This work is a powerful and astute examination of the connection
between magic in literature and magic in history. It traces the
evolution of the Faust tradition and its relationship to the
practice of magic in European history. Written by one of the most
distinguished scholars in the field of German literature, this
book, first published in 1952, is a classic text. Butler follows
the magic tradition of the Magus--the priest-king--and its
reformulation in the Christian world. In the process, the Magus was
transformed into a wicked sorcerer who comes to a bad end in this
world and a worse one hereafter. This conception, which gained
ground in the Middle Ages, received its most categorical statement
in the Faust legend.
The celebrated pact between Faust and the devil was in fact an
invention of Christian mythologists who had interpreted occult
rituals in accordance with the Christian belief that magicians were
the servants of Satan. Occultists replied by denying the pact with
the devil and by associating Faust with ritual magic traditions.
Butler draws on her detailed knowledge of literature, religion, and
history to produce an authoritative synthesis that all those
interested in the development of mythology will find
indispensable.
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