This book questions the ethics of government officials' and automobile industry representatives' strategies to promote automobiles over other forms of transportation in China and India. It begins by reviewing the early history of the symbiotic relationship of automobile representatives and government officials in America that led to automobile proliferation and the well-entrenched car culture that we have today. The book then shows how these same dynamics and strategies are at work in China and India and how in each country, transportation policies have favoured private and individual forms of transportation over public ones.

The increasing use of cellular phones has served as a catalyst for growing interest in driver distraction in recent years. While the use of cellular phones poses a significant and increasing risk to roadway safety, studies show that it represents a relatively small proportion of a bigger distraction program. This book examines current knowledge on driver distraction to help state and local governments formulate effective policies, regulations and laws relating to this challenging issue.

Congress is considering legislation to strengthen federal regulation of auto safety, in response to hundreds of reported accidents, and more than 50 fatalities, that may be linked to sudden acceleration in certain makes of Toyota and Lexus vehicles. Toyota, under pressure from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), has recalled more than 6 million autos in the United States, and for a time stopped production of certain new-model vehicles in an effort to address the problems, which is one of the largest such efforts in recent history. This book examines the problem of unintended or sudden acceleration of automobiles occurring during the past year and what mitigating challenges and procedures lay ahead for Congress and automakers.

Operator fatigue and sleep deprivation have been widely recognised as critical safety issues that cut across all modes in the transportation industry. However, there are a number of additional safety issues that plague drivers in a variety of vehicles. This book examines the safety issues that affect many types of transportation, such as improvements to drug testing programs in order to promote motor carrier safety, driver fatigue research, driver factors in fatal bus crashes and the role of driving-hours on driver fatigue. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

Public health is now considering road safety as a major factor to improve morbidity and mortality but the health community is poorly educated regarding this issue. The World Health Organization dedicated the 2004 World Health Day to road safety. Since then, various campaigns around the world have been launched to reduce the number of traffic accidents and death, and several projects we initiated to improve traffic safety. Sleepiness at the wheel is an important cause of traffic accidents. This book discusses the causes and consequences of driver sleepiness in a systematic manner. Experts in the field of traffic safety and sleep research have contributed to this book.

Transport prices for most African landlocked countries range from 15 to 20 percent of import costs. This is approximately two to three times more than in most developed countries. It is well known that weak infrastructure can account for low trade performance. Thus, it becomes necessary to understand what types of regional transport services operate in landlocked African nations and it is critical to identify the regulation disparities and provision anomalies that hurt infrastructure efficiency, even when the physical infrastructure, such as a road transport corridor, exists. ""Transport Prices and Costs in Africa"" analyzes the various reasons for poor transport performance seen widely throughout Africa and provides a compelling case for a number of national and regional reforms that are vital to the effort to address the underlying causes of high transport prices and costs and service unpredictability seen in Africa. The book will greatly help supervisory authorities throughout the region develop and implement a comprehensive transport policy that will facilitate long-term growth.

Over the last decade, Class I railroads have consolidated and, particularly in the past two years, have achieved high profitability. The present, mostly deregulated railway regime was designed during a period when railways were in financial peril. Some Members of Congress believe that the present, mostly deregulated regime needs to be revised to provide more balance for the interests of those rail customers who are served by only one railroad. A major point of contention is whether current railroad industry practices should be changed to provide these customers (referred to as "captive shippers") with more routing options. This book provides background on the current railroad regulatory regime and examines the major points of contention between railroads and their "captive customers."

Airlines have imposed a variety of fees on a range of optional services, such as checked and carry-on bags; meals; blankets; early boarding; and seat selection. According to airline officials, the fees are based on a combination of factors, including the cost of providing the service, competition, and consumer demand. The fees have supplemented airline revenues, providing at least $3 billion in 2009. However, information about the fees is not fully disclosed through all ticket distribution channels used by consumers, making it difficult for them to compare the total cost of flights offered by different carriers. This book addresses the nature and relationship to cost and disclosure of airline fees; the potential impact of such fees on the Airport and Airway Trust Fund; checked and mishandled baggage issues; and the process, if any, for refunding government-imposed taxes and fees when passengers do not use non-refundable tickets.

Every weekday in the United States more than 7 million people board a rail transit vehicle. Rail transit is considered one of the safest modes of transportation, but incidents such as the recent collision between two transit trains in Washington, DC, raise questions about the safety of rail transit and the government's role in ensuring its safety. This book examines the safety record of rail transit and the division of responsibilities for ensuring the safety of rail transit operations, with an emphasis on the role of the federal government. Discussed, herein, are the different types of rail transit systems and the condition of those systems, statistics on the safety record of rail transit operations, and the roles of federal, state, and local entities responsible for ensuring the safety of rail transit.

The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is the federal agency primarily responsible for safety in the rail industry. FRA's safety programs were last authorised in 1994; their authorisation expired in 1998. Most measures of rail safety have improved significantly since FRA's last authorisation, including the number of grade crossing collisions and fatalities and the number of employee injuries and deaths. However, the improvements in safety measures have levelled off in recent years. Given significant projected continued increases in freight and passenger rail activity in the coming decade, there is concern that without additional efforts, some of the gain of the past decade may be lost. This book explores the issues, regulations and safety of U.S. railroads.

All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs), which are off-road motorised vehicles, usually with four tires, a straddle seat for the operator, and handlebars for steering control, have become increasingly popular. All-Terrain Vehicles are mainly used for recreation, but are also used in occupations such as farming and policing. ATVs are also used as primary transportation in some remote communities, such as in parts of Alaska. However, ATV fatalities and injuries have increased over the last decade and are a matter of concern to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which overseas ATV safety. This book explores how ATVs are used, their crash statistics, and sales of adult-sized vehicles for children's use. Also discussed are the effects of ATVs on forested lands and grasslands and their impact on natural resources.

In the years preceding the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the United States lacked a comprehensive national policy and strategy for aviation security. The United States approach to aviation security had largely been shaped by past events such as the bombing of Pan Am flight 103 in December, 1988. This book explores the national aviation security policy established by the President. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has developed a publicly-available national strategy for aviation security that addresses threats to aviation using a risk-based methodology to complement the overarching National infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP) and seeks to deter and prevent terrorist attacks against aviation, mitigate damage and expedite recovery and minimise the impact of an attack to the aviation system. The strategy seeks to achieve these objectives by engaging domestic and international partners and carrying out specific actions set forth in a series of supporting plans for operational security, surveillance and intelligence, threat response, system recovery, and co-ordination.

"The Best Transportation System in the World" focuses on the centrality of government in organizing the nation's transportation industries. As the authors show, over the course of the twentieth century, transportation in the United States was as much a product of hard-fought politics, lobbying, and litigation as it was a naturally evolving system of engineering and available technology.For example, in the mid-1950s, President Eisenhower, concerned about a railroad industry in decline, asked Congress to grant railroad executives authority to modify prices and service even as he introduced the legislation that provided for the national highway system. And as early as the 1960s, presidents across the political spectrum, including Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter, sought broad deregulation of the transportation industry in order to prime the economic pump or, in the 1970s, reverse stagflation. At every turn, the authors contend, political considerations served to shape the businesses and infrastructure that Americans use to travel.

Trains have a nostalgic connotation for most Americans, but John Stilgoe argues that we should be looking to rail lines as the path to our future, not just our past. Train Time picks up where his acclaimed work Metropolitan Corridor left off, carrying Stilgoe's ideas about the spatial consequences of railways up to the present moment. With containers bringing the production of a global economy to our ports, the price of oil skyrocketing, and congestion and sprawl forcing many Americans to live far from work, trains offer an obvious alternative to a culture dependent on cars and long-haul trucking. Arguing that the train is returning, "an economic and cultural tsunami about to transform the United States," Stilgoe posits a future for railways as powerful shapers of American life.

For anyone looking for prescient analysis and compelling history of the American landscape and economy in general and railroad and transit history in particular, Train Time is an engaging look at the future of our railroads and of transportation and land development. For those familiar with John Stilgoe's talent for seeing things that elude the rest of us, and delivering those observations in pithy asides about real estate, corporate culture, and other aspects of American life, this book will not disappoint.

It is difficult to imagine a world without the car, and yet that is exactly what Dennis and Urry set out to do in this provocative new book. They argue that the days of the car are numbered: powerful forces around the world are undermining the car system and will usher in a new transport system sometime in the next few decades. Specifically, the book examines how several major processes are shaping the future of how we travel, including: * Global warming and its many global consequences * Peaking of oil supplies * Increased digitisation of many aspects of economic and social life * Massive global population increases The authors look at changes in technology, policy, economy and society, and make a convincing argument for a future where, by necessity, the present car system will be re-designed and re-engineered. Yet the book also suggests that there are some hugely bleak dilemmas facing the twenty first century. The authors lay out what they consider to be possible 'post-car' future scenarios. These they describe as 'local sustainability', 'regional warlordism' and 'digital networks of control'. After The Car will be of great interest to planners, policy makers, social scientists, futurologists, those working in industry, as well as general readers. Some have described the 20th Century as the century of the car. Now that century has come to a close - and things are about to change.

It is difficult to imagine a world without the car, and yet that is exactly what Dennis and Urry set out to do in this provocative new book. They argue that the days of the car are numbered: powerful forces around the world are undermining the car system and will usher in a new transport system sometime in the next few decades. Specifically, the book examines how several major processes are shaping the future of how we travel, including:
- Global warming and its many global consequences
- Peaking of oil supplies
- Increased digitisation of many aspects of economic and social life
- Massive global population increases
The authors look at changes in technology, policy, economy and society, and make a convincing argument for a future where, by necessity, the present car system will be re-designed and re-engineered.

Yet the book also suggests that there are some hugely bleak dilemmas facing the twenty first century. The authors lay out what they consider to be possible 'post-car' future scenarios. These they describe as 'local sustainability', 'regional warlordism' and 'digital networks of control'.

"After The Car" will be of great interest to planners, policy makers, social scientists, futurologists, those working in industry, as well as general readers.

Some have described the 20th Century as the century of the car. Now that century has come to a close - and things are about to change.

Viable, value-creating solutions for securing global transportation networks.

. "Securing Global Transportation Networks" demonstrates how improved security processes can create value across all the business functions throughout an entire value chain. Readers will learn a whole new security management philosophy, as explained through domestic and international examples and case studies ranging from major retailers such as Home Depot to shipping giants such as Maersk and FedEx. This book also looks ahead to future developments and "best practices" for the future. If you're charged with making or evaluating transportation security decisions, you'll find the tools you need to succeed -- and prosper -- with the Total Security Management approach.. Explains globalization's impact on transportation networks. Creates a framework for realizing a return on security investments by integrating it as a core business process. Details how transportation firms, investors, and insurance companies can measure and reward smart security practices that protect a firm's fixed assets, assets in transit, brand equity and goodwill, and human capital.

. INSIDE: . Global Trade and Total Security Management. The Total Security Management Framework. Creating Value: The Case for TSM. The Risk Management Approach to TSM. Securing Fixed Assets. Securing Assets in Transit. Securing Brand Equity and Goodwill. Securing Human Capital. TSM and Business Continuity Planning. The End of the Beginning.

. "Excellent book, written by three veterans of the industry and featuring a foreword by Tom Ridge, the first Secretary of Homeland Security...the authors develop in the book the concept of Total SecurityManagement, and use compelling case studies to illustrate their point that a secure business is a successful business...The book further demonstrates the financial benefits of investing in security, and also how to protect physical corporate assets, whether they be fixed or goods in transit...this book is a must for anyone working in or around global transportation industries."
. -- Reviewer: Rob Ballister--Military Writers Society of America Board Member, 9/24/08. . . . .

Dealing with research in the fields of passenger and freight transportation modes, this book looks at policy analysis, formulation and evaluation, interaction with the political, socioeconomic and physical environment, and the planning, design, management and evaluation of transportation systems.

Transportation planning deals with the ways in which governments at various levels try to ensure the effective and efficient movement of people and goods. For this collection, the editors have selected the key previously published papers which analyse some of the major methodological issues involved in modern transportation planning and discuss the main policy questions and debates. The wide range of topics covered includes traffic assignment, developments in modelling travel behaviour, urban travel, the effect of modern telecommunications on travel, congestion and pricing policy. The book includes a new authoritative introduction which offers a comprehensive overview of the themes and ideas raised in the articles.

In 1881, the railroads came to the dusty West Texas town of El Paso bringing drummers, lawmen, gunmen, gamblers, ladies of the evening, miners, and untold others. They did not all have horses or buggies and the town fathers soon recognized the need for a mule-powered streetcar system. This is the story of how those mule cars carried the colorful characters of El Paso around town and across the Rio Grande to Mexico. It is also the story of the spoiled town pet, Mandy the Mule, and the remarkable survival of the car Mandy pulled, No.1. The author takes extraordinary care to separate popular legend from documentable evidence.

The story of early day mass transit would not be complete without the sad tale of Tobin Place and its railroad after the turn of the century as well as the intriguing tale of the much anticipated, but little used, plush electric interurban to Ysleta.

Transportation research has traditionally been dominated by engineering and logistics research approaches. This book integrates social, economic, and behavioral sciences into the transportation field. As its title indicates, emphasis is on socioeconomic changes, which increasingly govern the development of the transportation sector.

The papers presented here originated at a conference on Social Change and Sustainable Transport held at the University of California at Berkeley in March 1999, under the auspices of the European Science Foundation and the National Science Foundation.
The contributors, who represent a range of disciplines, including geography and regional science, economics, political science, sociology, and psychology, come from twelve different countries. Their subjects cover the consequences of environmentally sustainable transportation vs. the "business-as-usual" status quo, the new phenomenon of "edge cities," automobile dependence as a social problem, the influence of leisure or discretionary travel and of company cars, the problems of freight transport, the future of railroads in Europe, the imposition of electronic road tolls, potential transport benefits of e-commerce, and the electric car.

The urban population in many developing countries continues to grow at more than six percent per year. The number of cities with a population of over 10 million inhabitants is expected to double within a generation. More importantly, within a generation, more than half of the developing world's population and between a third and one-half of its poor, will then reside in cities. Not only will the number of inhabitants in cities continue to increase but the problems associated with an increasing urban population will be exacerbated. This strategy paper connects the urban and transport strategies with a focus on poverty. It concentrates on the problems of the very poor, not only in relation to income, but also in terms of the broader dimensions of social exclusion. The objectives of this book are to offer a better common understanding of urban transportation problems in developing and transitional economies and to identify an urban transport strategy framework for national and city governments.

Many inhabitants of rural areas in developing countries do not have adequate and affordable access to transport infrastructure services. Insufficient access to transport constrains economic and social development and contributes to poverty. This book focuses on improving rural mobility by facilitating the provision of affordable means of transport and transport services. It concentrates on the many and varied types of transport that provide mobility such as bus service, freight trucks, bush taxis, transport animals, bicycles, and handcarts.

Due to declining transport costs and declining tariffs, trade has grown much faster than income since World War II. Furthermore, international trade flows are penetrating deeper into the workings of most economies, linking them to one another, and modifying their economic structure and productivity. It is in this context that there has been an increase in the formation of regional trade blocks. 'Integration of Transport and Trade Facilitation' analyzes the scope and the status of the interrelated processes of trade and transport integration in a subset of these trading blocs. This book provides a detailed analysis of trade integration patterns in each trade bloc. The examination begins with a review of the context of the economic and institutional evolution in the region with an economic profile of the component members, and concludes with an assessment of the nature and extent of trade integration. The report also explores the scope of the parallel transport integration. A final chapter in the book provides a case study of Rotterdam, a successful major hub that has kept its position as the world's largest port for four decades.