The eighteenth century was a time of significant change in the
perception of marriage and family relations, the emphasis of reason
over revelation, and the spread of political consciousness. The
Unity of the Brethren, known in America as Moravians, experienced
the resulting tensions firsthand as they organized their protective
religious settlements in Germany. A group of the Brethren who later
settled in Salem, North Carolina, experienced the stresses of
cultural and generational conflict when its younger members came to
think of themselves as Americans. The Moravians who first
immigrated to America actively maintained their connections to
those who remained in Europe and gave them the authority for
deciding religious, social, and governmental issues. But, as the
children born in Salem became acclimated to more freedoms,
particularly in the wake of the American Revolution, a series of
disputes intensified the problems of transatlantic governance.
While the group's leadership usually associated Enlightenment
principles with rebellion and religious skepticism, the younger
Brethren were drawn to its message of individual autonomy and
creative expression. Elisabeth Sommer traces the impact of this
generational and cultural change among Moravians on both sides of
the Atlantic and examines the resulting debate over the definition
of freedom and faith.
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