Over the past two decades Americans have become increasingly
skeptical about the benefits of community growth and hostile to new
taxes--while continuing to demand improvements in local services.
One response to this tension has been a burgeoning movement to
raise public revenue by regulating growth. In this timely book, the
authors explain that most growing localities now require private
developers to finance public improvements as a condition for
receiving permits to build. These permit conditions, known as
"exactions," are most commonly used to ensure that infrastructure
capacity will be adequate to serve the occupants of new real estate
developments and to lessen the harmful effects of these
developments on other local citizens. Exactions are often used to
finance new roads, water and waste disposal facilities, and public
open space, but some communities have begun to require developer
financing for such services as day care, job training, low-cost
housing, and ride sharing. The authors see the dramatic growth of
exaction financing as an epochal shift in the character of American
land use regulation. A function once isolated from the local
government mainstream is now close to heart of fiscal and public
works decisionmaking. Politicians find exactions an extremely
valuable tactic for resolving land use conflict. Lawyers and
developers worry about how to establish appropriate limits on the
use of exaction, economists debate their equity and efficiency, and
planners consider their effect on urban reform. Regulation for
Revenue offers an integrated appraisal of exaction financing,
showing that exactions come in many forms and that they can be
meaningfully evaluated only by comparison with realistic
alternatives. These include growth restrictions, tolerance of
infrastructure overload, and increased tax and user charges.
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