The term behavior modification refers to the systematic analysis
and change of human behavior and the principal focus is on overt
behavior and its relationships to environmental variables. Behavior
modification can be applied in many settings, the nature of which
helps to define its subsets. Thus, applied in clinical settings,
toward clinical goals, it encompasses the subset behavior therapy.
In Behavior Therapy with Children, Volume 2, Anthony M. Graziano
focuses on behavior therapy--specifically, the behavioral treatment
of children's clinical problems.
The field of behavior modification encompasses an astonishingly
wide and varied spectrum of concepts about and approaches to
education, clinical problems, social programming, and
rehabilitation efforts. A conceptually and technologically rich
medium, it has been nourished by the psychology laboratory, the
school, and the psychiatric clinic. It is an area with diffuse
boundaries surrounding a highly active center, within which
apparently solid landmarks have already been worn away by the
dissolving action of corrective self-criticism--immeasurably aided
by the catalysts stirred in by the field's many critics. The
activity continues, the dynamic field boils, and the medium
enriches itself.
There appears to be a tendency, particularly among new behavior
therapists, to limit their focus too narrowly to the client's
systems of overt behavior. In this project, psychological therapy
begins with a personal, interactive social situation in which the
generally expected human response of interest, sympathy, and
support, is the minimum condition. Graziano maintains that these
clinical sensitivity skills must be preserved in behavior therapy
and enhance its important contribution to advancing the therapeutic
endeavor.
Anthony M. Graziano is professor emeritus in the Department of
Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo. He has
published a number of articles in journals on subjects such as
teaching machine programs, behavior therapy with children,
diagnostic testing, the history of psychology, and evaluations of
the contemporary mental health professions. He has been on the
editorial board of Behavior Modification and on the board of
directors for the Eastern Psychological Association.
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