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Controlling Energy Demand in Mobile Computing Systems (Paperback)
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Controlling Energy Demand in Mobile Computing Systems (Paperback)
Series: Synthesis Lectures on Mobile & Pervasive Computing
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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This lecture provides an introduction to the problem of managing
the energy demand of mobile devices. Reducing energy consumption,
primarily with the goal of extending the lifetime of
battery-powered devices, has emerged as a fundamental challenge in
mobile computing and wireless communication. The focus of this
lecture is on a systems approach where software techniques exploit
state-of-the-art architectural features rather than relying only
upon advances in lower-power circuitry or the slow improvements in
battery technology to solve the problem. Fortunately, there are
many opportunities to innovate on managing energy demand at the
higher levels of a mobile system. Increasingly, device components
offer low power modes that enable software to directly affect the
energy consumption of the system. The challenge is to design
resource management policies to effectively use these capabilities.
The lecture begins by providing the necessary foundations,
including basic energy terminology and widely accepted metrics,
system models of how power is consumed by a device, and measurement
methods and tools available for experimental evaluation. For
components that offer low power modes, management policies are
considered that address the questions of when to power down to a
lower power state and when to power back up to a higher power
state. These policies rely on detecting periods when the device is
idle as well as techniques for modifying the access patterns of a
workload to increase opportunities for power state transitions. For
processors with frequency and voltage scaling capabilities, dynamic
scheduling policies are developed that determine points during
execution when those settings can be changed without harming
quality of service constraints. The interactions and tradeoffs
among the power management policies of multiple devices are
discussed. We explore how the effective power management on one
component of a system may have either a positive or negative impact
on overall energy consumption or on the design of policies for
another component. The important role that application-level
involvement may play in energy management is described, with
several examples of cross-layer cooperation. Application program
interfaces (APIs) that provide information flow across the
application-OS boundary are valuable tools in encouraging
development of energy-aware applications. Finally, we summarize the
key lessons of this lecture and discuss future directions in
managing energy demand.
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