Dona Marina (La Malinche) ...Pocahontas ...Sacagawea--their names
live on in historical memory because these women bridged the
indigenous American and European worlds, opening the way for the
cultural encounters, collisions, and fusions that shaped the social
and even physical landscape of the modern Americas. But these
famous individuals were only a few of the many thousands of people
who, intentionally or otherwise, served as "go-betweens" as
Europeans explored and colonized the New World.
In this innovative history, Alida Metcalf thoroughly
investigates the many roles played by go-betweens in the
colonization of sixteenth-century Brazil. She finds that many
individuals created physical links among Europe, Africa, and
Brazil--explorers, traders, settlers, and slaves circulated goods,
plants, animals, and diseases. Intercultural liaisons produced
mixed-race children. At the cultural level, Jesuit priests and
African slaves infused native Brazilian traditions with their own
religious practices, while translators became influential
go-betweens, negotiating the terms of trade, interaction, and
exchange. Most powerful of all, as Metcalf shows, were those
go-betweens who interpreted or represented new lands and peoples
through writings, maps, religion, and the oral tradition. Metcalf's
convincing demonstration that colonization is always mediated by
third parties has relevance far beyond the Brazilian case, even as
it opens a revealing new window on the first century of Brazilian
history.
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