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State Formation After Civil War - Local Government in National Peace Transitions (Paperback)
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State Formation After Civil War - Local Government in National Peace Transitions (Paperback)
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State formation after civil war offers a new model for studying the
formation of the state in a national peace transition as an
integrated national phenomenon. Current models of peacebuilding and
state building limit that possibility, reproducing a fragmented,
selective view of this complex reality. Placing too much emphasis
on state building as design they place too little on understanding
state formation as unplanned historical process. The dominant focus
on national institutions also ignores the role that cities and
civic polities have played in constituting the modern state. Mining
ideas from many disciplines and evidence from 19 peace processes,
including South Africa, the book argues that the starting point for
building a systematic theory is to explain a distinct pattern to
state formation that can be observed in practice: Despite their
conflicts people in fragile societies bargain terms for peaceful
coexistence, they make attempts to constitute the right to rule as
valid state authority, in circumstances prone to conflict, over
which they have imperfect influence, not control. Though the kind
of institutions created will differ with context, how rules for
state authority are institutionalized follows a consistent basic
pattern. That pattern defines state formation in peace transitions
as both a unified, if contingent, field of normative practice and
an object of comparative study. Where the national-centric models
see local government as a matter belonging to policy on
decentralization for later in the reconstruction phase, the book
uncovers a distinct "local government dimension" to peace
transitions: A civic dimension to national conflicts that must be
explained; incipient or proto-local authorities that emerge even
during civil war, in peace making, after state collapse; the fact
that it is common for peace agreements and constitutions to include
rules for local authority, for local elections to be held as part
of broader democratization, and for laws to be enacted to establish
local government as part of peace compacts. The book develops the
concept of local peace transition to explain the distinctive
constitutive role of this local dimension in peace-making and state
formation. This path-breaking book will be of compelling interest
to practitioners, scholars and students of comparative
constitutional studies, international law, peace building and state
building.
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