Ancient Mesopotamian, biblical, rabbinic, and Christian literature
was created and transmitted by the intellectual elite and therefore
presents their world views and perspectives. This volume
investigates for the first time whether and to what extent
religious knowledge - e.g., "sacred" narratives, customary
practices, legal rules, family traditions, festival observances -
was accessible to and known by ordinary people beyond religious
functionaries. Which contexts (e.g., family, synagogue and church,
private and public study, communal rituals) enabled the
dissemination and acquisition of religious knowledge beyond
scholarly circles? In which forms other than written texts was such
knowledge available and who (e.g., parents, teachers, scribes,
rabbis, priests, monks) mediated it to a public that was largely
illiterate? Can we assume that the majority of those who identified
themselves as Jewish or Christian would have possessed a "working
knowledge" of the respective religious traditions and customary
practices? Would that knowledge have differed from one person to
another, depending on gender, socio-economic status, religious
commitment, and the general circumstances in which one lived? This
book is the first collaborative interdisciplinary study of this
important subject area with chapters written by international
experts on ancient Mesopotamia, the Hebrew Bible, Qumran
literature, rabbinic literature, and early Christianity including
apocrypha and monastic traditions.
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