Our knowledge about the world is often expressed by generic
sentences, yet their meanings are far from clear. This book
provides answers to central problems concerning generics: what do
they mean? Which factors affect their interpretation? How can one
reason with generics? Cohen proposes that the meanings of generics
are probability judgments, and shows how this view accounts for
many of their puzzling properties, including lawlikeness. Generics
are evaluated with respect to alternatives. Cohen argues that
alternatives are induced by the kind as well as by the predicated
property, and thus provides a uniform account of the varied
interpretations of generics. He studies the formal properties of
alternatives and provides a compositional account of their
derivation by focus and presupposition. Cohen uses his semantics of
generics to provide a formal characterization of adequate default
reasoning, and proves some desirable results of this formalism.
General
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