Being Apart from Reasons deals with the question of how we
should go about using reasons to decide what to do. More
particularly, the book presents objections to the most common
response given by contemporary legal and political theorists to the
moral complexity of decision-making in modern societies, namely:
the attempt to release public agents from their argumentative
burden by insulating a particular set of reasons from the general
pool of reasons and assigning the former systematic priority over
all other reasons. If those attempts succeed, public agents should
not reason comprehensively, taking into account all reasons and
weighing them against one another. Some reasons would be excluded
from decision-making by kind.
That strategy is apparent both in Rawls claim that reasons
concerning the right are systematically prior to reasons concerning
the good and in Raz s claim that pre-emptive reasons are
systematically prior to first-order reasons. The same strategy is
also instantiated by certain arguments for the procedural value of
law, such as Jeremy Waldron s. In the book, each of those arguments
for the insulation of reasons is objected to in order to defend the
thesis the reasoning by public agents must always be as
comprehensive as possible.
In order to reach that conclusion a particular picture of public
decision-making in needed. That picture in provided by the
comparison between the use of reasons in public and private
decision-making which is carried out in the first two chapters of
the book. That comparison brings to light peculiar features of
public decision-making that imply the need for public agents to
reason comprehensively before deciding. The remaining chapters
object to those arguments mentioned above which aim at justifying
the exclusion of certain reasons from public agent s
decision-making."
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