After World War II, the United States assumed responsibilities
for the Northern Mariana Islands, the Caroline Islands, and the
Marshall Islands under a 1947 trusteeship agreement with the United
Nations. The United States had the obligation to prepare these
Micronesians for self-government or independence after termination
of the trusteeship, but the Interior, State, and Defense
Departments paid little attention to this question until 1961.
Willens and Siemer examine the Kennedy administration's
formation of a new Micronesian policy aimed at bringing these
islanders under U.S. sovereignty by 1968, the inability of the
federal agencies to achieve this objective, and their refusal to
acknowledge that the Northern Marianas people had very different
economic and political aspirations than the other Micronesians. By
1969, the Micronesian leaders--except for those of the Northern
Marianas--were increasingly attracted to a future political status
that rejected United States citizenship and had most of the
attributes of a sovereign nation-state. Willens and Siemer analyze
the initial negotiations between United States and Micronesian
representatives, the inability of the United States to respond
positively to the demands of the Micronesian negotiators, and the
national defense and strategic objectives at issue. By April 1972,
the United States recognized that its non-fragmentation policy
conflicted with the right of self-determination of the Northern
Marianas people and agreed to separate status negotiations with
them. A detailed review of recent Micronesian history that will be
of considerable value to U.S. government officials involved with
insular affairs and foreign policy and scholars and researchers of
Micronesian, Pacific islands, and Marianas affairs.
General
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