A great deal of effort has been expended by Anglo-American
scholars in an attempt to isolate past and contemporary "fascisms,"
"neofascisms," "cryptofascisms," and "latent" fascisms in the
modern world. A. James Gregor's "Phoenix: Fascism in Our Time"
offers an insightful history of the intellectual rationale for
Benito Mussolini's fascism. His work examines the complex rationale
provided by major Italian intellectuals. The book provides a list
of recurrent features that helps to identify the generic
phenomenon.
This lucid account reviews seriously neglected aspects of
intellectual history, describing the socioeconomic and political
conditions that precipitate and sustain fascism. Gregor shows that
Italian fascism was supported by a responsible and credible
rationale. His account of that rationale permits us to understand
the appeal fascism as an ideal has exercised over elites and masses
in the twentieth century. Gregor offers a credible list of traits
in showing how instances of fascism can be identified when they
first appear. The last chapters of the work are devoted to a case
study of the newly emergent post-Soviet Russian nationalism and its
affinities with historic fascism. Gregor discusses the implications
of the rise of generic fascism in the former Soviet Union and
post-Maoist China.
This timely volume now available in paperback offers an
alternative to conventional mechanical interpretations of the major
historical events of the twentieth century. "Phoenix" is must
reading for scholars and policymakers dealing with European history
between the two world wars, and will be instructive for anyone
interested in prospects for a fascist ideology in the new
millennium.
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