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Books > History > European history > From 1900
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A Mission to Civilize - Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895-1930 (Hardcover)
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A Mission to Civilize - Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895-1930 (Hardcover)
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This work addresses a central but often ignored question in the
history of modern France and modern colonialism: how did the Third
Republic, highly regarded for its professed democratic values,
allow itself to be seduced by the insidious and persistent appeal
of a civilizing ideology with distinct racist overtones? By
focusing on a particular group of colonial officials in a specific
setting the governors general of French West Africa from 1895 to
1930 the author argues that the ideal of a special civilizing
mission had a decisive impact on colonial policymaking and on the
evolution of modern French republicanism generally. French ideas of
civilization simultaneously republican, racist, and modern
encouraged the governors general in the 1890 s to attack such
feudal African institutions as aristocratic rule and slavery in
ways that referred back to France s own experience of revolutionary
change. Ironically, local administrators in the 1920 s also invoked
these same ideas to justify such reactionary policies as the
reintroduction of forced labor, arguing that coercion, which
inculcated a work ethic in the lazy African, legitimized his loss
of freedom. By constantly invoking the ideas of civilization,
colonial policy makers in Dakar and Paris managed to obscure the
fundamental contradictions between the rights of man guaranteed in
a republican democracy and the forcible acquisition of an empire
that violates those rights.
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