By 1867 black San Franciscans had gained access to public
transportation. In 1869 they were granted the right to vote by the
state of California. In 1875 they fought for desegregated schools
and won. Yet in 1957, Willie Mays was initially denied the
opportunity to purchase a home in an exclusive San Francisco
neighborhood because he was black.
"In Black San Francisco," Albert Broussard explores race relations
in a city where whites, for the most part, were outwardly civil to
blacks while denying them employment opportunities and political
power. Understanding the texture of the racial caste system, he
argues, is critical to understanding why blacks made so little
progress in employment, housing, and politics despite the absence
of segregation laws.
When it came to racial equality in the early twentieth century,
Broussard argues, the liberal progressive image of San Francisco
was largely a facade. Illustrating how black San Franciscans
struggled to achieve equality in the same manner as their
counterparts in the Midwest and East, he challenges the rhetoric of
progress and opportunity with evidence of the reality of inequality
for black San Franciscans.
"Black San Francisco" is considerably broader in scope than any
previous study of African-Americans in the West. It provides
extensive coverage of the city's black community during the Great
Depression and the New Deal, details civil rights activities from
1915 to 1954, and provides extensive biographical material on local
black leaders.
In his reconstruction of the plight of San Francisco's black
citizens, Broussard reveals a population that, despite its small
size before 1940, did not accept second-class citizenship passively
yet remained nonviolent into the 1960s. He also shows how World War
II was a watershed for Black San Francisco, bringing thousands of
southern migrants to the bay area to work in the war industries.
These migrants, in tandem with native black residents, formed
coalitions with white liberals to attack racial inequality more
vigorously and successfully than at any previous time in San
Francisco's history.
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