The principal objective of this book is simple: to provide a timely and effective means of navigating the current maze of case law on causation, in order that the solutions to causal problems might more easily be reached and the law relating to them more easily understood. The need for this has been increasingly evident in recent judgments dealing with causal issues: in particular, it seems to be ever harder to distinguish between the different 'categories' of causation and, consequently, to identify the legal test to be applied on any given set of facts. Causation in Negligence will make such identification easier, both by clarifying the parameters of each category and mapping the current key cases accordingly, and by providing one basic means of analysis which will make the resolution of even the thorniest of causal issues a straightforward process. The causal inquiry in negligence seems to have become a highly complicated and confused area of the law. As this book demonstrates, this is unnecessary and easily remedied.

Personal Injury Schedules: Calculating Damages covers in one single volume all that the PI practitioner needs in order to calculate damages in a personal injury case. It provides a guide to the assessment of damages and presentation of schedules. The emphasis remains on the practical application of the rules and principles involved, covering a variety of claims ranging from the small to the catastrophic. Defendants are also catered for, with a substantial chapter on Counter-Schedules. The book contains comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the relevant principles and case law in a practical handbook style with valuable advice on presentation and strategy, complimented by a raft of precedents. Its key strengths are its clear and structured presentation and calculation of difficult items of loss with checklists, bullet points and tables offering immediate solutions for the busy practitioner, who needs accurate information on a daily basis in the courtroom or the office. This new edition is fully updated to take account of the following developments resulting from case law since the last edition: Fatal Accident Act multipliers: Knauer v MOJ [2016] UKSC 9; Pre-existing conditions: Reaney v University Hospital of North Staffordshire [2015] EWCA Civ 1119; Residual earnings discount factors: Billett v MOD[2015] EWCA Civ 773; Review of the highest court award ever made: Robshaw v United Lincolnshire Hospitals NSH Trust [2015] EWHC 923 (QB); Developments in the approach to interim payment applications: Smith v Bailey [2014] EWHC 2569 (QB); Recoverability of credit hire claims: Brent v Highways & Utilities Construction & others [2011] EWCA Civ 1384; Opuku v Tintas [2013] EWCA Civ 1299; Zurich Insurance v Umerji [2014] EWCA Civ 357; Sobrany v UAB Transtira [2016] EWCA Civ 28; Fatal accidents and incompatibility with the ECHR: Swift v Secretary of State for Justice [2013] EWCA Civ 193; Periodical payment orders: RH v University Hospitals Bristol Foundation Trust [2013] EWHC 299 (QB); Wallace v Follett [2013] EWCA Civ 146; Striking out dishonest claims: Fairclough Homes Ltd v Summers [2012] UKSC 26; Assessment of multipliers when not constrained by the Damages Act 1996: Simon v Helmot [2012] UKPC 5; Assessment of life expectancy: Whiten v St George's Healthcare NHS Trust [2011] EWHC 2066 (QB).

This book is the first in a series of essay collections on defences in private law. It addresses defences to liability arising in tort. The essays range from those adopting a primarily doctrinal approach to others that examine the law from a more theoretical or historical perspective. Some essays focus on individual defences, while some are concerned with the links between defences, or with how defences relate to the structure of tort law as a whole. A number of the essays also draw upon concepts and literature that have been developed mainly in relation to the criminal law, and consider their application to tort law. The essays make several original contributions to this complex, important but neglected field of academic enquiry.