Among the Old Order Mennonite and Amish communities of Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania, the coming of the telephone posed a serious
challenge to the longstanding traditions of work, worship, silence,
and visiting. In 1907, Mennonites crafted a compromise in order to
avoid a church split and grudgingly allowed telephones for lay
people while prohibiting telephone ownership among the clergy. By
1909, the Amish had banned the telephone completely from their
homes. Since then, the vigorous and sometimes painful debates about
the meaning of the telephone reveal intense concerns about the
maintenance of boundaries between the community and the outside
world and the processes Old Order communities use to confront and
mediate change.
In "Holding the Line," Diane Zimmerman Umble offers a historical
and ethnographic study of how the Old Order Mennonites and Amish
responded to and accommodated the telephone from the turn of the
twentieth century to the present. For Old Order communities, Umble
writes, appropriate use of the telephone marks the edges of
appropriate association--who can be connected to whom, in what
context, and under what circumstances. Umble's analysis of the
social meaning of the telephone explores the effect of technology
on community identity and the maintenance of cultural values
through the regulation of the means of communication.
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