This book provides a thorough background to the emerging field of medical robotics. It covers the mathematics needed to understand the use of robotic devices in medicine, including but not limited to robot kinematics, hand-eye and robot-world calibration, reconstruction, registration, motion planning, motion prediction, motion correlation, motion replication and motion learning. Additionally, basic methods behind state-of-the art robots like the DaVinci system, the CyberKnife, motorized C-arms and operating microscopes as well as stereotactic frames are presented. The book is a text book for undergraduates in computer science and engineering. The main idea of the book is to motivate the methods in robotics in medical applications rather than industrial applications. The book then follows the standard path for a robotics textbook. It is thus suitable for a first course in robotics for undergraduates. It is the first textbook on medical robotics.

Single-access laparoscopic surgery (SALS), performed using a single transumbilical access, has recently proved to bring advantages over other forms of laparoscopic surgery due to the reduction in the number of incisions and the consequent decrease in morbidity, less blood loss and postoperative pain. Furthermore, cosmesis may be improved because incision within the umbilicus renders surgery virtually scarless. Nevertheless, as with all new surgical concepts, questions may be raised regarding safety, usefulness and appropriateness. This book analyzes the use of SALS for different indications and abdominal surgical procedures based on a careful literature review of the experience of the most important surgical teams employing this approach and also the authors' personal observations. The coverage is broad, encompassing, for example, the role of SALS in appendectomy, repair of abdominal wall defects, cholecystectomy, gastric surgery, nephrectomy, splenectomy, hemicolectomy and pancreatic, liver and gynecological surgery.

This third edition expands upon the role of anticoagulants in clinical practice. In addition, it summarizes new developments in the field and provides evidence-based guidelines for the use of anticoagulants in routine day-to-day practice. The Handbook of Thromboprophylaxis Third Edition is a key resource for all physicians with an interest in thromboprophylaxis.

An easily comprehensible and practicable framework for standardised histopathology reports in surgical cancer. The pathological features of the common carcinomas are detailed and non-carcinomatous malignancies are also summarised. 7th edition TNM and WHO classifications of cancers are incorporated, with comments on any associated pathology, diagnostic clues and prognostic criteria supplemented visually by line diagrams. Each chapter's introduction gives epidemiological, clinical, investigative and treatment summary details. Other pathology includes updated immunophenotypic expression and molecular techniques. The impact of these ancillary investigations on diagnosis, and as biomarkers of prognosis and prediction of response to treatment is summarised, as is the effect of adjuvant treatments on cancers. Experience based clues are given throughout as aids to tumour typing, grading, staging, and gauging prognosis and response to treatment. Histopathology Reporting: Guidelines for Surgical Cancer, Third Edition is invaluable for trainee and consultant diagnostic histopathologists all over the world, equipping the reader to produce high quality, clinically appropriate histopathology reports, and to participate in contemporary multidisciplinary team management of patients with surgical cancer.

The purpose of this book is twofold: First, it provides an up-to-date overview of the field of surgical oncology for surgeons in training. Particular attention is devoted to the principles of surgery, but important aspects of radiation and medical oncology are also discussed. Furthermore, diagnostic, staging, and treatment algorithms are presented that will offer invaluable assistance in management decision making. The second aim of the book is to offer a comprehensive reference source on the role of surgery in curative and palliative management for medical and radiation oncologists (in practice and in training) and other healthcare professionals involved in the care of cancer patients. The full range of cancer types is covered in a practical, multidisciplinary approach, and additional chapters are devoted to pediatric malignancies, the role of new surgical technologies, and surgical emergencies.

This acclaimed text continues to focus on the essential techniques for effective surgical management of patients with ovarian cancer and related peritoneal surface malignancies. With a wealth of accompanying illustrations and operative videos; this fourth edition reflects the evolution - and controversies - in the use of minimally invasive and robotic surgery and the introduction of HIPEC treatment options.

This book provides an up-to-date review of current management techniques for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. It addresses all of the latest issues that have been raised by the discovery of oncogenic drivers and the improvement of diagnosis and therapeutic methods, including new radiotherapy techniques and anticancer strategies like immunotherapy. New strategies for patients with molecular alterations and the management of particular types of cases are also highlighted. Written by recognized experts in their field, the book represents a unique and valuable resource in the field of lung cancer, both for those currently in training and for those already in clinical or research practice.

This monograph summarizes state of the art knowledge regarding peritoneal surface malignancies, with in-depth description of treatment options and the results achieved to date. It explores the most challenging problems on the basis of the authors’ very extensive clinical experience and examines the most relevant clinical trials. A comprehensive summary is provided of all phase 2 studies (the only available completed studies) and of ongoing and future phase 3 studies. Particular attention is paid to the results of integrated treatment comprising cytoreduction (peritonectomy) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Helpful background information is also included on the definition and clinical assessment of each clinical form. The book, drawing on data from the entire Italian experience as well as world literature, will be an outstanding benchmark for health professionals and researchers.

This book describes the current applications of the robotic system in general surgery, focusing on the technical aspects of the procedures most commonly performed by this means. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in robotic surgery and presents the most recently available evidence as documented in the literature. The opening chapters review robotic platforms, discuss the general advantages, limitations, and strategies of robotic surgery, and identify challenges and critical elements when setting up a robotic program. The full range of applications of the robotic system is then covered, encompassing thoracic, esophageal, gastric, hepatobiliopancreatic, splenic, colorectal, endocrine, and transplantation surgery. Detailed attention is also paid to innovative applications and future trends in the robotic platform, with inclusion of a special chapter on fluorescence imaging during robotic procedures. The book closes by considering aspects related to credentialing and privileging, such as mentoring, proctoring, and teaching modules for residents and fellows. Against the background of increasing acceptance of the robotic surgery system across the globe, this book will be invaluable for all general surgeons. There is no doubt that within general surgery the system will continue to flourish on account of its undoubted technical advantages, which minimize most of the intrinsic shortcomings of laparoscopy.

This volume reviews the evolution of information regarding the epidemiology of DCIS and its modes of detection, as well as treatment options as a function of both clinical trial data and ongoing investigational therapeutic prospects. Several of the challenging and clinically-relevant scenarios of DCIS that appear in daily practice is discussed, including the difficulties of distinguishing "true" DCIS from borderline patterns of other breast diseases and the therapeutic implications of differentiating these various diagnoses. Particular attention is paid to pathologic evaluation of DCIS, including histologic patterns and the importance of margin evaluation/margin control. The text also explores the data regarding DCIS in medical research in hereditary susceptibility for breast cancer and race/ethnicity-associated disparities in breast cancer. Written by experts in the field, Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Microinvasive/Borderline Breast Cancer is a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of the field, and serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in breast cancer.

This book pursues a multidisciplinary approach, presenting chapters with updated information on various aspects of treatment for patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Authors have been selected from expert centers in Europe and the United States. The goal of this book is to comprehensively summarize recent data and provide inspiring ideas to optimize the care of patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Neuroendocrine tumors are fascinating multifaceted diseases that can primarily localize in many organs with various presentations. These tumors are rare but their increasing incidence renders likely that physicians caring for cancers may have either already faced or may be certainly exposed to diagnose and/or treat a patient with neuroendocrine tumors. Over the last years, novel therapeutic options have emerged for neuroendocrine tumors, profoundly challenging practices that had previously been the standards for decades. These include - but are not limited to - somatostatin analogues, targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase and mTOR inhibitors, antiangiogenic compounds, but also peptide-receptor targeted therapy or radioembolization. This changing field has generated novel treatment algorithms to guide medical decisions. To better understand and handle the multidisciplinary approaches that are required for optimizing the care of neuroendocrine tumor patients, physicians are now looking for references from experts and comprehensive reviews summarizing current knowledge on treatments for patients with neuroendocrine tumors.

The risk of cancer increases with age, and the number of older adults seeking treatment is increasing dramatically in line with the aging population. The care of older patients differs from that of younger adults because of differences in the biology of the tumor, age-related differences in host physiology, co-morbidity burden and psychosocial issues, which might impact the efficacy and side effects of cancer therapy. This book focuses on the management of hematological cancer and provides guidance on the management issues specific to older patients, spanning background and epidemiology, special considerations in the management of older people, therapeutics and psychosocial considerations.

This book aims to provide an up-to-date review of the literature in each of the major areas relating to the management of older colorectal cancers patients, and makes recommendations for best practice and future research. The authors come from a broad geographic spread including the UK, mainland Europe and North America to ensure a worldwide relevance.

Urological Oncology, Second Edition offers an updated multi-disciplinary and multi professional approach to the assessment, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up care of patients being investigated and treated for urological malignancies. As a professional resource for all nurses involved in the care of uro-oncology patients, particularly those in advanced practice roles, there is an emphasis on developing advanced practice with in-depth discussions to support evidence based, patient focused care. Mainly aimed at trainee nurses, nurse practitioners in urology / urological oncology, Urological Oncology, Second Edition, is also useful for general nurse practitioners. With this in mind the level is higher than that of a general nursing book.

A review of state-of-the-art therapies currently used with leptomeningeal cancer patients, including information on symptom management, new clinical trials, epidemiology, as well as research in animal models for experimental treatments.

Esophageal cancer remains both a life-threatening disease and an everyday challenge for both patients and surgeons. Controversies regarding its management are prevalent, creating con- sion and uncertainties. Preoperative mortality and morbidity, limited overall and disease-free survival, and dismal prognosis make decision making regarding the choice of management dif? cult. Prof. Puntambekar is an enthusiastic surgeon, full of energy and inspiration. This young colleague offers contemporary possibilities for management of esophageal carcinoma. Prof. Cuesta is an experienced surgeon working in Europe. These two authors have compiled their work in this atlas and enrich the reader with experience encompassing two different c- tinents. This book is an update of novel surgical techniques of combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic approach in minimally invasive management of esophageal carcinoma. Prof. Puntambekar's outstanding experience and expertise in this ? eld is fully illustrated in this book in a step-by-step description of the operative procedures. This book should be regarded as a landmark for the surgical management of esophageal carcinoma. The book is distinctive and the technical steps are original, re? ecting a deep knowledge of the regional anatomy and a unique ability of visual and operative orientation.

In the age of the World Wide Web, informed patients continue to surprise oncologists with detailed questions about popular tumor therapies. Although minimally invasive tumor therapies (MITT) have become daily clinical practice for palliative treatment of liver tumors, the acceptance of these palliative modalities still varies enormously. This book gives an up-to-date overview of the popular techniques and clinical results of MITT, with a clarification of the actual indications including the size, tumor entities, and clinical benefits. Moreover, the book focuses on the prospectives and limitations of imaging methods used for MITT.

First book to apply the concept of SSL to the majority of human cancers Revolutionary new concept that might significantly transform surgical cancer treatment Focuses on cancer metastasis and explores the biological frontier of micro metastasis Includes illustrations by experts in the field on how to successfully perform SSL

The tanning industry is a major source of pollution worldwide, particularly in developing countries. The major public concern over tanneries has traditionally been about odours and water pollution from untreated discharges. Important poll- ants associated with the tanning industry include chlorides, tannins, chromium, sulphate and sulphides as well as trace organic chemicals and, increasingly, synthetic chemicals such as pesticides, dyes and finishing agents, as well as solvents. These substances are frequently toxic and persistent, and affect both human and environmental health. The primary focus in this book was to identify the recently developed ecoto- cological analytical trends (rapid, simple and inexpensive) related to the tanning industry on terrestrial and aquatic systems. The resultant research data reported, incorporates both field related and laboratory based techniques to address under- ing environmental problems in the tanning sector. The book also includes a chapter to explore the occupational hazards in a tannery environment caused by conta- nated dust. It was important to note that an optical set-up involving microscopy and digital imaging techniques was initially used to determine dust particle numbers and size distributions as a preamble to ascertaining the dust toxicity levels.

This book brings together the world's leading authorities on tumor immunology. This book describes the basic immunology principles that form the foundation of understanding how the immune system recognizes and rejects tumor cells. The role of the innate and adaptive immune responses is discussed and the implications of these responses for the design of clinical strategies to combat cancer are illustrated.

This is a multi-author book on hilar cholangiocarcinoma, written by an international team of world-renowned experts covering topics in their respective areas of expertise. There are altogether 71 authors from 14 countries/regions, mainly Argentina, Australia, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. This book aims to provide an up-to-date, fully referenced text that is as succinct as possible, but as comprehensive as necessary, addressing all topics in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. It provides the latest findings in the rapidly advancing field of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Controversial aspects are discussed by highly regarded authorities who look at the problem from different perspectives. A helpful list of references is included at the end of each chapter. The extensive use of diagrams, figures and tables makes the text easy to read. This book is primarily intended for clinicians and researchers who are interested in hilar cholangiocarcinoma, including liver surgeons, hepatologists, interventional and diagnostic radiologists, and basic researchers. General physicians, general surgeons, trainees, epidemiologists, hospital administrators, pathologists and instrument manufacturers will also find this book to be a valuable reference work. Editor Lau is currently a Professor of Surgery at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and an Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.

The work describes a new method of sphincter salvage in surgery of rectal cancer. Low tumors of the rectum are traditionally treated with amputation of the rectum. However, this operation is not well-received by patients, since it results in a permanent colostomy. By contrast, intersphincteric resection allows sphincter salvage even in low tumors and is now widely accepted among experts in the field of colorectal surgery. The book will describe the basics (pathology,physiology, radiology) as well as the surgical technique and its different modifications.

This important book provides up-to-date information on a series of topical issues relating to the approach to minimal residual disease in breast cancer patients. It first explains how the study of minimal residual disease and circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) can assist in the understanding of breast cancer metastasis. A series of chapters then discuss the various technologies available for the detection and characterization of CTCs and DTCs, pinpointing their merits and limitations. Detailed consideration is given to the relevance of CTCs and DTCs, and their detection, to clinical research and practice. The role of other blood-based biomarkers is also addressed, and the closing chapters debate the challenges facing drug and biomarker co-development and the use of CTCs for companion diagnostic development. This book will be of interest and assistance to all who are engaged in the modern management of breast cancer.

The current medical literature contains ample text addressing the topics of trauma and critical care. However, there are few texts existing that specifically address the common surgical problems encountered by practicing acute care surgeons. Common Problems in Acute Care Surgery provides a comprehensive, evidence-based review of the most common clinical problems encountered by acute care surgeons. Focusing on the clinical care of the patient, this volume explores the general principles of acute care surgery and the specific disease states that are commonly encountered by acute care surgeons. The work also touches upon the ethical issues and systems development behind acute care surgery, including practical considerations for establishing an acute care surgery program, ethical considerations in acute care surgery, and the role of palliative care. Authored by respected experts in the field and illustrated throughout with detailed photographs, Common Problems in Acute Care Surgery is of great value to resident surgeons in training, fellows, and practicing surgeons in acute care surgery.

Bone metastases continue to be a major cause of morbidity in cancer patients, but improved understanding of the biology of bone metastases has led to the identification of drugs that are of potential value in not only their treatment but also their prevention. This book, written by recognized experts in the field, provides a detailed overview of current knowledge on this subject. One important focus of the book is the efficacy of bisphosphonates in preventing bone metastases in patients with breast, lung, and prostate cancer and disease progression in cases of multiple myeloma. The combined use of bisphosphonates and cytostatics is also discussed, with a report on first clinical data. Further topics addressed include the significance of the bone microenvironment, special issues in the elderly patient, the use of bone turnover markers, and initial findings obtained with denosumab.