book with a review of risk factors, both genetic and environmental. We next review progress in the use of chemoprevention. Notably, chemoprevention risk reduction studies have led to FDA approval of two medications which measurably reduce disease incidence among women at increased risk, although with some risk of treatment related side effects. Newer agents in the pipeline, which may also reduce risk among normal risk women, are also discussed. Surgical risk reducing strategies complete the section on prevention, including both the bene?ts and downsides to this more aggressive approach. Even with aggressive prevention strategies, some women will develop breast cancer. For these women, early detection is critical to minimize disease spread and maximize long term survival. Part II of this book reviews current and upcoming approaches to early detection. Imaging strategies, including mammography, breast ultrasound, MRI, and PET imaging are reviewed. The potential for molecular tumor targeting to detect disease prior to the formation of a mass visible by anatomic imaging is presented.

Pelvic Cancer Surgery: Modern Breakthroughs and Future Advances brings together the three main pelvic specialties (Urology, Gynecological Oncology and Colorectal Surgery) into one volume. Patients have been shown to benefit from a multidisciplinary approach since it allows surgeons of different specialties to learn from one another therefore enhancing the treatment for the patient. Pelvic cancer outcomes are poor in low volume centres. These centres account for 80% of the global centres dealing with these cancers. Pelvic Cancer Surgery: Modern Breakthroughs and Future Advances is a much needed book that can focus training and assist health professionals in their care of patients with pelvic dysfunction. Pelvic Cancer Surgery: Modern Breakthroughs and Future Advance is complete with full color illustrations and schematic diagrams and makes use of key points and stepwise figures for an enhanced learning experience.

This Recent Results in Cancer Research volume provides an up-to-date overview of the multidisciplinary management of locally confined rectal cancer as well as colorectal cancer with synchronous resectable liver metastases. The contents comprise the majority of the invited contributions from the Second St. Gallen EORTC Gastrointestinal Cancer Conference, held on 6-8 March 2014 in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Written by some of the world s leading experts in the imaging, endoscopy, pathology, molecular biology, surgery, radiotherapy and medical oncology of rectal cancer and liver metastases, the chapters offer a comprehensive view on the latest recommendations in diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment. Every clinician involved in the care of patients with rectal cancer will find this book interesting and helpful."

General Principles of Tumor Immunotherapy: Basic and Clinical Applications of Tumor Immunology brings together the world's leading authorities on tumor immunology. This book describes the basic immunology principles that form the foundation of understanding how the immune system recognizes and rejects tumor cells. The role of the innate and adaptive immune responses is discussed and the implications of these responses for the design of clinical strategies to combat cancer are illustrated through both experimental clinical trials and review of current standard of care therapeutic agents. This information will be invaluable to both students of immunology and cancer research and practicing physicians who have patients with cancer. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the field, demonstrates how advances in basic immunology can and are being applied to cancer, and describes the current status of approved immunotherapy regimens.

Oncological surgeons are often requested in their clinical practice to identify and manage uncommon and complex situations. It is therefore of the utmost importance that they are well aware of the most recent technological evolutions, in order to achieve the best possible results in term of oncological outcome, with a concern on quality of life and economical issues. Furthermore, new techniques can give a fundamental contribution in overcoming the limitations of standard approaches.

An essential aim of this book is to underline the great importance and the need of an effective coordination of multi-disciplinary care among surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation therapists, plastic surgeons and ancillary services, in order to optimise patient outcome.

Malignant neoplasms occurring in the biliary tract and pancreas remain a therap- tic challenge. The mechanism of carcinogenesis as well as the growth and spread of these tumors is still poorly understood, making the development of rational tre- ment strategies difficult. In order to improve the clinical results achieved by sur- cal or other medical treatment of such malignant tumors, the establishment of an experimental animal model is critical. For this purpose, attempts were made to induce carcinoma experimentally in the biliary tree and finally an animal model using the hamster was established in 1994 at our laboratory. Because the tumor in this model mimicked the characteristics of human tumors, a series of experimental investigations were conducted to clarify the pathological characteristics of biliary carcinoma, the genetic alterations during biliary carcinogenesis, and the relationship between biliary inflammation and c- cinogenesis. The chemopreventive effects on the occurrence of biliary carcinoma were also successfully examined. In addition, in vitro studies led to the establi- ment of transplantable biliary cancer cell lines and biliary epithelial cell lines by utilizing the hamster model. This monograph represents the collective efforts in hepato-biliary and pancreatic disease research over the past 20 years. I hope that this monograph will be a source of useful knowledge for basic researchers as well as for clinicians involved in the care of patients with hepato-biliary and pancreatic neoplasms. Takashi Kanematsu, M.D., Ph.D.

Rectal Cancer: International Perspectives on Multimodality Management is a timely analysis of the diagnosis, staging, pathology, and therapy of cancer of the rectum. This book is intended as a useful resource for physicians, scientists, medical students, and allied health personnel in the disciplines of radiology, gastroenterology, surgical oncology, medical onc- ogy, radiation oncology, and pathology. Renowned contributors from different medical d- ciplines have written their chapters in a thoughtful, provocative, and visual fashion. Importantly, these chapters highlight the controversies in the diagnostic, staging, and the- peutic management of patients with rectal cancer while providing practical management recommendations. This book is divided into 18 chapters. Early chapters address the diagnosis and staging of rectal cancer, highlighting the critical role of contemporary imaging in guiding treatment. The remaining chapters focus on the multimodality management of rectal cancer from the vantage points of surgery, pathology, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The major dev- opments in surgery are reviewed first, including contemporary roles of local excision, total mesorectal excision, lateral pelvic lymph node dissection, organ preservation approaches, as well as the management of advanced, recurrent, and metastatic disease. Following is a ch- ter describing the pathologic evaluation of rectal cancer specimens, with emphasis on proper methodology and its clinical relevance to overall disease management. The final chapters review the contemporary roles of chemotherapy (including with radiation therapy, adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings without radiation therapy, as well as in metastatic disease) as well as radiation therapy (including adjuvant and neoadjuvant approaches, short vs.

Electroporation is the forefront in tumor ablation. This book presents the basic principles and clinical applications of electroporation, including the latest research results and patient data. A comprehensive approach to the basic science behind the development of this ground-breaking technique and its introduction into clinical practice, the book discusses the entire spectrum of currently available reversible treatments, the emerging irreversible applications, and their impact on patient care. Clinical Aspects of Electroporation is the first book intended for clinicians on this extremely important and rapidly developing field.

It has become clear that tumors arise from excessive cell proliferation and a c- responding reduction in cell death. Tumors result from the successive accumulation of mutations in key regulatory target genes over time. During the 1980s, a number of oncogenes were characterized, whereas from the 1990s to the present, the emphasis shifted to tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). It has become clear that oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes function in the same pathways, providing positive and ne- tive growth regulatory activities. The signaling pathways controlled by these genes involve virtually every process in cell biology, including nuclear events, cell cycle, cell death, cytoskeletal, cell membrane, angiogenesis, and cell adhesion effects. Tumor suppressor genes are mutated in hereditary cancer syndromes, as well as somatically in nonhereditary cancers. In their normal state, TSGs control cancer development and p- gression, as well as contribute to the sensitivity of cancers to a variety of therapeutics. Understanding the classes of TSGs, the biochemical pathways they function in, and how they are regulated provides an essential lesson in cancer biology. We cannot hope to advance our current knowledge and to develop new and more effective therapies without understanding the relevant pathways and how they influence the present approaches to therapy. Moreover, it is important to be able to access the powerful tools now available to discover these genes, as well as their links to cell biology and growth control.

This book provides detailed, comprehensive and illustrative content to the surgical community in the areas of foregut oncologic surgery. The text contains an in depth review of all surgical aspects of oncologic diseases involving the stomach and esophagus. The main focus is on the minimally invasive techniques including potential complications and their management. The text also includes an online link for the videos for all minimally invasive foregut surgical procedures including animation content which provide a more comprehensive learning experience. Minimally Invasive Foregut Surgery for Malignancy: Principles and Practice is structured in a way that makes it useful at every level of training and will be of great utility to practicing surgeons, fellows in surgical subspecialty training and surgical residents.

Non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (also known as mini-transplantation or reduced-intensity conditioning transplantation) is a major advance in the field of hematopoietic transplantation within the last 5 years. This approach uses non-cytotoxic or reduced-intensity cytotoxic therapy to prepare patients for allografting of hematopoietic stem cells and lymphocytes. It has the potential to deliver the potent anti-tumor immunotherapy and bone marrow replacement capacity of allogeneic stem cell transplantation to patients with reduced treatment-related morbidity and mortality. It may also enable allogeneic transplantation in patients who would be considered ineligible for conventional transplants because of co-morbidity or advanced age. However, this approach may necessitate more careful monitoring of post-transplant chimerism and malignant disease-status than is usual with conventional allografting. There is also controversy regarding the best preparative regimen and graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis to use.

Targeted intraoperative radiotherapy is a major advance in the management of cancer patients and has been attracting massive interest worldwide following publication of the results of an important randomized controlled trial in The Lancet. This textbook is designed to introduce this innovative technology in a comprehensive manner to clinicians dealing with cancer patients. Throughout, the emphasis is on practical aspects, and the text is supported by many excellent illustrations. The editors of the book have extensive experience in targeted intraoperative radiotherapy and include co-directors of the TARGIT Academy, which runs international training courses on the technology in the United Kingdom and Germany. They have brought together multidisciplinary contributors from different centers across the world who have wide experience in the field and whose work has been recognized internationally. It is the editors' hope that this book will succeed in ensuring that targeted intraoperative radiotherapy is used effectively worldwide.

This book serves a snapshot of the current knowledge base in field. As human papillomavirus (HPV) causes a rising number of oropharyngeal cancers, understanding the biological, clinical and social implications of this infection has become increasingly important for head and neck practitioners. This book reflects the multidisciplinary nature of the scientific and clinical questions involved in this disease. Experts in epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer present in-depth reviews which will help to improve the reader's understanding of this topic. The authors provide insight for answers of common patient and provider questions about HPV infection and related disease, and highlight remaining questions to be answered in the coming years.

Modern Management of Cancer of the Rectum is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of all aspects of rectal neoplasms. It addresses epidemiology, biology, screening and chemoprevention, the role of imaging in diagnosis, staging and prognosis, radiation therapy, medical and surgical treatment, as well as new modalities of therapy, including laparoscopy, and transanal endoscopic surgery. A greater understanding of prognostic factors, patterns of spread and natural history has occurred during the past decade; together with new diagnostic modalities this has led to significant changes in the management of patients with rectal cancer. This book will be invaluable for all those who treat rectal cancer.

The purpose of this book is twofold: First, it provides an up-to-date overview of the field of surgical oncology for surgeons in training. Particular attention is devoted to the principles of surgery, but important aspects of radiation and medical oncology are also discussed. Furthermore, diagnostic, staging, and treatment algorithms are presented that will offer invaluable assistance in management decision making. The second aim of the book is to offer a comprehensive reference source on the role of surgery in curative and palliative management for medical and radiation oncologists (in practice and in training) and other healthcare professionals involved in the care of cancer patients. The full range of cancer types is covered in a practical, multidisciplinary approach, and additional chapters are devoted to pediatric malignancies, the role of new surgical technologies, and surgical emergencies. "