Distantearthquakesarewellknowntoinduceawiderangeofresponsesinsurface
water and groundwater. These responses are often viewed as mere
curiositiesas
theiroccurrenceislimitedinspaceandtime.Thefrequentemphasisonearthquake
precursorsinstudiesofthesephenomenaalsotendstopushthestudyof'earthquake
hydrology' away from the mainstream of geoscience. The observed
phenomena,
however,probetheinteractionbetweenhydrogeologicalprocessesandmechanical
deformationintheshallowcrust.Hencetheyprovideinsightintotheinteraction
among water cycle, tectonics, and properties of the crust. As such,
the study of
earthquakehydrologyalsohasthepotentialtoprovideamorequantitativeand-
depthunderstandingofthenatureofearthquakeprecursorsandevaluatewhether
theyareinfactprecursors. The title of this book re ects the nature
of the connections we address: we focus on how earthquakes affect
hydrology. Water also in uences earthquakes as it affects the
strength of faults and the rheology of rocks. Our emphasis here,
however, is not on the hydrology of earthquakes, but on
understanding the hydrological phenomena induced or modi ed by
earthquakes. The boundary
betweenthe'hydrologyofearthquakes'andthe'earthquake-inducedhydrological
phenomena', however, can sometimes be blurred. For example,
triggered ear- quakes are sometimes explained by a re-distribution
of pore pressure following the triggering earthquake. Hence,
triggered seismicity may be an example of an earthquake-induced
hydrological phenomenon. Thestudyofthelatter,therefore,
canbeimportanttowardsabetterunderstandingofthemechanicsofatleastsome
earthquakes.
Therearemanystudents,postdocsandcolleagueswewishtothankforcolla-
ratingonresearchprojectsrelatedtothetopicsreviewedinthisbook,orparticip-
inginstimulatingdiscussionsintheclasswetaughtcalled'Earthquakehydrology'.
In particular, we wish to thank Emily Brodsky, Yeeping Chia,
Douglas Dreger, Shemin Ge, Fu-qiong Huang, Tom Holzer, Chris Huber,
Joel Rowland, Martin Saar, Yaolin Shi, Chung-Ho Wang, Kelin Wang,
Pei-ling Wang and Alex Wong
forenlighteningexchanges.HunterPhilsonhelpedwith
guresandtheindex.We v vi Preface
alsothanktheNationalScienceFoundation,theMillerInstituteforBasicResearch
inScience,andNASAforsupportingtheresearchandsynthesisinthisvolume.
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