This book presents evidence that public debts in the advanced economies have surged in recent years to levels not recorded since the end of World War II, surpassing the heights reached during the First World War and the Great Depression. At the same time, private debt levels, particularly those of financial institutions and households, are in uncharted territory and are (in varying degrees) a contingent liability of the public sector in many countries. Historically, high leverage episodes have been associated with slower economic growth and a higher incidence of default or, more generally, restructuring of public and private debts.A more subtle form of debt restructuring in the guise of "financial repression" (which had its heyday during the tightly regulated Bretton Woods system) also importantly facilitated sharper and more rapid debt reduction than would have otherwise been the case from the late 1940s to the 1970s. It is conjectured here that the pressing needs of governments to reduce debt rollover risks and curb rising interest expenditures in light of the substantial debt overhang (combined with the widespread "official aversion" to explicit restructuring) are leading to a revival of financial repression-including more directed lending to government by captive domestic audiences (such as pension funds), explicit or implicit caps on interest rates, and tighter regulation on cross-border capital movements.

This handbook is a concise guide for all those who aim at obtaining a basic knowledge of European tax law. Designed for students, it should also be useful for experienced international tax specialists with little knowledge of European law, European law specialists who are reluctant to approach the technicalities of direct taxation and non-Europeans who deal with Europe for business or academic reasons and need to understand the foundations of European tax law. This book should also help academics without a legal background to approach the technical issues raised by European Union tax law. This edition contains selected relevant information available as of 30 June 2022. It retains all of the features and tools contained in the previous editions (including the final charts, which our readers very much appreciate). In this edition we have also included a list of relevant documents and a selection of reference textbooks on European tax law in five languages, which we found of potential interest to our readers.

This publication explores how innovative financing and transformative knowledge solutions can help build sustainable and resilient food systems in Asia and the Pacific. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the food security and nutrition challenges in Asia and the Pacific, where various risks and fragilities have affected the food and agriculture sector. This publication explores how innovative financing and transformative knowledge solutions can help address the financing gaps and other challenges of food systems in the region. It emphasizes the need to enhance resilience and mitigate climate change by integrating the sustainable management of natural resources, nutritional considerations, and the economic dimensions of food supply chains.

This publication provides guidance for bond issuers and their advisors on the process and key considerations for a successful green bond issuance. Demand for green bonds and other sustainable finance products is increasing rapidly, and issuers are seeing an opportunity to be part of the green bond market. This publication covers all the steps required to follow best practices in labeling bonds as green. It includes examples, links to further details, and key resources for green bond issuers and their deal teams.

Die deutsche Wirtschaft wird traditionell von mittelstandischen Unternehmen getragen. Viele dieser Unternehmen werden von traditionsbewussten Familienunternehmern gefuhrt. Diese wollen auch nach ihrem Ausstieg erreichen, dass "ihr" Unternehmen von der nachsten Generation, insbesondere den eigenen Kindern, fortgefuhrt wird. Der Generationenwechsel ist eine grosse Herausforderung, da er in der Regel von zahlreichen gesellschaftsrechtlichen und steuerrechtlichen Fragestellungen sowie familieninternen Auseinandersetzungen begleitet wird. Der Autor untersucht, ob die Unterbeteiligung als mittelbare Beteiligungsform dazu geeignet ist, praktikable Antworten bezuglich des Generationenwechsels zu geben und damit die Unternehmensnachfolge in mittelstandischen Unternehmen zu optimieren.

The study supports policy makers in designing legal and operational frameworks and practices to enhance cooperation between tax authorities and Law Enforcement Agencies at the domestic and international levels, and to build on synergies between investigations and enforcement in the context of tax crimes, money laundering and corruption.

The United States introduced the earned income tax credit (EITC) in 1975, where it remains the most significant earnings-based refundable credit in the Internal Revenue Code. While the United States was the first country to use its domestic revenue system to deliver and administer social welfare benefits to lower-income individuals or families, a number of other countries, including New Zealand and Canada, have experimented with or incorporated similar credits into their tax systems. In this work, Michelle Lyon Drumbl, drawing on her extensive advocacy experience representing low-income taxpayers in EITC audits, analyzes the effectiveness of the EITC in the United States and offers suggestions for how it can be improved. This timely book should be read by anyone interested in how the EITC can be reimagined to better serve the working poor and, more generally, whether the tax system can promote social justice.

Der nordrhein-westfalische Entwurf zur Einfuhrung eines Verbandsstrafgesetzes hat die langjahrige Diskussion um die Einfuhrung eines Unternehmensstrafrechts wieder entfacht. Der Autor nimmt den Gesetzesentwurf zum Anlass, um die bislang vorwiegend im Strafrecht diskutierte Problematik einer kriminalstrafrechtlichen Sanktionierung von Unternehmen aus der Perspektive des Gesellschaftsrechts zu untersuchen. Hierbei analysiert er, ob der vorgelegte Entwurf gesellschaftsrechtliche Wertungen hinreichend berucksichtigt und zieht sodann Gedanken des Gesellschaftsrechts fur konzeptionelle Erwagungen zur Ausgestaltung eines Verbandsstrafgesetzbuchs heran.

Dieses kleine Buch liefert historisch belegte Fakten ungewoehnlicher Massnahmen und raffinierter Ideen aus der langen Leidensgeschichte der Steuern und Abgaben, die Schlaglichter auch auf heutige Eigenwilligkeiten und empfundene Absurditaten der Steuergesetzgebung werfen. Die kurzen, leicht lesbaren Texte und ihr unterhaltsamer Charakter eignen sich perfekt, um sie als kleine Geschichten im Buro, in Reden oder in persoenlichen Gesprachen aufzugreifen. Die ubersichtliche, alphabetisch sortierte und mit vielen Illustrationen angereicherte Darstellung garantiert auch in der 3., durchgesehenen Auflage eine informative und unterhaltsame Lekture. In der sonst oft trockenen Welt der Steuertexte ist das Werk eine erfrischende Abwechslung und ein wunderbares, handliches Geschenk fur alle, die sich beruflich mit Steuern beschaftigen, sowie fur alle, die sie mehr oder weniger freudig zu entrichten haben.

A surprising and revealing look at what Americans really believe about taxes Conventional wisdom holds that Americans hate taxes. But the conventional wisdom is wrong. Bringing together national survey data with in-depth interviews, Read My Lips presents a surprising picture of tax attitudes in the United States. Vanessa Williamson demonstrates that Americans view taxpaying as a civic responsibility and a moral obligation. But they worry that others are shirking their duties, in part because the experience of taxpaying misleads Americans about who pays taxes and how much. Perceived "loopholes" convince many income tax filers that a flat tax might actually raise taxes on the rich, and the relative invisibility of the sales and payroll taxes encourages many to underestimate the sizable tax contributions made by poor and working people. Americans see being a taxpayer as a role worthy of pride and respect, a sign that one is a contributing member of the community and the nation. For this reason, the belief that many Americans are not paying their share is deeply corrosive to the social fabric. The widespread misperception that immigrants, the poor, and working-class families pay little or no taxes substantially reduces public support for progressive spending programs and undercuts the political standing of low-income people. At the same time, the belief that the wealthy pay less than their share diminishes confidence that the political process represents most people. Upending the idea of Americans as knee-jerk opponents of taxes, Read My Lips examines American taxpaying as an act of political faith. Ironically, the depth of the American civic commitment to taxpaying makes the failures of the tax system, perceived and real, especially potent frustrations.

Karin Nickenig befasst sich in diesem essential mit der Zusammensetzung des Anlagevermoegens sowie der Zugangs- und Folgebewertung von Anlagegutern. Der Band ermoeglicht einen schnellen UEberblick hinsichtlich moeglicher Abschreibungen. Die Betrachtung von Geringwertigen Wirtschaftsgutern und relevanten Vorschriften zur Umsatzsteuer/Vorsteuer ist ein weiterer wesentlicher Bestandteil dieser Lekture.