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White Castle: The Evaluation of an Upstanding Prehistoric Enclosure in East Lothian (Paperback)
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White Castle: The Evaluation of an Upstanding Prehistoric Enclosure in East Lothian (Paperback)
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White Castle: The evaluation of an upstanding prehistoric enclosure
in East Lothian describes the results of a four year research
programme of archaeological works between 2010 and 2013, at the
later prehistoric enclosure of White Castle, East Lothian, carried
out under the auspices of the Rampart Scotland project. The site is
a Scheduled Monument, but, despite being subject of mapping and
survey for some 200 years, it has never been examined by excavation
prior to the Rampart Scotland project’s interventions. White
Castle was the first of the series of comparable sites to be
excavated in the Lammermuir area. The programme of archaeological
evaluation and sequence of radiometric dates furnished evidence for
four major phases of activity at White Castle – with the main
enclosure period dating to the second half of the first millennium
BC. The excavations demonstrated a clear sequence of enclosure
development over time, whereby the design and visual impact often
appeared to be more important than defence alone. White Castle’s
location on the main route through the Lammermuirs with surrounding
upland pasture is also highly suggestive to its function and it
seems probable that the site’s economy was concerned primarily
with controlling access to grazing. The final phase of the
prehistoric enclosure appears to combine two key factors:
impressing visitors and stock control. While maintenance of White
Castle’s enclosure system was abandoned in the closing centuries
BC, it is unlikely that the area was deserted and there is also
limited evidence for two later phases of activity on site around
the Medieval and Early Modern Periods.
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