This research investigated new approaches to control anaerobic
methane oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction (AOM-SR) and enrich
anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB)
with the purpose of designing a suitable bioreactor for AOM-SR at
ambient pressure and temperature. The current knowledge about AOM
and the microorganisms involved in AOM are discussed. The effect of
different substrates and pressures was investigated on the ANME and
SRB community adapted to the shallow marine Lake Grevelingen, the
Netherlands. Further, microorganisms from the Alpha Mound (Spain)
deep sediment were enriched with methane gas as substrate in
biotrickling filters (BTF) at ambient conditions for 147-230 days
of operation. The effect of alternative sulfur compounds (sulfate,
thiosulfate and elemental sulfur) were studied and the microbial
community was characterized. The highest AOM and sulfate reduction
rates were obtained in the BTF fed with thiosulfate as the electron
acceptor (~0.4 mmol l-1 day-1), but the highest number of ANME was
visualized in the sulfate fed BTF (ANME-2 43% of the total
visualized archaea). A BTF was proposed as a suitable bioreactor
for the enrichment of ANME and SRB at ambient pressure and
temperature which could be potentially used for future
biotechnological applications.
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