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Books > Money & Finance > Public finance > Taxation
Women who encounter the criminal justice system are far more likely
to have experienced domestic or sexual abuse than the wider female
population. Despite widespread recognition of the link between a
woman's victimisation and her involvement in crime, the
relationship between the two is still not well understood. Gendered
Justice? illustrates how a woman's involvement in crime can
manifest as a by-product of her attempts to cope with, survive, or
escape domestic abuse. Referencing the first UK-based research of
its kind, Roberts explores how a woman's involvement in crime can
be explained or contextualised by her experience of domestic abuse.
Drawing on the experiences of women serving community-based
sentences, all of whom had been subjected to domestic abuse, the
author analyses a variety of situations which illustrate how women
can become involved in crime when their abuse perpetrator is not
present, after the abusive relationship has ended or even years
after the abuse has ceased, yet their actions can still be
attributed to their victimisation. She also demonstrates how
perpetrators of abuse use women's involvement in the criminal
justice system as a further weapon of abuse. Built upon the
foundations of women's real-life experiences, which have real-world
implications, Gendered Justice? introduces a range of
recommendations and implications for both policy and practice in
the field of criminal justice.
This book is a work that focuses on the forest environmental tax.
Forest resources have played a major role in preventing global
warming by absorbing carbon dioxide and supplying oxygen. However,
global economic growth has adversely affected the global
environment and has exacerbated global warming due to excessive
consumption of forest resources. The functions or "services" of
forests are diverse, but the interest of the citizenry in forest
cultivation is scarce since forests are public goods. Concurrently,
Japanese forestry, which has played an important role in forest
conservation, is steadily declining, and it is no longer possible
for private forest operators to maintain the forest environment.
Therefore, in order to realize sustainable economic growth, it is
necessary to formulate policies for the conservation of appropriate
forest environments. Forest conservation is an especially important
policy issue for Japan, where two-thirds of the country is
forested. In Japan, a forest environmental tax is being introduced
as a forest conservation policy. As of 2021, the forest
environmental tax has already been introduced in about two-thirds
of the prefectures and soon will be introduced as a national tax.
In this book, the significance and issues of the forest
environmental tax will be sorted out, and the status of the
introduction of the forest environmental tax in Japan will be
compared with that of other countries. In addition, there is
additional material regarding the water source conservation fund in
Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture, a system similar to the forest
environmental tax.
This theoretically rooted and research-based book provides insights
on the JESSICA funding model which - unlike the traditional
non-repayable aid - focuses on supporting sustainable urban
development projects in a repayable and recyclable way. Looking
through the lens of the JESSICA financial engineering mechanism
used in urban transformation, it examines the functioning and
performance thereof and formulates policy recommendations for the
future. The aim of this volume is to contribute to a deeper
understanding of the JESSICA sustainable funding model by exploring
its repayable assistance mechanism to support sustainable urban
development projects. The authors make several noteworthy
contributions to the literature on EU cohesion policy and shed
light on the use of the repayable instruments within public
interventions, while providing, for the first time, a critical
analysis of the JESSICA sustainable funding model from the holistic
perspective which is especially relevant for supporting sustainable
urban development. Financial Engineering in Sustainable Funding of
Urban Development in the EU provides policy-significant findings
that are important for EU cohesion policy in the field of repayable
assistance to be reinvested in the long term in urban and regional
transformation.
This book elucidates the murky realities of China's taxation system
today, and advocates bold plans for change. Theorizing finance and
taxation in relation to a national political system, the authors
explain the current tangled-up realities of China's creaky,
inherited and uneven tax system- and put forward a plan for radical
change. This book will be of interest to finance professionals,
economists, and scholars of the Chinese economy. The focus is to
properly handle the three basic economic and social relations
between the government and the market (and the enterprises as the
main market entities), between the central and local governments,
and between the public power system and the citizens. This book
follows the research context of problem orientation - goal
orientation - practical operation, and puts forward the ideas,
basic goals and paths of fiscal system reform that adapt to the
modernization of national governance.
This book explores current digitalization issues in finance and
accounting with particular focus on emerging and transitioning
markets. It features models, empirical studies and cases studies on
topics such as Fintech, blockchain technology, financing renewable
energy, and XBRL usage from sectors such health care, pharmacology,
transportation, and education. Such a complex view of current
economic phenomena makes the volume attractive not only for
academia, but also for regulators and policy-makers, when
deliberating the potential outcome of competing regulatory
mechanisms.
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