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The Reinvention of Atlantic Slavery - Technology, Labor, Race, and Capitalism in the Greater Caribbean (Paperback)
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The Reinvention of Atlantic Slavery - Technology, Labor, Race, and Capitalism in the Greater Caribbean (Paperback)
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The period of the "second slavery" was marked by geographic
expansion of zones of slavery into the Upper US South, Cuba, and
Brazil and chronological expansion into the industrial age.As The
Reinvention of Atlantic Slavery shows, ambitious planters
throughout the Greater Caribbean hired a transnational group of
chemists, engineers, and other "plantation experts" to assist them
in adapting industrial technologies to suit their "tropical" needs
and increase profitability. Not only were technologies reinvented
so as to keep manufacturing processes local but slaveholders'
adaptation of new racial ideologies also shaped their particular
usage of new machines. Finally, these businessmen forged a new set
of relationships with one another in order to sidestep the
financial dominance of Great Britain and the northeastern United
States. In addition to promoting new forms of mechanization, the
technical experts depended on the know-how of slaves alongside whom
they worked. Bondspeople with industrial craft skills played key
roles in the development of new production processes and
technologies like sugar mills. While the very existence of such
skilled slaves contradicted prevailing racial ideologies and
allowed black people to wield power in their own interest, their
contributions grew the slave economies of Cuba, Brazil, and the
Upper South. Together reform-minded planters, technical experts,
and enslaved people modernized sugar plantations in Louisiana and
Cuba; brought together rural Virginia wheat planters and industrial
flour-millers in Richmond with the coffee-planting system of
southeastern Brazil; and enabled engineers and iron-makers in
Virginia to collaborate with railroad and sugar entrepreneurs in
Cuba. Through his examination of the creation of these industrial
bodies of knowledge, Daniel B. Rood demonstrates the deepening
dependence of the Atlantic economy on forced labor after a few
revolutionary decades in which it seemed the institution of slavery
might be destroyed. The reinvention of this plantation world in the
1840s and 1850s brought a renewed movement in the 1860s, especially
from enslaved people themselves in the United States and Cuba, to
end chattel slavery. This account of capitalism, technology, and
slavery offers new perspectives on the nineteenth-century Americas.
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