Since the arrival of Europeans about 500 years ago, an estimated
50,000 non-native species have been introduced to North America
(including Hawaii). Non-native species figure prominently in our
lives, often as ornamentals, sources of food or pests. Although
many introduced species are beneficial, there is increasing
awareness of the enormous economic costs associated with non-native
pests. In contrast, the ecological impacts of non-native species
have received much less public and scientific attention, despite
the fact that invasion by exotic species ranks second to habitat
destruction as a cause of species loss. In particular, there is
little information about the ecological impacts of hyper-diverse
groups such as terrestrial fungi and invertebrates.
A science symposium, Ecological impacts of non-native
invertebrates and fungi on terrestrial ecosystems, held in 2006,
brought together scientists from the USA and Canada to review the
state of knowledge in this field of work. Additional reviews were
solicited following the symposium. The resulting set of
review/synthesis papers and case studies represents a cross-section
of work on ecological impacts of non-native terrestrial
invertebrates and fungi. Although there is a strong focus on
Canadian work, there is also significant presentation of work in
the northern USA and Europe.
General
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