Aristotle, great Greek philosopher, researcher, reasoner, and
writer, born at Stagirus in 384 BCE, was the son of Nicomachus, a
physician, and Phaestis. He studied under Plato at Athens and
taught there (367-347); subsequently he spent three years at the
court of a former pupil, Hermeias, in Asia Minor and at this time
married Pythias, one of Hermeias's relations. After some time at
Mitylene, in 343-2 he was appointed by King Philip of Macedon to be
tutor of his teen-aged son Alexander. After Philip's death in 336,
Aristotle became head of his own school (of 'Peripatetics'), the
Lyceum at Athens. Because of anti-Macedonian feeling there after
Alexander's death in 323, he withdrew to Chalcis in Euboea, where
he died in 322.
Nearly all the works Aristotle prepared for publication are
lost; the priceless ones extant are lecture-materials, notes, and
memoranda (some are spurious). They can be categorized as follows:
I "Practical": Nicomachean Ethics; Great Ethics (Magna Moralia);
Eudemian Ethics; Politics; Economics (on the good of the family);
On Virtues and Vices. II "Logical": Categories; Analytics (Prior
and Posterior); Interpretation; Refutations used by Sophists;
Topica. III "Physical": Twenty-six works (some suspect) including
astronomy, generation and destruction, the senses, memory, sleep,
dreams, life, facts about animals, etc. IV "Metaphysics": on being
as being. V "Art": Rhetoric and Poetics. VI Other works including
the Constitution of Athens; more works also of doubtful authorship.
VII Fragments of various works such as dialogues on philosophy and
literature; and of treatises on rhetoric, politics and
metaphysics.
The Loeb Classical Library edition of Aristotle is
intwenty-three volumes.
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