In 1974 in a remote region of Ethiopia, Donald Johanson, then one
of America's most promising young paleoanthropologists, discovered
"Lucy," the oldest, best preserved skeleton of any erect-walking
human ever found. This discovery prompted a complete reevaluation
of previous evidence for human origins.
In the years since this dramatic discovery Johanson has
continued to scour East Africa's Great rift Valley for the earliest
evidence of human origins. In 1975 this team unearthed the "First
Family," an unparalleled fossil assemblage of 13 individuals dating
back to 3.2 million years ago; and in 1986 at the Rift's most
famous location, Olduvai Gorge, this same team discovered a 1.8
million-year-old partial adult skeleton that necessitated a
reassessment of the earliest members of our own genus "Homo."
Johanson's fieldwork continues unabated and recently more fossil
members of Lucy's family have been found, including the 1992
discovery of the oldest, most complete skull of her species, with
future research now planned for 1996 in the virtually unexplored
regions of the most northern extension of the Rift Valley in
Eritrea.
"From Lucy to Language" is a summing up of this remarkable
career and a stunning documentary of human life through time on
Earth. It is a combination of the vital experience of field work
and the intellectual rigor of primary research. It is the fusion of
two great writing talents: Johanson and Blake Edgar, an
accomplished science writer, editor of the California Academy of
Sciences' "Pacific Discovery," and co-author of Johanson's last
book, "Ancestors."
"From Lucy to Language" is one of the greatest stories ever
told, bracketing the timeline between bipedalismand human language.
Part I addresses the central issues facing anyone seeking to
decipher the mystery of human origins. In this section the authors
provide answers to the basics -- "What are our closest living
relatives?" -- tackle the controversial -- "What is race?" -- and
contemplate the imponderables -- "Why did consciousness
evolve?"
"From Lucy to Language" is an encounter with the evidence. Early
human fossils are hunted, discovered, identified, excavated,
collected, preserved, labeled, cleaned, reconstructed, drawn,
fondled, photographed, cast, compared, measured, revered, pondered,
published, and argued over endlessly. Fossils like Lucy have become
a talisman of sorts, promising to reveal the deepest secrets of our
existence. In Part II the authors profile over fifty of the most
significant early human fossils ever found. Each specimen is
displayed in color and at actual size, most of them in multiple
views. With them the authors present the cultural accoutrements
associated with the fossils: stone tools which evidence increasing
sophistication over time, the earliest stone, clay, and ivory art
objects, and the culminating achievement of the dawn of human
consciousness -- the magnificent rock and cave paintings of Europe,
Africa, Australia, and the Americas.
In the end "From Lucy to Language" is a reminder and a
challenge. Like no species before us, we now seem poised to control
vast parts of the planet and its life. We possess the power to
influence, if not govern, evolution. For that reason, we must not
forget our link to the natural world and our debt to natural
selection. We need to "think deep," to add a dose of geologic time
and evolutionary history to our perspectiveof who we are, where we
came from, and where we are headed. This is the most poignant
lesson this book has to offer.
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